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Introduction British Library 2002/2003
CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION Economic and social progress is critically dependent on the advance of knowledge. The British Library plays an important role in providing the raw material for new thinking and hence stimulating the generation of ideas.
The British Library is a world-class institution devoted to the support of research and innovation through its collections, services and staff. The Library is an integral component of the national research infrastructure and plays a significant role in ensuring UK research excellence. Over 50 per cent of what the Library does is associated in some way or another with supporting Higher Education and a further 25 per cent of British Library activity is directed towards support of industry and business. The British Library also has much to offer the general public. Whether in our Reading Rooms or via our Document Supply service some ten per cent of our activity relates to the delivery of information to lifelong learners in the general population. And increasingly digitisation is enabling us to build upon our exhibition and education programmes to broaden access to the collections of the national library to an ever-widening public. During the period under review I was delighted to see further recognition within Government of the substantive contribution that the Library makes to the nation through its support of Higher Education and its support for industry and UK competitiveness. In July 2002 the Government set out its strategy for science, engineering and technology in a publication entitled Investing in Innovation, in which it acknowledged ‘the value placed on the British Library as a resource to scientific researchers in the UK, both public and private’. Moreover, in its July 2002 report on library resources for Higher Education, the House of Commons Education
and Skills Committee said, ‘We are proud that the British Library is recognised as a world leader and we pay tribute to its work in providing research resources for higher education and for enterprise.’ Most importantly perhaps, Government recognition of our unique and important contribution was reflected in a positive Grant in Aid funding settlement for the Library for the period 2003/04 – 2005/06. A substantial capital allocation for the construction of additional storage capacity to meet projected collection growth alleviated some of the concerns I expressed in last year’s report about the need to obtain the necessary investment in infrastructure. And – in what I take as a vote of confidence in the challenging programme of strategic change we have embarked upon – the Library also received significant additional Grant funding earmarked for investment in both the modernisation of the Document Supply service and also the reform of human resources and working practices. As we approach the next Spending Review I re-affirm my determination to ensure the necessary investment in the national library to sustain its world-class status and to make available the knowledge held in our collections to all who can benefit from it.
John Eatwell British Library Chairman
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Year Book British Library 2002/2003
CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S SUMMARY OF THE YEAR This year the development of the British Library’s strategy has focused on assessing the different needs and expectations of our primary constituencies: researchers; business people; schools and students; the library and information network; and the general public. Establishing the current and emerging needs of our users has enabled us to articulate our shared sense of the British Library’s core purpose: to provide access to the world’s knowledge.
We have engaged staff throughout the Library in defining how we all add value to the knowledge which we hold in trust for present and future generations. The compelling common factor underpinning the roles the Library plays for all our diverse audiences has been crystallised as helping people advance knowledge to enrich lives. With a clear sense of purpose that is shared by staff and resonates with users, we are turning strategy into action. At an immediate and visible level, an exciting outcome of this has been the implementation of a distinctive new visual identity for the Library. We recognise that the success of our new brand will come not only from our visual communications but also from the experience that our many users have of the Library itself. Judging by the opinion of the writer A N Wilson, we have strong foundations on which to build. In the acknowledgments to his recent book The Victorians, he comments that ‘the British Library is the glory of our nation; the staff are its glory’, a sentiment which we all share as we celebrate the fifth anniversary of the opening of the first Reading Room at St Pancras.
passed its second reading on the 14th March 2003, and we are extremely grateful to all those who supported the progress of the Bill. There are still several stages to pass before legislation is secured, and there remain some issues to be worked through with stakeholders. However, if we are successful in our efforts, this will be a groundbreaking piece of legislation, ensuring that our national digital memory is preserved and made accessible in perpetuity. Critical parallel activity has been the development of digital archiving and preservation strategies. A particular challenge facing all libraries as they develop digital collection strategies is how to collect and archive information contained in websites. We are collaborating with international partners, including the Bibliothèque nationale de France, the Library of Congress and the National Library of Canada to agree distributed global approaches to web archiving.
Another landmark this year was the seventieth anniversary of the opening of our newspaper Reading Rooms at Colindale in North London; meanwhile, great progress has been made on the digitisation of our collection of the first English newspapers. The project is intended to give fully-searchable web access to ‘the first draft of history’. This is just one example of how we are opening up a specialised area of our collection to much wider usage, enabling innovative new research and advancing knowledge in very real terms.
Sustaining our world-leading acquisition levels remains a priority in the face of continuing budget pressures. With increasing demands on resources, collaboration is crucial if we are to provide the best possible support for UK research. A milestone this year has been the publication of the report of the Research Support Libraries Group and its recommendation to establish a Research Libraries Network for the UK. The British Library Board welcomed the report’s recognition that ‘the British Library is absolutely integral to the success of UK research’. We will continue to play a leading role in shaping a more integrated future approach to research support, working with the Higher Education Funding Council for England and other partners.
The future role of libraries is being fundamentally influenced by the development of Internet and digital technologies. The challenge of handling digital publications is shared by all libraries, but there is a special responsibility on libraries of legal deposit to guarantee the integrity of the national published archive. We have put particular effort into lobbying for the extension of legal deposit to include digital as well as print materials, working closely with other key stakeholders from libraries, publishers and Government. A Private Member’s Bill, sponsored by Chris Mole MP, successfully
We continue to work closely with the Society of Chief Librarians (SCL) to develop a shared agenda appropriate to the challenges facing libraries at both the community and national level. The second annual workshop between the British Library and SCL was held in December and we are pursuing collaborative programmes with the public library network and other regional agencies. These will bring our collections and exhibitions to a wider audience and will support the library network in its marketing and delivery of services to local audiences.
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Year Book British Library 2002/2003
CHIEF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CONTINUED An exciting new collaboration with the New York Public Library will enable us to share best practice and develop joint initiatives with another great research library with a different function and perspective to our own. Areas we are investigating together include the role of the library curator in the 21st century, long-term digital strategies, and the provision of services to the science and business community. We are grateful to the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation for its vital support in the development of this project. In last year’s report I referred to the fundamental modernisation programme which we were undertaking to develop the British Library’s services. This has continued and there have been many hard decisions to take, as well as significant and sometimes painful changes to implement this year. However, I believe that this work is essential if we are to create a Library that is responsive to its users’ needs and aligned with our overall vision. We have made significant progress in a number of key areas as detailed reviews and restructures have moved forward across all the Library’s Directorates. The e-Strategy and Information Systems Directorate has been radically restructured to support our service delivery. Successful implementation of systems that can manage and provide access to all our collection items, whether in digital or print form, is critical to the Library’s future development. The Directorate has embarked on the implementation of an Integrated Library System, which will deliver a new online catalogue and streamline the way in which we process and catalogue items. We are making major changes to our Document Supply service to enable digital delivery of research material on a far greater scale. We have had valuable support from the Government’s Invest to Save programme to help us deliver this improvement. Digital scanning from print and microform originals will give researchers rapid, high-quality delivery from over one hundred million research articles, reports and conference papers direct to their desktop. Coupled with the breakthrough in instant, secure electronic delivery from e-journals, made possible by our partnership with Adobe, this reinforces the Library’s role as the pre-eminent global document supplier. It also confirms our close co-operation with publishers, which is vital to the continuing success of the national research infrastructure. Our Human Resources department has an important role to play in supporting the Library during our programme of organisational change. The team has been strengthened by new appointments and has been restructured to help deliver the Library’s strategic agenda more effectively. This year we have started to make good progress against many of our priority areas, supported by special reform funding. We are improving our industrial relations and we are committed to
developing leadership skills within the Library and will be rolling out a series of training programmes later in the year. Our performance management scheme is being redesigned, and a fundamental review of our reward and recognition system will commence shortly. I would like to thank our interim HR Director, Andy Cook, for the significant work he directed during his appointment, and to welcome our new Director, Mary Canavan, who joins us in June 2003. We have been reviewing our estates requirements, and to ensure that we have space to accommodate the eleven kilometres of new material we acquire each year we have begun planning for new storage developments at our site in Yorkshire. We were pleased to receive additional capital funding from Government to assist this work. We are also planning a new Centre for Conservation to be built at St Pancras, which will enhance the Library’s conservation facilities, ensuring that our priceless collections are protected for future generations to study and enjoy. The Centre will give public visibility to world-class craft skills and will imaginatively engage the growing public interest in conservation activities. A number of projects in the immediate vicinity of the Library, including the building of a new Eurostar terminal at St Pancras and the regeneration of the King’s Cross area (particularly aimed at attracting the creative industries), will draw new businesses, residents and tourists to our doorstep, and look set to position the Library at the heart of a new cultural quarter for London. Looking back over our achievements this year, I am struck by the pride, dedication and skill shown by staff throughout the Library, as well as the extraordinary diversity and quality of what they accomplish. The case studies and summaries throughout this Report give just a flavour of the many ways in which the knowledge held in our collections has made a difference to people’s lives. The British Library is recognised and valued for its contribution to the economy, to research competitiveness and as a great cultural institution. It is a privilege for me to see this in action every day and to lead the Library at this time of major changes in education, learning and the ways in which information is accessed. Technology is also driving fundamental shifts in research methods and publishing models. The Library is responding with growing confidence to the resulting challenges, and is now positioned to deliver access to the world’s knowledge on an unprecedented scale.
Lynne Brindley Chief Executive
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Fact Book British Library 2002/2003
3,000 new words were added to the Oxford English Dictionary last year. 6 OED researchers use the 12 London Reading Rooms to verify new words and identify others which have become obsolete.
items
Every minute of each working day (and night), researchers around the world order 9 items from our Document Supply service.
Details of 8,000 new research articles appear on our searchable web database every working day. 07
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Fact Book British Library 2002/2003
Our basement stores reach 24 metres below ground
years
It would take you 28 years, day and night, to listen to the Sound Archive’s entire CD collection.
– the equivalent of an 8 storey building, and as deep as the Victoria line which runs through them.
, 178 St Pancras Reading Rooms are open 6 days a week and every day Readers consult an average of 17,800 items.
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The world’s longestestablished Sunday paper, The Observer, is 212 years old. We have the 4 page first issue; copies now have 194 pages, and on the CD-Rom version every word can be searched.
599km Our collection fills 599 kilometres of shelving on 5 sites in London and Yorkshire.
We hold information on 25 different materials, including glass, bone, wood, stone, papyrus, plastic, wax, skin, bark, cloth, paper, metal and clay.
,
,
8,490,040 searches were made of our catalogue on the web during the year. 09
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Fact Book British Library 2002/2003
If you consulted 10 items every day, it would take you 40,000 years to see the whole of our current collection.
STRATEGY INTO ACTION In last year’s Annual Report we set out our six strategic priorities. This year we report on our progress.
Strategic priorities Developing and enhancing our catalogues The development of more web-based catalogues will be the primary means of opening up access to our collections. We will improve catalogue coverage and quality. We will improve resource discovery through collaboration.
Improving the way users meet the Library Our goal is to make our services easier to use.
Modernising our services We are transforming our services to improve the accessibility of our collections. We will integrate services to enable a seamless process of searching, ordering and receipt by the user.
Progress during 2002/03
Impact on our users and partners
We created 618,661 new catalogue records, exceeding our target by 9% We have added the Library’s catalogue to the suite of major UK research library catalogues that can be seamlessly searched on the web. We are participating in the project to create a UK Union Catalogue of serials (SUNCAT); the contract for development has been awarded to EDINA/Ex Libris.
We are monitoring satisfaction with the Library’s services so that we can maintain a programme of continuous improvement We have established our new brand identity which expresses our core purpose in visual and written terms. We are renewing our printed materials in line with the new brand, rationalising them wherever possible, both to control costs and to ensure users are not overwhelmed with information. We have modified the website to reflect the brand, simplified navigation, and made it easier for people with disabilities to use. We have improved Reading Room facilities for people with physical and visual disabilities. We have made reciprocal agreements with university libraries in the UK and public libraries in London for referral of users between research collections.
We are merging our operations across all locations to harmonise discovery and accessibility of resources. New contracts with Relais and Xerox, investment in an innovative digitisation system and installation of 110 new scanners are enabling us to deliver secure digital copies of printed and microform items from our Document Supply collections Our new partnership with Adobe to provide secure electronic delivery from e-journals has enabled us to secure contracts with the major scientific publishers.
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Timeliness and accuracy of holdings information is vital for the library network which uses our records and for researchers and businesses who want rapid access to new publications. Researchers can now search 22 major UK research catalogues in a single sweep of www.copac.ac.uk Researchers will be able to identify and locate all the serials holdings of the main UK research collections.
People using our Reading Rooms and Document Supply services or visiting our exhibitions are reporting satisfaction levels above our targets. People instantly recognise our new visual style, the tone is engaging and the language clear and readily understood. Clear, targeted leaflets and guides make it easier for Readers, visitors and customers to get straight to the information they want. Browsers are able to find the information they need on www.bl.uk quickly and easily. Disabled researchers now have better access to a wider range of our services, enabling them to use our resources more effectively. Postgraduates, final year students and members of the public whose research needs can’t be met by their local library’s resources are now entitled, on their librarian’s recommendation, to a Reader’s Pass.
Businesses and researchers using Document Supply have rapid electronic delivery of the vast body of research information that has been published, and will continue to be published, in print. Businesses and researchers using Document Supply have instant access to increasing numbers of e-articles on a ‘pay per item’ basis. Researchers in our Reading Rooms now have instant access to electronic articles. All Document Supply users are benefiting from greatly improved service delivery. We typically deliver more than 80% of requests within 24 hours.
We welcomed 61, 302 new Readers to our Reading Rooms in the past year.
We created 618,661 new catalogue records during the year, exceeding our target by 9%.
61,302 Strategic priorities Improving collection access through digitisation Our priority is to develop a coherent digitisation strategy that will state our criteria for selection of content and will contain business models for collection and capture.
Developing life-cycle collection management We are taking an integrated approach to our stewardship of the national collection and considering all aspects of how material is brought into the Library, catalogued, shelved, retrieved for users, stored and preserved for the long-term. This will enable us to develop a better understanding of the interdependencies and costs of each stage of the life-cycle.
Developing an integrated architecture for the hybrid library The challenge is to create an infrastructure that will seamlessly allow us to manage, preserve and provide access to all our collections whether the materials are print based, or electronic. This includes creating an environment where digital materials can be preserved beyond the life of the original viewing application.
9
%
Progress during 2002/03
Impact on our users and partners
We defined criteria for digitisation projects, focusing on the benefits we bring to user communities by digitising particular types of material. We installed a digital imaging suite that streamlines the capture and processing of digital images from original collection materials. We exceeded our target of digitising images from the collection by 5%. With support from the National Science Foundation in the US, we are working with a contractor to digitise microfilms of pre-1801 newspapers. Half a million page images have been created so far.
We have completed a review of the relationships between each stage of our management of the collections. We have analysed the economic interdependencies of all stages so we can assess the proportion of resources required at each. This will enable us to manage and allocate resources most effectively in the longer term.
We are currently implementing a new Integrated Library System, which will efficiently streamline acquisition and cataloguing of printed and digital items. This will ultimately allow searching of all our catalogue records from a single point of access. We are developing a Digital Object Management System to support long term storage, provide access by incorporating appropriate levels of metadata, and manage associated Intellectual Property Rights. We are collaborating with other institutions to develop standards for digital preservation and access to ensure a consistent global approach.
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Sharing material in digital form supports research and learning in all our user communities. We intend to give researchers at all levels fullysearchable web access to digitised newspapers. Online resources launched during the year: - 21st Century Citizen in support of the National Curriculum, providing learning resources for teachers and school students; - the Database of Fine Bindings, giving art historians and other researchers access to images and details of previously hidden treasures; - Images Online, giving the creative industries an easy way to find and order pictures from our historic collections.
All users benefit from the Library’s responsible stewardship of our collections both now and in the future. We have collaborated with Oxford University Library Services on the review and will continue to work with them to establish benchmarks against which we, and other libraries, will be able to assess our collection management practices. The UK research libraries have particular interest in this work, which no other organisation has undertaken before. The review prepares the way for collaborative collection management in the UK library network.
Faster processing of new material will make it accessible to users more quickly. Catalogues of printed material will link to catalogues of sound, manuscript and digitised holdings. It will be easier to share cataloguing data with other libraries. Users of Reading Rooms and online services will have access to digital materials in perpetuity, subject to licensing arrangements, but regardless of original carrier. By sharing the workload and establishing best practice the library network will be able to make more digital materials widely accessible, cost-effectively and without duplication of effort.
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Fact Book British Library 2002/2003
Every working day staff answer 2,000 free enquiries.
EVOLVING OUR STRATEGY Over the past year our strategy has moved forward. The priorities we identified last year are operational, and have been about enabling the most effective use of our services and resources. Now that we have put in place robust internal changes to deliver on our objectives we are shifting our focus to the outcomes that our users can anticipate.
Key communities of users
The services and resources they use
How we will add value during 2003/04
Researchers: Postgraduates, teaching staff and researchers in Higher Education Writers and scholars Government research establishments
Reading Rooms in St Pancras, Boston Spa and the Newspaper collections in Colindale Document Supply services Online catalogues and databases On-demand imaging from our reference collections British Library publications Digitised collection materials Curatorial expertise
We are meeting the changing needs of the research community by improving existing services to give quicker and more comprehensive access to our resources. The Integrated Library System will unify and improve catalogues. This will simplify the discovery of research sources and increase the accuracy of results. Researchers will have online access to major newspaper and sound collections, thanks to support by JISC for digitisation programmes. We will contribute to the studies and new services of the Research Libraries Network.
Business people: High R&D industries Professional services Small and medium-sized technology-based enterprises Science Parks Creative and media industries, e.g. broadcasting, publishing, advertising and journalism
Expert searching services Reading Rooms in St Pancras, Boston Spa and Colindale Document Supply services Online catalogues and databases Training, e.g. Patents Clinics British Library publications Database licensing On-demand imaging from our reference collections
We are rationalising and modernising existing services to make them faster, more efficient and increasingly customer-focused. We are making services wholly digital wherever appropriate. We are developing new services in line with changing user needs. Our Research Service, for example, will undertake comprehensive searches and analysis of patents, technical and business literature for businesses.
The library network: Libraries in Higher and Further Education National libraries Public libraries Regional archives and museums Government libraries Special libraries
Document Supply services Supply of bibliographic records Training British Library publications Site visits Co-operative forums to establish standards and best practice
We will support more retrospective cataloguing and digitisation programmes through partnership funding. Through our regional initiatives we are forming partnerships with local agencies for museums, libraries and archives to make the national library’s resources more available at a regional level. We are providing resources to support a strand of the public library staff development programme.
Schools and students: Teachers School libraries Students 11-18 Schools in the St Pancras area Further Education colleges Undergraduates
Workshops using exhibitions Summer schools and seminars Regional and outreach projects Partnerships and advice to support research skills and information literacy Web resource for teachers and learners British Library books and CD-Roms for schools
The general public: Communities local to the Library’s sites Lifelong learners Groups and societies Families Tourists from the UK and overseas
Exhibitions Events Tours Bookshop British Library publications Virtual exhibitions and displays
We are developing a programme of 4 types of learning workshop at St Pancras for teachers and students; one strand focuses on social inclusion goals. We are setting up intensive projects with groups of young people in Camden. We will extend user involvement in the 21st Century Citizen website and develop it in response to feedback. Our involvement in the University College Widening Participation summer school will increase this year. Two major new exhibitions on Lindisfarne and modern Chinese prints are opening this year. We are launching Collect Britain, a web resource exploring major image and sound collections, supported by the New Opportunities Fund. We are developing www.bl.uk to provide wider public accessibility and enrich the interested browser’s experience of the site. We are extending our programme of mounting smaller topical displays with wide appeal.
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INNOVATION GUARANTEED... Mark Sheahan used our patent and business collections when he designed his Simply Squeeze to Open packaging. It’s cheaper and quicker to produce than standard closing systems and is especially easy for elderly and disabled people to use.
...Mark Sheahan, Managing Director of CompGen Limited, was named Innovator of the Year 2003 in a ceremony held at the British Library in November 2002 by the London Business Innovation Centre. His Simply Squeeze to Open containers are a real breakthrough in packaging design. Cheaper and quicker to produce than standard closing systems, his invention has already been taken up by major packaging producers in the US and the UK.
Mark’s design will also reduce the 60,000 accidents caused annually in the UK alone because of the problems people have when opening consumer goods. Airtight, and easy to make child-proof, the Simply Squeeze lids are also a boon for the elderly and the disabled. Mark has had a golden year, winning the Invention of the Year and Gold Consumer Product at the British Invention Show, the Grand Prix at Inpex, America’s largest invention showcase, the Visteon Award for Manufacturing Innovation and gold medals from Geneva’s International Exhibition of Inventions and the Taiwan Invention Association. How did the Library contribute to his triumph? ‘You inspire confidence’, says Mark. During development of the product, he visited the Reading Rooms and the website to check on existing patents for packaging. ‘It’s vital to do thorough searches. Otherwise you can waste so much time, and companies can spend thousands of pounds, developing an idea, only to find that a patent already exists. The Library can also help innovators and entrepreneurs assess the market. There’s no point developing a prototype unless there’s a big enough market out there.’
The Library’s expert staff are a great help for the new inventor. They run patent clinics to help people get started. New inventors are vulnerable; you can be taken advantage of. I keep an eye on the trade press to make sure that none of mine is pirated, and I know that other inventors have used the collections when taking action to protect their intellectual property. The Library’s resources empower the lone inventor.’
The Library’s support for innovation was highlighted in the Government’s report, Investing in Innovation, published in July 2002. The report underlined the value the Library added at a national level in supporting scientific and technical ‘The Library’s expert staff research and development in universities and large corporations are a great help for the through Document Supply services new inventor. They run and Reading Rooms. It also recognised the ‘particular benefit patent clinics to help (the Library offers) to smaller firms people get started. which are less able than large companies to hold substantial Inventors are vulnerable collections of scientific journals and and can be taken other publications’.
advantage of. The Library’s resources empower the lone inventor.’
Refocusing the services we offer to small and medium-sized companies has been central to Julia Stocken’s work since she Mark Sheahan, Innovator of the Year 2003 joined the Library last year as Head of Science, Technology and Innovation. She says, ‘we’re here to help make ideas happen. The enterprise sector needs reliable information; they may not be familiar with the sources, or know how Mark believes that ‘nearly every idea’s already best to use them. We’ve got the expertise, the facilities been thought of, but just not commercialised. and all the scientific and technical information, online You can find out who would be interested in your idea and in print: we can sift it, assess it, and package it how by looking at which companies are filing patents they want. We’re developing our ideas with partners, in your field. You need to delve into an area, look at including the London Development Agency. There’s how others have addressed a problem, then see if such a sense of excitement: we’re fine-tuning a really you can move forward from it. Once you’ve filed powerful resource.’ your patent, you can get in touch with manufacturers.
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THE RIGHT DECISIONS... Our Document Supply services are making more research available for electronic delivery. AstraZeneca’s scientists use our information to underpin their decision-making, helping them choose from among thousands the one compound that could become the basis of a new treatment.
...‘Information helps us manage risk’, says Susan Cooper, information expert at AstraZeneca’s Charnwood research site. The pharmaceutical giant spends $3 billion every year on research and development of new treatments. Susan says, ‘it can take 15 years to bring a successful drug to market, and the chain from molecule to man is complicated and expensive. There are stages in that process when the right decisions are critical, and have to be based on full knowledge. Anything less could be a disaster – for patients, and for the company.’
AstraZeneca has a long association with the British in our printed and microform collections direct to the Library, but recently we’ve signed an agreement to researcher’s desktop. This service complements our customise the Document Supply service we provide instant electronic access, which gives customers powerful to the international research teams. Susan’s unit, searching across the most significant e-journals, and a Information Science and Library, has pioneered the direct link to full text articles already published online. development of Glides – the Global Library Integrated Delivery System – now being rolled out across Publishers’ concerns about the security of copyright AstraZeneca’s global research and development sites. material online have been answered by our groundThe system gives scientists desktop access to all the breaking partnership with Adobe™, which enables us to electronic journals licensed by AstraZeneca, and to give customers instant and secure access to e-articles, information about their onsite library collections. But and gives all parties the reassurance that their use of backing up these holdings is the British Library’s material complies with international copyright legislation. Document Supply service. Susan Publishers receive royalties for each explains, ‘scientists order research transaction, and major publishers ‘Now that the Library is articles from their desktop, and such as Elsevier, Kluwer Academic when we don’t hold what they and Mary Ann Liebert have been able to deliver secure want, the system automatically quick to sign up. electronic files from puts in an order to the British printed originals, it will Library, on the basis that if they The Library’s service brings their haven’t got it, nobody else is likely content to the attention of an make a big difference to to. The Library delivers straight to international customer base, whose us – especially for our the scientists, so they have the research needs are so varied that information quickly and efficiently. licensing electronic content from overseas sites.’ We’ve built our system to interface many different publishers is not Susan Cooper, information expert, with the Library’s, to make the practical. The ability to rely on the AstraZeneca relationship as effective as possible.’ Library to provide a wide range of e-articles on a one-off basis as they Susan is enthusiastic about the Library’s forthcoming need it is a substantial benefit to the commercial digital delivery system for printed material. ‘Our research sector. Dr Toshinobu Yamaguchi, of the Document Supply orders tend to be for articles from chemical manufacturer Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd, was printed sources. Now that the Library is able to deliver one of the first to use the service. He says, ‘we started secure electronic files from those originals, that will make to use the secure electronic delivery service because it a big difference to us – especially for our overseas sites. was fast and efficient. It’s enabled us to provide our Speed of delivery is critical to the scientists; we strive to researchers with an even better service than before. always be out in front in a rapidly moving environment, We hope the Library takes many more journals with so the information has got to be fast as well as right.’ secure electronic delivery at their earliest convenience.’ The development of this electronic delivery service has been made possible thanks to new partnerships with Xerox, Relais™ International and our agreement with the Copyright Licensing Agency. The Library can now deliver high-quality electronic files from over one hundred million articles, reports and conference papers
We’re certainly acting on Dr Yamaguchi’s request. From Autumn 2003 we’ll be able to supply 100% of our copyright-cleared requests electronically, using our secure technology. This represents a significant reinforcement of our position as the premier source of international document supply in the digital age.
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VOCAL HISTORY... The Beatles were John Evans’ favourite hit-makers when we polled visitors to our 50 Years of Number Ones exhibition. John went on to win the Gibson Les Paul Deluxe guitar in our competition.
...The British Library Sound Archive’s exhibition, 50 Years of Number Ones, attracted record numbers of visitors in celebration of the anniversary of the UK singles chart, first published by the New Musical Express in 1952. Five decades of hit singles – 946 in all – were available for listeners, who were given a chance to enter a competition to win a guitar – a Gibson Les Paul Deluxe reissue.
The winner was John Evans, a former semi-professional guitarist from North London. ‘I love the guitar, and plans are afoot for many musical reunions. I’ve been researching at the Library for the past decade, and the 50 Years of Number Ones exhibition suddenly gave the place a new angle for me.’
disabled people had a valuable contribution to make. We wanted to record the memories of the people who created Scope and made that change possible. It was a race against time: three of our interviewees have since died, but their testimony remains, so that future generations can hear them speak for themselves.
The support of the Library was important because it John has been using the Humanities and Science gave our project credibility. It brought us into contact Reading Rooms to research a book about thinking and with other oral historians who were working in related learning. He says, ‘I used to be a systems analyst, and fields and giving a voice to those who usually remain I noticed that some of the best analysts I came across unheard. Oral history is about valuing people’s were, like me, dyslexic. I found this was often true experiences. I was born with cerebral of builders, architects and others palsy, and I strongly believe that who use graphical techniques to disabled people’s experience should communicate highly complex ‘Lots of people from the content. So I began researching Reading Rooms took time be valued.’ into the new field of artificial and The Library’s Sound Archive gave natural neural networks. It seems out from their research to Chris training in oral history that three dimensional graphical don the headsets and tap techniques, and advice on structuring techniques speak the same spatial their feet. Visitors were the project, question schemes language as our neural networks.’ dancing around the sound and recording formats. The interviews he recorded have now joined the John’s been sharing his ideas with points.’ Sound Archive’s growing research public sector policy officers to help collection of oral history recordings on them develop their thinking on John Evans, researcher subjects relating to disability, medical integrating public service delivery. practice and mental health. The first application of his ideas has been in literacy teaching in prison, with people who The Library was also the venue for the launch of have had very little formal teaching, and were very Changing Society, which was published in May 2002 to resistant to standard literacy training. ‘Prisons have a celebrate the 50th Anniversary of Scope. Chris says, very high proportion of dyslexics, and working with ‘The event gave many disabled people the opportunity them I found that they were able to use graphical and to visit the building, and they were impressed by the spatial learning tools very effectively. Over a few months access and the facilities there. It also prompted them to their literacy improved, along with their self-confidence.’ come to us with their memories and their own archives, and as a result we’ve recently published another book ‘Self-confidence is vital if people are to participate fully with a Millennium Award. It’s the autobiography of Bill in the community,’ agrees Chris Davies, the editor of Hargreaves, a founder of Scope, called Can You Manage Changing Society, a book and CD based on interviews Stares?, and now we’re starting a bigger oral history with key individuals in the development of Scope, a project to record the wider life experiences of people charity for people with cerebral palsy. Chris says, ‘Scope with cerebral palsy in the 20th century.’ campaigned for a change in attitude, a recognition that
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FAITH MATTERS... Digitising Sultan Baybars’ Qur’an has enabled millions to see this superb manuscript, while our work with Camden Council is helping to build bridges between different faiths. We’ve contributed to a new directory of local places of worship, which includes the magnificent London Central Mosque in Regent’s Park.
...‘Respect. It’s crucial if diverse communities are to live and work together’, says Nina Rahel, Camden Council’s Faith Officer. ‘Understanding each other’s beliefs is one way of strengthening respect between different groups. Camden Council has been bringing together faith groups in the Borough since 1998, but after the awful events of September 2001, emphasising the common ground between religions became even more important.’
years ago has been digitised with the generous help of Nina spends her days building links between different the Noon Foundation. Visitors can explore its wonders on faiths and the Council. She says, ‘having the British our interactive Turning the Pages system in the Galleries, Library in Camden offers us a wonderful resource. We or see highlights on our website. The Prime Minister, Tony had a multi-faith tour of the John Ritblat Gallery, which Blair, said, ‘this Qur’an is an object of beauty as well as holds great treasures from many world religions. British faith, and it is excellent that the UK’s national library has Library staff were incredibly generous with their time, enabled people to appreciate such a magnificent work’. offering expertise on how these works were produced and discussing them with Camden’s faith leaders. It was Bringing the people into contact with God was the a great evening – Christians, Muslims, Jews, Hindus inspiration for the first translation of the Bible into and Zoroastrians came together to learn about each English in 1388 by John Wycliffe’s followers. The Library other’s sacred texts, all housed at the British Library, and has published a new edition of this New Testament, in we were even shown items that aren’t usually exhibited. association with the Tyndale Society. People especially loved the Turning Dr William Cooper, who transcribed the Pages display and having the ‘Faith is so important in the text into modern spelling and Library experts on hand; the event punctuation for a contemporary will certainly result in the faith the lives of many of the readership, considers the original leaders returning to the Library with communities we serve. ‘more splendid…than any of other members of their groups.’ Working with faith groups Chaucer’s writings, and perhaps of greater…significance than any other The Library provided some of those is helping to build writing that has come down to us texts for use in Camden Council’s stronger, more cohesive from the Middle Ages’. It offers ‘an directory of the places of worship communities in Camden.’ extraordinary freshness’, as one and faith-based organisations in the reviewer noted. Banned in 1401, Borough. The Library’s contribution Nina Rahel, Camden Council’s Faith Officer ownership of a Wycliffe manuscript to the directory has helped it gain was a capital offence; we should the reputation as a ‘directory that’s remember, wrote the reviewer, that ‘men died in order to actually a pleasure to read!’ It’s called Neighbours, a write these words, and their faith shows through’. directory of faith communities in Camden and includes some core facts about nine of the world’s major religions, The systematic destruction of early Bible translations and quotes from their sacred texts on the subject of makes them very rare; the Library is fortunate in having neighbourliness, and responsibilities to strangers. Copies a fine copy that was used for the transcription. The role have been distributed to community and youth groups, the Library plays in conserving such vital documents of places of worship, schools, and hospitals. Nina says, world culture was again highlighted when Dr Jeevan ‘Neighbours is in demand – we’ve reprinted it, and it’s Deol, of St John’s College, Cambridge, revealed one of been distributed as an example of good practice to all our manuscripts of the Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth council Chief Executives in the UK. If we understand Sahib, to be the oldest outside India, dating back to what motivates communities, recognise the values that c.1670. For the Sikh community, the discovery is inform their spiritual, social and even working lives, we significant because it’s estimated that up to 80 per cent can work with them more effectively to ensure that of Sikh scriptural manuscripts have disappeared over services and facilities are appropriate, and inclusive.’ the past century because of conflict and conservation problems. Throughout the millennia, faith has inspired creativity. The sacred texts in the Library are wonderful examples The Library has continued its exploration of faith with an of the heights to which individuals and societies aspire. exhibition on the Lindisfarne Gospels this year. The We aim to bring that alive in our exhibitions, displays, exhibition is complemented by an ongoing series of publications and events, and help people develop their events around the theme Faith Matters, and an understanding of the artistry and humanity that have extensive web display that includes the Lindisfarne created these masterpieces of faith. For example, the Turning the Pages. superb Qur’an created for Egypt’s Sultan Baybars 700
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Year Book British Library 2002/2003
FROM SCORE TO ENCORE... Our Mendelssohn scores are being used by Christopher Hogwood to prepare new editions of seven overtures, and local music groups like the Enfield Strings are performing a wider repertoire thanks to the Library’s support for a web catalogue of performance sets in UK music libraries.
...The Royal Philharmonic Society’s Archive has been saved for the nation following a public appeal by the Library. Launched by the celebrated pianist Mitsuko Uchida and Sir Colin Davis, Principal Conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra, the appeal raised one million pounds from individuals, trusts and foundations, including a major contribution from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The generosity of the many donors ensured that the archive remained in the UK, intact and available to researchers.
Christopher has an international reputation both as a Christopher Hogwood, renowned musicologist and scholar – this year he was made Honorary Professor conductor, is using the Society’s archive to recreate of Music by the University of Cambridge – and as a authoritative scores of seven of Mendelssohn’s practising musician. Chris Banks, Head of the Library’s Overtures. He explains, ‘the Urtext is a version of a score Music Collections, says, ‘performers will relish the new with minimal editorial interference, which gives you editions. Christopher’s research is meticulous, but the sound picture the composer was aiming for. because he’s a great player and conductor, his scholarDifferent versions of Mendelssohn’s scores exist – there ship is also informed by the demands of performance.’ are often several ‘original’ autograph manuscripts as well as corrected proofs of first printed editions, rehearsThe Royal Philharmonic Society has been supporting al and first performance scores – and from these I hope musical performance since 1813. In the past year, the I’ve got as close as possible to all the versions Library has also played a part in supporting performance that Mendelssohn considered fit to perform. With his through a grant we made to the enthusiasm for constant change UK branch of the International there will, in several cases, be more Association of Music Libraries to set than one version published.’ ‘Our local library has an up Encore! – a web catalogue of excellent music collection, performance sets in British music New scores of seven Mendelssohn Overtures under Christopher’s but Encore! shows me the libraries. editorship are being published by wonderful range of music Ceri Mann and her colleagues from Bärenreiter, starting with The Fair held in libraries all over Enfield’s Library Resources Unit order Melusine which appeared in spring scores from Encore! every day. ‘The 2003. Christopher says, ‘the Library the country, and makes music departments in many local has the earlier version of this them all available to me schools use Encore! and so do the Overture, which was first performed in Enfield.’ larger church choirs, the choral in London in 1834. Mendelssohn groups, local operatic societies and then revised it and saw it through Sally Isaacs, cellist with the Enfield the youth orchestra. They can email the press in 1836. In letters from Strings and Encore! user us, phone or call in, then we order those years he explains the process, sets from whichever participating and I’ve prefaced the edition with library in the country holds them. They’re delivered an account of that revealing period of his life.’ here, and the performers can borrow them for as long as they need. This is the first time it’s been possible The Trumpet Overture and The Hebrides (Fingal’s to locate sets from a single catalogue on the web, and Cave) are next in line for publication, and Christopher for performers to see what’s available. So it’s certainly has been working on the Library’s performance scores. broadening the range of music that’s being performed ‘Mendelssohn’s handwritten changes demonstrate around us.’ vividly his restless, self-critical instinct, as he adapts the orchestration, the dynamics and articulation to Sally Isaacs, a cellist with the Enfield Strings, is an refine out the texture of the piece, and even alters enthusiastic user. ‘We decide on possible pieces for our the larger form and the transitional passages. His music concerts, then I go onto Encore! and check if they’re suffers today from concert performances based on available. We borrow the full set of 25 string parts, and over-edited publications made after his death. The the service hardly costs us anything – which is a great revised scores will give Mendelssohn a fresh hearing, help since we’re an amateur group.’ and I hope reinvigorate our appreciation of his work.’
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Year Book British Library 2002/2003
INSPIRING TRANSFORMATIONS... Sixth Form students came to the Library to study original sources from the English Civil War during the Revolutions in History summer school. The banners of the Parliamentarians intrigued them, and Oliver Cromwell’s personal letters brought history to life.
...The Library worked with University College London (UCL) in July 2002 on an inaugural summer school, Revolutions in History. The school was run as part of UCL’s Widening Participation scheme, an outreach programme linking to state schools in the Excellence in Cities areas. The Excellence initiative aims to raise aspirations and improve opportunities, and ensure that talented students reach their full potential.
Frances is modest about her achievement. ‘John Evelyn’s so fruitful to work on. He soaks up ideas and reconciles the conflicting views of his time. That made it easy for me to characterise the age he lived in. He kept everything: his papers document so many aspects of intellectual, spiritual and political life.’ The Evelyn Archive came to the Library in 1995, when Frances was already deep into her research. ‘That was stroke of fortune. I was Jenny Chambers, now in her final year at Stockton responsible for cataloguing the archive and making Sixth Form College, County Durham, was one of 35 stuit available to scholars, even organising a conference dents selected from 200 applicants. ‘I had an amazing around it. So my working life fed into the writing and time. Staying in a hall of residence and being part of lecresearch I was doing at weekends. For the final stretch, tures and discussions really showed me what university I had a short period on secondment was about. It was great being with to Royal Holloway, under the Arts others who were so interested in ‘The curators who helped and Humanities Research Board history. It confirmed what I wanted Exchange Scheme.’ to do. I’ve had an offer now from us when we studied the UCL, so I’m concentrating on getoriginal documents were A breakthrough in the research ting the grades.’ came with the apparently unreally enthusiastic. We The students worked on major turnwere a bunch of sixth for- related acquisition of papers from the family of a Norfolk doctor. ing points, then visited the Library to mers, so I thought they Frances describes a revelation: ‘I study with the curators. Frances recognised the handwriting in a preHarris, one of the Manuscripts might be a bit remote. viously unidentified packet of Curators, worked with the group But they were great at unsigned letters, and realised that I studying the English Revolution. sharing their ideas with us.’ was reading the correspondence of ‘They were very rewarding and Margaret with her future husband, I enjoyed their company and Jenny Chambers, student attending the Sidney Godolphin. Her friendship responses. I’m looking forward to Revolutions in History Summer School with John Evelyn continued after her repeating the experience.’ For Jenny, marriage, but she died three years working with Frances was her high later, aged 26, giving birth to her only child. Years later, point. ‘I was really overwhelmed reading Cromwell’s her son gave the letters to his doctor as a keepsake. actual letters – it brought the big ideas of history to a perSuddenly, here was the evidence from the other side of sonal level.’ Margaret’s life that I needed to complete her story.’ Frances herself has been overwhelmed recently by the Frances explores the sincerity and spiritual intensity of acclaim for her latest book, Transformations of Love, the friendship between the young Margaret and which reviewers have called ‘a masterly achievement’. In the far older Evelyn, which contrasts vividly with the the Sunday Times, Lisa Jardine said it was a ‘work of hedonism and lasciviousness of the Restoration court. impeccable scholarship…(and) also a fantastically good ‘Friendship becomes a celebrated, almost sacramental read’. The book explores the friendship between John state during this period. For one thing, it allowed women Evelyn, the great English diarist, scientist and man of letto interact with men on a basis of equality and freedom, ters, and Margaret Blagge, whom he met as a young which marriage then didn’t’, she says. maid of honour in the Restoration court of Charles II. Simon McGuinness of UCL ran the summer school with the Library. ‘It was a great success and the group we brought together was very committed. We ran study sessions at the British Library, and I watched the awe on the students’ faces when they were able to handle original documents. That was an inspiring moment.’
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Year Book British Library 2002/2003
ENABLING RESEARCH... From late Victorian surgical manuals to the latest research articles, thyroidhistory.net lists all publications on thyroid conditions. Using the site helped Elisabeth Klaar identify her illness and seek treatment, with the result that she’s now able to walk again.
...The St Pancras Reading Rooms enjoyed another busy year, with over five million items consulted in the course of 407,000 reader visits. The satisfaction rate among readers - measured as those who said the service was ‘excellent’ or ‘good’ - stood at 92 per cent. We aim to deliver all material held in our basement stores to readers within 70 minutes of an order being entered on our automated request system. Our target is 90 per cent, but this year we achieved a 92 per cent success rate.
Staff were delighted by A N Wilson’s acknowledgement in his new book, The Victorians: ‘The friendliness of the staff in this stupendously well-run library is a very bright light in life. Though we, the readers, enjoy all the seemingly magic computerised catalogues and comfortable reading rooms, the books do still have to be lifted and heaved and wheeled.’
Readers who indicate that they have a disability. He says, ‘I help with the practical things: the easiest routes to the Reading Rooms and reserving special desks, for example. We’ve produced large print versions of our guides for Readers, as well as an audio guide to using the collections. The heavy oak doors of the Reading Rooms now open automatically, and other improvements include adjustable chairs and induction loops.’
We’ve recently brought more ‘magic computerised’ Edna Kyrie is a Reader who uses a wheelchair and has resources into the Reading Rooms – the number of found the Library’s staff especially helpful. ‘Getting electronic titles available has increased over the past year things off the shelves is tricky for me, and so’s by 25 per cent. Creating catalogue records for DVDs, photocopying, but staff always come online databases and e-journals so to my rescue.’ Edna compiles the researchers can find the material website thyroidhistory.net, a guide to they need is a challenge for our all the research published on the new digital cataloguing team. ‘The British Library, by diagnosis and treatment of thyroidCynthia McKinley, who’s leading the being part of a tradition related illness. She uses the Science team, says, ‘we’re working with of providing open access to Reading Rooms and says, ‘the sheer cataloguing standards that are very new, and still evolving. We’re sources of information and range of material available is Occasionally I’ve had applying them at a practical level, knowledge, has given Edna breathtaking. difficulty tracking down older then feeding back to the Task Force Kyrie, and through her, American articles, but I’ve had we’ve established with the American marvellous letters written on my Library Association to refine many others, the chance behalf by Library staff and a while the international cataloguing rules. to change their world.’ later, photocopies have magically Standards for cataloguing and appeared.’ Staff have also advised interpreting digital content have got Elisabeth Klaar, Edna on copyright law so she can be to be consistent so records can be thyroidhistory.net user confident that what she provides on shared between libraries or searched her site complies with legislation. across different databases.’ Use of these resources in the Reading Rooms is growing rapidly – the number of online articles accessed more than doubled last year and we increased the number of terminals by 20 per cent. The majority of these are networked, making online resources accessible across all Reading Rooms, regardless of subject, and so enabling inter-disciplinary research. We continue to improve access for researchers with disabilities, providing keyboards with large type and large screen monitors, and there are magnifiers and a ‘text to speech’ reader. We’re working with the RNIB to ensure that visually-impaired users can get the most out of our website. We’re also making our web-content accessible from the keyboard, for the benefit of people with disabilities that prevent them using a mouse. The Readers’ Adviser, Mark Walton, makes contact with new
Lyn Mynott, who chairs Thyroid UK, the support group for patients and their families, says, ‘thyroidhistory.net is not only a great help to patients, but also to doctors and medical students. The site is excellent for medical professionals looking for specific research articles.’ Edna Kyrie has received moving testimonials from people who have ‘got their lives back’ after seeking treatment on the basis of research found on the site. Elisabeth Klaar, for example, was suffering from an undiagnosed illness and was no longer able to walk. ’I discovered the site and was persuaded by the research to try treatment for hypothyroidism. I approached the diagnosis with caution, but what followed is a series of miracles – symptoms vanishing one-by-one, and strength and energy returning. I no longer use a wheelchair. This would never have been possible without thyroidhistory.net.’
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Year Book British Library 2002/2003
SNAKE CONSERVATION... ...Rupert Wilkey is an expert on African snakes. He’s just published the first volumes of a seven part series, A Checklist of African Snakes, a groundbreaking work aimed at ecologists, agriculturalists and the medical profession. He has worked extensively in the Map Library, and says, ‘I use the considerable collection of African maps to check locations and sightings of snakes. Geoff, Nicola, Cathy, Debbie, Sol and Carlos are extremely helpful and have assisted me greatly over the past ten years.’
The study of African snakes is important because they’re a vital part of the ecology and economy: they control the rodent population, which, if left unchecked, can reach plague proportions and devastate cereal crops. Destruction of snakes’ natural habitat, caused by agriculture, mining, deforestation for the timber trade and firewood as human settlement encroaches, seriously threatens their numbers, which can have profound implications for communities.
is field-testing a prototype CD in Malawi by capturing snakes, feeding their data into the CD and confirming he can get a good match. It’s also being tested at Blessings Hospital, a local clinic outside Lilongwe. Rupert says, ‘the CD’s getting a good response. Nothing like this has ever been done, and medical people are welcoming the initiative. It should greatly reduce the number of deaths from snake bite that happen every year.’
Knowledge about snake species and their distribution in Rupert has also made considerable use of the Science Malawi is incomplete: some species are unique to the Reading Rooms, which have, he says, ‘a fantastic range country, most have not been studied of rare reports and research papers for decades, and some had never about snakes, published in all sorts of been recorded until Rupert’s study strange places.’ He has almost ‘The most important was published. Understanding of completed production of a CD-Rom, aspect of my work is to their ecological importance is limited. A Guide to the Snakes of Malawi, make knowledge of snake As Victor Msiska, the Regional and intends to develop this to detail all 750 snake species in Africa. conservation as accessible Forestry Officer in Mzuzu, with whom Rupert has been working, as possible. The Library’s says, ‘the destruction of the natural The first edition of the CD will be disservices are excellent habitat is a major threat to the surtributed free to all the medical cenvival and conservation of our biotres in Malawi. Rupert says, ways to make sure that logical diversity. Destruction of the ‘most Malawians consider all snakes happens.’ habitat is often done by our village dangerous, and will kill them on communities in search of basic sight. Nine of the 67 species Rupert Wilkey, author of needs. Provision of information and recorded in Malawi are venomous, A Checklist of African Snakes training and small scale community including several types of cobra projects would go some way along and the Black and Green Mambas. the road to addressing the problem.’ Few medics are trained in the treatment of snake bites, and to give a victim the wrong anti-venom can Rupert’s publisher, the Richard Terrell Society, is helping be fatal.’ the Forestry Department in Malawi find ways to encourage local people to develop crops and enterprises that Medical staff will use the CD to identify the symptoms leave the forests – and the habitats – intact. It’s also of all types of snake bite, or to identify the snake from building a body of knowledge about conservation its markings, colour, fang-type or scale counts. There practices, and promoting the exchange of information are pictures of all the recorded types and features, and about local initiatives. step-by-step guides to treatment for each. Rupert
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Source Book British Library 2002/2003
The Digitised Qur’an We put the magnificent Qur’an of Sultan Baybars II onto our Turning the Pages system in our galleries, on the web and on CD-Rom. The process is complex: a curator is filmed turning the pages so we can replicate how they move – no two manuscripts are the same. Accurate wireframe Computer Assisted Design (CAD) models are created, then scans of each page are overlaid to produce a virtual book. Finally, interactivity is programmed in to allow people to turn the pages using a touch screen or mouse.
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21st Century Citizen Citizenship became part of the National Curriculum in 2002 and we launched 21st Century Citizen to support students’ research. The website, part of www.bl.uk/learning, gets them thinking about democracy, utopia, nationalism, families and crime. It is being developed with the help of teachers and students around the UK and was funded by the Government’s Invest to Save programme.
Images Online Images from our collection constantly appear on TV and websites, in books, newspapers, greetings cards and adverts. Now we’ve digitised thousands of brilliant pictures, and our Images Online website makes finding, buying and receiving them an easy matter.
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Antony Gormley’s Planets Antony Gormley, Angel of the North sculptor and Turner Prize-winner, created a new sculpture, Planets, for the Library’s piazza. It depicts human forms clinging to the surface of boulders, and its unveiling was celebrated by a specially commissioned poem from Simon Armitage. Planets was made possible by generous donations from John Ritblat and the Henry Moore Foundation.
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SUPPORT FOR THE LIBRARY FROM DONORS AND SPONSORS 2002/03 The Board and staff of the British Library are extremely grateful to the following for their generous support this year.
See how it all adds up. Our support, performance, operations, governance and financial management made clear.
Anonymous donors The Mary Andrews Charitable Foundation The Arimathea Charitable Trust A Bary The John S. Cohen Foundation Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation Dr Carl Djerassi and Professor Diane Middlebrook The Dulverton Trust Mary, Viscountess Eccles The Foyle Foundation Friends of the British Library Friends of the National Libraries Heritage Lottery Fund The International Music and Art Foundation Jerwood Charitable Foundation The Kirby Laing Foundation The Carole and Geoffrey Lawson Foundation John Lyon’s Charity The Andrew W Mellon Foundation The Mercers’ Charitable Foundation National Art Collections Fund Pearson plc The Penny Trust The Pilgrim Trust John Ritblat and the Ritblat Family The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation Mrs R Sacks Standard Chartered Bank The Staypar Charitable Trust Bernard Sunley Charitable Foundation Garfield Weston Foundation Eva Ziegler
American Trust for the British Library Chairman’s Council Mr George B Adams Mrs Charlotte P Armstrong Mr Roger S Baskes Mrs Christopher Chen Dr Paul Cushman Jr Mary, Viscountess Eccles (honorary member) Mr Ronald M. Freeman Mr William T. Golden Mr Lansing Lamont Mr William R. Miller Mr Howard Phipps, Jr Mr Edgar A. Robinson* Mr Arthur Ross Mrs Jane Gregory Rubin Mr James B. Sitrick Mr Stephen Stamas Dr Prudence L. Steiner Mrs Michael von Clemm and other members of The American Trust for the British Library * deceased
Benefactors to Adopt a Book Our thanks to all those who adopted books in 2002/03, including: Mr Sahib Ahluwalia The American School in London The American Trust for the British Library M D Boulton Ms Stephanie Brada The Canadian High Commission Mrs Ingrid FitzGerald Miss R A M Green Felicia Head Frances Hendrix Amanda Jagger Mrs Stephanie Kenna Mrs Irene Kreitman Izzy Lane Mrs J C Macleod Rebeccah Neff Martha del Nido Queenswood School Veetee Rice Ltd The Sikh Education Council Mrs Elisabeth J Stodel-Carr Miss Mary Woodhouse
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Patrons and Corporate Benefactors of the National Life Story Collection Amerada Hess Baxters of Speyside The Grocers’ Charity English Heritage Inner Temple Jerwood Foundation The John S Cohen Foundation Lord Laing London Institute (Camberwell School of Arts) London Institute (London College of Fashion) David Mann New Art Centre Sculpture Park and Trust Nicholas & Judith Goodison Charitable Trust Northern Foods Plc The Paul Hamlyn Foundation The Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art Pentagram Design Ltd PF Charitable Trust Roxanne Levy Rosoman TotalFinaElf TransOcean Unwin Charitable Trust Wolff Olins Brian F Wruble Yale Center for British Art
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Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
FUNDING AGREEMENT AND KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS The Funding Agreement is the principal sponsorship and planning document between the Department for Culture, Media and Sport and the British Library, and sets out the outputs and levels of performance that the Library is expected to deliver to achieve Ministerial objectives. This section contains the Funding Agreement indicators and the other key performance indicators used by the Library to measure performance.
Performance Against Funding Agreement Targets 2002/03 The Library’s achievements against the targets are set out in the table below. The table enables performance in 2002/03 to be compared with performance in the previous four years. Measure
Target 2002-03
Actual 2002-03
Target 2001-02
Actual 2001-02
Target 2000-01
Actual 2000-01
Target 1999-00
Actual 1999-00
Target 1998-99
Actual 1998-99
Quality Reading Room user satisfaction: percentage of Readers describing the services and facilities they used as either “excellent” or “good”
90%
92% A
89%
90%
89%
94%
n/a
89%
n/a
n/a
Exhibition visitors rating the quality of their visit as either “excellent” or “good”
98%
98%
98%
99%
n/a
98%
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
User satisfaction rating for UK remote users of Document Supply
80%
82%
85%
81%
85%
85%
85%
85%
85%
85%
the accuracy of our measures. The method for calculating Reading Room visits changed in 2002/03. We now count the number of readers who request one or more items per day rather than taking a head count at a certain time in the day. The use of this new methodology means that the figures are lower than previously reported. However experienced Reading Room staff report that the Reading Rooms are busier than ever.
2 The introduction of new interfaces has
Throughput Reading Room
1 We are constantly refining and improving
visits1
Searches of the British Library Public Catalogue2 Items supplied remotely and supplied/consulted in Reading Rooms Visits to exhibitions Number of schoolchildren attending workshops Catalogue records created3 National Curriculum learning resources available on the BL’s website and the National Grid for Learning Digital images created Pages of digitised material viewed over the web4
384,500
407,729
466,600
431,525
485,300
456,144
502,750
446,754
405,000
416,418
facilitated access to the website, and has led to increased usage.
7,200,000
8,490,040
7,500,000
6,876,148
6,000,000
6,392,259
3,900,000
5,135,658
2,340,000
3,643,008
3 The variations in cataloguing output
7,464,902
8,182,428 382,458 B
350,000 5,000
6,679 618,661C
565,000
8,967,441
8,515,227
8,927,500
8,322,223
9,420,550
8,188,357
9,036,226
8,254,442
350,000
365,792
300,000
370,188
300,000
318,429
250,000
n/a
4,950
7,604
4,950
6,436
n/a
5,985
n/a
7,866
397,544
571,711
790,980
809,331
653,984
375,870
781,733
743,212
600
975
550
906
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
500,000
527,177
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
1,000,000
4,677,049
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
7
9.01
n/a
7.58
n/a
8.47
n/a
8.62
reflect the uneven pattern of adding large quantities of derived records for retrospective holdings to the Sound Archive’s catalogue of sound recordings. Cataloguing output for other areas has increased from 273,287 in 1998/99 to 311,085 in 2002/03.
4 The initial target, set at the beginning of the year, was for viewings of three sets of digitised images available at that time on the Library’s website. During the year the Library added further sets of digitised images to the web and therefore exceeded the original target considerably. There were 1,574,972 viewings of the images for which the original target had been 1,000,000.
Efficiency Sick leave per staff member
A
9.47 D
9
READING ROOM USER SATISFACTION We have maintained a very high satisfaction rate from our Readers by taking note of feedback received through our regular surveys. Over the past year we have made improvements to benefit Readers with disabilities; we have taken action to keep noise to a minimum and we have increased the number of educational sessions to help our Readers make better use of the collections and services available to them.
B
VISITS TO EXHIBITIONS We welcomed over 16,000 more visitors than last year. In addition to our permanent gallery of major treasures, our learning gallery and our regularly changing topical displays, we ran three popular and diverse exhibitions:
C
CATALOGUE RECORDS CREATED We created 618,661 new catalogue records this year, exceeding our target by 9%. This benefits researchers and the business community who want rapid access to new publications.
D
Trading Places, the East India Company and Asia, from May to September 2002 Magic Pencil, held jointly with the British Council and featuring the work of 13 contemporary illustrators of children’s books, from November 2002 to March 2003 50 years of Number Ones, celebrating the UK pop charts, from November 2002 to March 2003.
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SICK LEAVE PER STAFF MEMBER We fell short of our sick leave target by 5% and have put in place a corporate programme to actively manage such absence.
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Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
FUNDING AGREEMENT AND KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Performance Against Other Key Performance Targets 2002/03 The Library’s achievements against its other key performance targets are set out in the table below.
Measure
Target 2002-03
Actual 2002-03
Target 2001-02
Actual 2001-02
Target 2000-01
Actual 2000-01
Target 1999-00
Actual 1999-00
Target 1998-99
Actual 1998-99
1 These figures are reported on a
£1.24m
£1.36m
£1.01m
£1.11m
£0.91m
£1.01m
£0.79m
£0.93m
n/a
£0.34m
2 These are loans to individual institutions,
cash basis.
Financial performance1 Expenditure on acquisition of digital material
not numbers of items lent. The average number of items per loan in 2002/03 was 4.
Quality Percentage of material held onsite delivered in St Pancras Reading Rooms within 70 mins
90%
92%
90%
91%
90%
85%
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
50
34
50
61
50
69
50
46
21
7
Throughput Exhibition loans to other institutions2
Books
178,000
193,430
177,523
187,324
174,700
188,113
167,900
180,146
146,500
173,717
Serial titles
110,000
106,125
107,408
112,369
129,250
118,429
110,400
98,281
109,773
107,763
Newspaper issues
179,800
175,738
185,800
172,949
189,500
181,580
189,500
188,331
208,000
187,424
2,000,000
2,051,470
1,750,000
1,992,763
1,800,000
1,736,444
1,700,000
1,748,178
1,045,000
1,806,985
164,500
165,244
168,840
172,676
212,150
160,631
269,450
182,559
269,450
230,184
1,000
1,350
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Patent specifications
Electronic titles (voluntary deposit)
1,919 A
1,600 380
355
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
61,287
61,302
62,500
57,212
72,800
58,653
77,050
65,212
51,180
45,744
438,000
437,792
444,340
475,232
368,375
427,072
391,951
403,543
367,793
377,176
96%
96%
96%
96%
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Document Supply – satisfied from stock
85%
84%
85%
83%
85%
86%
85%
85%
85%
84%
British National Bibliography ‘hit rate’
85%
89% B
85%
85%
80%
88%
80%
85%
80%
84%
Electronic titles (purchased) Reader passes issued Cataloguing backlogs4 Percentage of UK legal deposit material acquired
Efficiency
A
donation, exchange and through legal deposit.
4 The figures for 2001/02 have
Items acquired:3
Other special materials
3 Figures reflect acquisition by purchase,
ELECTRONIC TITLES (VOLUNTARY DEPOSIT) The British Library seeks new legal deposit legislation to enforce the legal deposit of publications not already covered by the current UK system of legislation for print publications. At the same time, the Library receives electronic titles through a voluntary deposit scheme with publishers. The number of items received in this way is increasing.
B
36
BRITISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ‘HIT RATE’ The ‘hit rate’ is derived from an independent survey carried out by UKOLN, the Office for Library and Information Networking at the University of Bath. It measures the availability of catalogue records from the Library’s British National Bibliography database. The figure of 89% for 2002/03 shows that 89 out of every 100 items acquired by UK libraries could be found on the British Library’s database at the time the books were about to be catalogued, thus eliminating the need for libraries to create their own records.
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been revised since publication of the 2001/02 Annual Report.
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
FACTS AND FIGURES 2002/03
FACTS AND FIGURES 2002/03
Figures illustrating the scale and breadth of the Library’s activities are set out in the following tables:
Service in the Reading Rooms
Bibliographic Services 1 This includes seating for typing, the
Seats available for users (at 31 March 2003) Humanities 1&2 Reading Rooms Rare Books and Music Reading Room Maps Reading Room Oriental and India Office Reading Room Manuscripts Reading Room Philatelic Collections Science,Technology and Innovation Reading Rooms Newspaper Library (Colindale) Boston Spa Reading Room Total
Reader desks
Other provision1
424 280 37 74 72 1 228 77 76
88 80 21 44 21 0 135 76 11
1,269
476
Other Reader services Reader education: training session attendees Readers’ Adviser service2: number of contacts Reader satisfaction: comments forms/letters received
2002-03
2001-02
1,041 473 1,577
591 n/a 1,457
Storage Kilometres of shelving and percentage occupied Working capacity: linear km3 Extent of collection: linear km3,4 Percentage fullness
2002-03
2001-02
651 599 92%
649 594 91.5%
Library’s Online Catalogue and other catalogues, microform, Internet and CD-ROM access and study carrels.
2 The Readers’ Adviser supports readers with disabilities. This figure includes all emails, fax, telephone and personal contacts. The method for calculating the number of contacts has been changed and comparable figures are unavailable for 2001/02.
3 2002/03 was year two of a three year programme to make the most efficient use of the Library’s storage and extend the working capacity to accommodate an additional year’s growth. This followed on from a major exercise carried out during 2001/02 to re-assess both the working capacity and the ‘extent of the collection’. The working capacity increased by 2 linear kms in 2002/03 when storage space formerly allocated to the Booknet service (which ceased operations) was reallocated to collection storage. During 2002/03 the gross increase in the extent of the material acquired by the Library was 10.8 km. The net increase in the extent of the collection was reduced to 5.1 km through the ‘de-accessioning’ at Boston Spa of duplicate material and the subsequent move of stock to release a block of useable storage space.
4 ‘Extent of collection’ stands for the linear length of the solid stock, plus the associated growth spaces without which the collection could not be used and added to effectively.
Website Usage Use of the Library’s website5 Unique hosts served6 Successful requests for pages (page hits)
2002-03
2001-02
1,815,805 18,427,973
1,370,689 15,240,617
1 These databases are available on the
Records in British Library catalogues and databases (as at 31 March 2003)
Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED) British National Bibliography (BNB) Boston Spa Books1 Boston Spa Conferences1 Boston Spa Serials1 British Library Catalogue1 Sound Archive Catalogue2,3 English Short Title Catalogue Humanities and Social Sciences1 Incunable Short Title Catalogue Electronic table of contents3,4 International Standard Serial Numbers (ISSN) UK Centre Manuscripts3 Maps Music1 Newspapers3 Register of Preservation Surrogates Science, Technology and Business1 System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe1 Total5
2002-03
2001-02
167,674 2,105,761 1,417,182 459,833 621,505 4,436,433 2,806,057 368,760 2,617,645 29,021 c. 20,981,000 69,579 748,250 212,444 278,025 51,972 187,724 399,990 828,579
141,581 2,007,966 1,338,083 445,906 612,960 4,420,450 2,642,255 368,760 2,469,239 29,021 c. 18,750,000 66,747 740,263 211,217 271,915 51,659 178,043 392,168 780,271
38,787,434
35,918,504
Items received on legal deposit 2002-03
2001-02
Monographs Serial issues Maps and atlases Music scores Newspaper issues Playscripts
100,671 296,657 2,169 1,549 152,643 421
95,671 271,548 1,994 1,934 154,645 466
Total
554,110
526,258
47,069 83,997
45,633 112,024
5 The website provides a comprehensive guide to the Library’s collection and services. The site is available at www.bl.uk.
Serial titles received Claims for items not deposited6
6 ‘Unique hosts served’ is the best approximation available to the number of individual users of the website.
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British Library Public Catalogue on our website.
2 The Sound Archive’s catalogue of sound recordings is also known as Cadensa.
3 Available on the Library’s website. 4 Titles of articles and conference papers made available through the Inside and Zetoc services.
5 The total does not represent the number of unique records. There is significant overlap between some files e.g. BNB and Humanities and Social Sciences.
6 Titles received by the end of the year.
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
FACTS AND FIGURES 2002/03 Figures illustrating the scale and breadth of the Library’s activities are set out in the following tables:
Collection development 1 The figure for monographs is based on
Holdings (at 31 March 2003)
the number of records in the relevant catalogues. It therefore relates to the number of titles rather than to the number of volumes held.
2003
Monographs1 Serial titles (all)2 Newspaper titles (all)3 Manuscripts (single and volumes) India Office records Philatelic items Cartographic items Music scores Sound discs Sound tape items Videograms Prints and drawings Photographs Patent specifications Reports in microform4 Theses
9,975,512 802,656 55,289 311,045 271,000 8,209,559 4,290,080 1,587,067 1,244,372 214,442 24,550 32,587 213,159 51,633,821 8,000,000 656,920
2 The figure for serial titles is also based on the number of records in the relevant catalogues. Changes of title are therefore counted as separate titles. However, the figure includes official publications for many countries, a significant proportion of which are issued in series and are therefore covered by single records within the catalogues.
3 The figure for newspaper titles includes all items on the Newspaper catalogue (as well as newspaper titles listed in other catalogues) and therefore also includes weekly and fortnightly magazines as well as newspapers.
Preservation
4 A comprehensive survey of the Library’s
Preservation funding £m (gross)
Grant in aid Donations/external funds Sales income Total
2002-03
2001-02
6.21 0.15 0.34
6.46 0.07 0.26
6.7
6.79
2002-03
2001-02
11,333 86,367 35,340 37,580 14,054
10,902 84,227 25,170 127,318 15,526
184,674
263,143
10,849
9,609
Items preserved Conservation and/or rebinding New binding Minor repairs Boxing/other work5 Preservation microfilming
microform reports holdings, not undertaken for several years, has resulted in a more accurate estimate than was available previously. The figure quoted in the 2001/02 report was 4,505,019.
5 ‘Other work’ covers miscellaneous programmes and year-on-year fluctuations of outputs are significant due to the wide range of programmes covered. The ‘Vocal Music Parts’ project produced high throughput in 2001/02.
6 Details for work summarised against preservation microfilming line of ‘Items preserved’ table above.
7 Figures for last year restated. Total Book cleaning/linear metres
Preservation microfilming6 2002-03
2001-027
Newspapers Books, periodicals, record volumes, manuscripts8
13,031,509 2,603,416
13,829,403 3,442,888
Total
15,634,925
17,272,291
Frames
40
8 There has been a change in priorities for the programmes undertaken over 2001/02 and 2002/03 which has led to fewer frames for books, periodicals, record volumes and manuscripts in 2002/03.
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
THE BOARD AND EXECUTIVE TEAM
The Board
Executive Team
The British Library Board is ultimately responsible for the development of Library strategy and policy and for overseeing its execution by management.
The Executive Team has responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Library.
Under the terms of the British Library Act 1972, the Board comprises a Chairman appointed by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport and not less than eight, nor more than thirteen, other members of whom one is appointed by HM the Queen and the remainder by the Secretary of State. Ministerial appointments to the British Library Board are subject to the Code of Practice and detailed guidance of the Commissioner for Public Appointments.
Deputy Chairman Professor Michael Anderson OBE FBA FRSE The University of Edinburgh Chief Executive Lynne Brindley MA FCILIP FRSA Sir Henry Boyd-Carpenter KCVO MA (appointed by HM the Queen) Formerly Senior Partner, Farrer and Co. Professor Linda Colley FRHistS FBA London School of Economics and Political Science
Chief Executive Lynne Brindley MA FCILIP FRSA NEW BOARD MEMBERS
MEMBERSHIP at 31 MARCH 2003 Chairman The Rt Hon Lord Eatwell of Stratton St Margaret MA PhD
MEMBERSHIP at 31 MARCH 2003
CG Rodney Leach MA Director, Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd Secretary to the Board Ian Millar BSc IPFA Director, Finance and Corporate Resources Simon Olswang BA Econ Solicitor, Attorney at Law (California) Formerly Chairman, Olswang Professor Dame Jessica Rawson DBE DLitt FBA Warden, Merton College John Ritblat FRICS Chairman, British Land Company plc
Assistant Secretary to the Board Andrew Stephens BSc Head, Corporate Secretariat
Professor Robert G Burgess PhD Vice Chancellor, University of Leicester Sheila Forbes CBE Civil Service Commissioner, Chair of the Board of Governors of Thames Valley University Duncan Lewis MA Senior Policy Adviser, The Carlyle Group
In accordance with the recommendations of the Nolan Committee, the Library maintains a register of interests of Members of the Board. The register will be made available for inspection on application to the Secretary to the Board, who can also provide copies of the information it contains.
Director, Finance and Corporate Resources Ian Millar BSc IPFA Director, Scholarship and Collections Dr Clive Field MA DPhil FRHistS Director, Operations and Services Natalie Ceeney MA FRSA Director, Strategic Marketing and Communications Jill Finney BA MBA Director, e-Strategy and Information Systems Richard Boulderstone BSc Director, Human Resources Andy Cook Secretary to the Executive Team Hannah Jenkins BA
Advisory and support bodies During 2002 the British Library commissioned an independent review of its corporate governance and advisory arrangements with the aim of ensuring that these meet best practice for a public institution of our size. The review recommended inter alia that the Library’s existing formal advisory framework should be reformed.
The British Library is now working to establish a new advisory framework comprising a re-constituted British Library Advisory Council to advise the British Library Board. The new structure will be in place by the end of 2003.
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Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
In the year 2002/3 the British Library received £85.19 million Grant in Aid from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. This was made up of its operational Grant in Aid of £82.7 million and £2.4 million for restructuring. In addition the Department held £5.7m of funding which the Library will apply to the construction of a Centre for Conservation to the north of our Library building at St Pancras. Plans for this project were developed during the year with a view to starting construction in January 2005. Lord Eatwell Chairman
The Library’s other income, £34 million, increased by 5.4 per cent. The largest revenue earning service is Document Supply where revenue dropped by 2.4 per cent against 2001/02, but overall margins were maintained at last year’s levels.
Lynne Brindley Chief Executive
On 1 August 2002 the British Library Pension Scheme was closed and existing members and pensioners were transferred to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme. From this date the PCSPS takes on liability for payment of all pensions, with the Library taking responsibility for payment of employer contributions to the PCSPS.
Dr Clive Field Director, Scholarship and Collections
Natalie Ceeney Director, Operations and Services
Ian Millar Director, Finance and Corporate Resources
Jill Finney Director, Strategic Marketing and Communications
Richard Boulderstone Director, e-Strategy and Information Systems
Andy Cook Director, Human Resources
44 Foreword 45 Statement of the Board and
Accounting Officer’s Responsibilities 46 Statement on the System of Internal Control
Scholarship and Collections
Strategic Marketing and Communications
Responsible for strategic and operational management of the Library’s collections, in all formats and at all stages of the life-cycle, including selection, acquisition, cataloguing, processing, storage and preservation. Also responsible for the provision of a wide range of value added services to facilitate access to, interpretation and use of the collections by both scholarly and general audiences.
Responsibilities include developing the marketing strategy for our key communities of users, taking forward the Library’s brand strategy and implementing it through design, marketing and publishing. Also responsible for internal communications and fundraising, as well as cooperative programmes with partners to extend the reach of the Library.
Operations and Services Responsibilities include providing the full range of Library services, including Reading Rooms and Document Supply, to all our user sectors across humanities, research, business use and innovation. Responsible for securing partnerships with publishers to enable distribution of material, plus promoting the sale of Library services.
Finance and Corporate Resources In addition to financial management, responsibilities include corporate governance and risk management; co-ordinating strategy and developing business plans; and the maintenance and development of the Library’s estate. Ian Millar is also a member of the British Library Board.
47 The Certificate and Report of the Comptroller
and Auditor General to the House of Parliament 48 The Accounts 52 Notes to the Accounts
e-Strategy and Information Systems Responsibilities include: the effective development, integration, and delivery of all e and IT functions; the development and implementation of e and IT strategies for digital media; services, projects and programmes; managing the delivery of the e-strategy and the IT change programme; leading the development of e-business methods and tools.
Human Resources Responsibilities include: devising and implementing the Library’s people policies; negotiating pay and terms and conditions with the Trades Unions; providing advice on HR issues to line managers; leading on strategic projects to modernise the Library’s people management policies and procedures; and developing the skill base of the Library’s staff and managers.
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Record Book British Library 2002/2003
FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
In the year 2002/3 the British Library received £85.19 million Grant in Aid from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. This was made up of its operational Grant in Aid of £82.7 million and £2.4 million for restructuring. In addition the Department held £5.7m of funding which the Library will apply to the construction of a Centre for Conservation to the north of our Library building at St Pancras. Plans for this project were developed during the year with a view to starting construction in January 2005. The Library’s other income, £34 million, increased by 5.4 per cent. The largest revenue earning service is Document Supply where revenue dropped by 2.4 per cent against 2001/02, but overall margins were maintained at last year’s levels. On 1 August 2002 the British Library Pension Scheme was closed and existing members and pensioners were transferred to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme. From this date the PCSPS takes on liability for payment of all pensions, with the Library taking responsibility for payment of employer contributions to the PCSPS.
44 Foreword 45 Statement of the Board and
Accounting Officer’s Responsibilities 46 Statement on the System of Internal Control 47 The Certificate and Report of the Comptroller
and Auditor General to the House of Parliament 48 The Accounts 52 Notes to the Accounts
43
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
FOREWORD
STATEMENT OF THE BOARD AND ACCOUNTING OFFICER’S RESPONSIBILITIES
Constitution
Pensions
The British Library was established under Section 1(1) of the British Library Act 1972 (the Act) as the national library of the United Kingdom. Section 1(2) of the Act placed it under the control and management of the British Library Board, the duty of which is to manage the Library as a national centre for reference, study and bibliographical and other information services, in relation both to scientific and technological matters and to the humanities. The British Library has exempt charitable status.
During 2002/03 the Library transferred existing members and eligible employees to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme (PCSPS) under the same terms and conditions as apply to the British Library Pension Scheme (BLPS). Further details can be found on page 55 at note 6a.
Objectives Under Sections 1(3) and 1(4) of the Act the Board is required to make the services of the British Library available to the public (in particular to institutions of education and learning, other libraries and industry). It may carry out and sponsor research, contribute to the expenses of library authorities or other persons providing library facilities, and make any part of its collections, or of its premises, available in connection with events of an educational, literary or cultural nature. Under Section 2, the Schedule to the Act empowers the Board to impose charges for any services provided or for the loan or use of any item from its collections subject to the approval of the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.
Board Membership Details of Board members who served between 1 April 2002 and 31 March 2003 are as published on page 41.
Accounting Conventions The basis on which the accounts have been prepared is stated on page 52 at note 1a.
Financial Results The Accounts provide a Statement of the Financial Activities (SOFA) of the Board during the year ended 31 March 2003. In accordance with Section 5(1) of the Act, as amended by Statutory Instrument 1986 No 600, the Secretary of State paid to the Board such sums as were necessary to defray expenses incurred with his approval, so far as those expenses exceeded the receipts derived from the exercise of the Board’s functions and applied in such manner as required by Section 5(2) of the Act. The Accounts have been prepared to take account of the Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) 2000 “Accounting for Charities”. A Statement of Financial Activities for the year is set out on page 51. This shows all resources made available to the British Library Board and all expenditure incurred by it and reconciles all changes in its funds.
Reserves The Library’s policy on reserves is disclosed on page 53 at note 1k.
The British Library’s Management Statement and Financial Memorandum with DCMS sets out the roles and responsibilities of the Board, the Chair and the Accounting Officer. It includes the following points:
Board members have a corporate responsibility to the Secretary of State for ensuring that the Library fulfils the aims and objectives set out in legislation and complies with any statutory or administrative requirements for the use of public funds.
The Chair is responsible to the Secretary of State, on behalf of the Board, for ensuring that where appropriate the Library’s policies are consistent with those of the Secretary of State, and that the Library’s affairs are conducted with probity. (S)he will ensure that all members of the Board, when taking up office, are fully briefed on the terms of their appointment and on their other duties, rights and responsibilities. (S)he is responsible for advising the Secretary of State of the needs of the Library with a view to ensuring a proper balance of professional and financial expertise.
Equal Opportunities The British Library Board is an equal opportunities employer and is committed to promoting diversity. A full time Diversity Manager is now in post. The Library’s policy for training, career development and promotion are in line with its equal opportunities policy and in this regard disabled employees are treated the same as all other staff with respect to their aptitudes and abilities. The Library aims to develop an adaptable, well motivated and well trained staff, possessing a complex blend of knowledge and skills in managerial, technical, scholarly and specialist disciplines.
Communications with employees The Library is committed to developing effective communications between all employees in order to keep them informed, motivated and able to support the Library’s users. Main communications channels include a staff newsletter, team briefing system and employee Intranet.
Key Objectives Details of the Library’s strategic priorities can be found on pages 10 to 12.
Payment of creditors
The Accounting Officer is personally responsible for safeguarding the public funds for which (s)he has charge, for propriety and regularity in the handling of those public funds and for the day-to-day operations and management of the Library. (S)he should act in accordance with the terms of the Management Statement and Financial Memorandum and with the instructions and guidance in Government Accounting and other instructions and guidance issued from time to time by the Department, the Treasury and the Cabinet Office – in particular, the Treasury documents The Responsibilities of an NDPB Accounting Officer and Regularity and Propriety.
It is the policy of the British Library Board to pay all creditors within 30 days of the invoice date unless there is a specific payment date agreed with the supplier. For the year ended 31 March 2003, 90% of invoices were paid within 30 days (2002 - 92%). Compliance in this matter is in accordance with the Better Payment Practice Code.
Related Transactions Details of related party transactions are disclosed on page 64 at note 23.
Lord Eatwell Chairman June 27 2003
Lynne Brindley Accounting Officer June 27 2003
Code of best practice on corporate governance A Statement of Internal Control is included on page 46 and the Library has achieved full compliance in this respect, as at March 2003.
The British Library Board generated total income of £119.21m, of which Grant in Aid received was £85.19m. Sales income declined from £28.29m in the previous year to £27.07m, the majority of this being due to a decrease in the revenue generated from Document Supply. However, margins for this service were maintained at last year’s levels. There was a net increase in the movement of funds in the year of £16.09m. This was an increase of £9.72m on the unrestricted funds and an increase of £6.37m on the restricted funds. The excess of income over expenditure of £9.07m before St Pancras depreciation and movements between revenue funds was principally a consequence of the fixed assets purchased during the year of £5.69m and the £3m receipt in respect of the Shaw fund.
Lord Eatwell Chairman June 27 2003
44
Lynne Brindley Accounting Officer June 27 2003
45
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
STATEMENT ON THE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL CONTROL
THE CERTIFICATE AND REPORT OF THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL TO THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
In line with the responsibilities as set out above, the Chair, on behalf of the Board, is responsible for ensuring that appropriate arrangements exist to implement and maintain the Library’s internal control framework. The Accounting Officer is responsible for making sure that a sound system of internal control exists and is maintained and that the public funds and assets for which we are personally responsible are safeguarded in accordance with the responsibilities assigned to us in Government Accounting; and ensuring compliance with the requirements of the British Library’s Management Statement and Financial Memorandum.
In the coming year the Library intends to develop the process still further by undertaking the following:
I have audited the financial statements in accordance with the British Library Act 1972. These financial statements have been prepared in the form directed by the Secretary of State for the Departments for Culture, Media and Sport and approved by the Treasury. The financial statements cover the Summary income and expenditure account, the Statement of total recognised gains and losses, the Stament of Financial Activities, the Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement and related notes, and have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of certain fixed assets and the accounting policies note.
Basis of audit opinion
The system of internal control is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve policies, aims and objectives; it can therefore only provide reasonable and not absolute assurance of effectiveness.
The Library has an internal audit service, which operates to Government Internal Audit Standards. They submit regular reports which include the Head of Internal Audit’s independent opinion on the adequacy and effectiveness of the Library’s system of internal control based on the programme of work approved by the Board Audit Committee, together with recommendations for improvement.
Respective responsibilities of the Board, the Chief Executive and the Auditors
Opinion
The system of internal control is based on an on-going process designed to identify the principal risks to the achievement of policies, aims and objectives, to evaluate the nature and extent of those risks and to manage them efficiently, effectively and economically. The procedures necessary to implement the Treasury guidance set out in DAO 13/00 were fully established at 31 March 2003 as envisaged in last year’s statement and are being applied in full in financial year 2003/04. They will be kept under review and updated as necessary. As envisaged in last year’s annual report specific steps were taken in 2002/03 to achieve compliance and these included:
A full review of the Corporate Risk Register by the Executive Team to ensure appropriate coverage of the Library’s strategic aims. This review was facilitated by the Library’s internal auditors and endorsed by both the Board Audit Committee and the full Board; Reference to the main risks to the achievement of our objectives in the Library’s Business Plan and this forms part of the monitoring process we have introduced; Directorate risks are reviewed on a monthly basis to support and inform the higher level Executive Team process. In addition a quarterly and monthly review by Executive Team has been introduced with the results of this reported to the Board Audit Committee and the Board; Continuation of the development of the approach to embedding risk management as part of day to day management through a series of workshops and training sessions with key groups. The appointment of a Head of Estates Risk and the confirmation of an IT Security Officer with risk identification and management as a main part of their role have further consolidated the approach in these two areas; The refocusing of the internal audit approach during the year to develop a programme based around risk while maintaining a balanced approach with regard to control assurance.
A review of the full register against the Library’s Business Plan objectives and key performance indicators to ensure that it still reflects an accurate and balanced position and that all risk events have been actively reviewed each quarter; Reports on the main exceptions and the results of the quarterly Executive Team review to the Board Audit Committee and the Board on the same timescale; A review of risk by Directorates and a progress report on an exception basis to Executive Team each month; A full review of the risk register in the course of the planning cycle to make sure that longer term impacts are reflected; Continuing to work with Internal Audit to develop managers’ awareness of risk and to streamline the risk assessment and monitoring approach by means of a rolling programme of workshops and presentations; The inclusion of risk awareness as a competency requirement within the context of the Learning and Development programme.
The effectiveness of the system of internal control is informed by the work of the internal auditors and the executive managers within the Library who have responsibility for the development and maintenance of the internal control framework, and comments made by the external auditors in their management letter and other reports. In addition the Directors support the Accounting Officer in her role by monitoring and developing the internal control framework in their own areas in line with corporate aims and the governance framework set out in the Library’s Management Statement and Financial Memorandum with DCMS and with Government Accounting. To this end each Director signs a personal statement of compliance covering the areas under their control. The Board gain assurance in their role from the work of the various subCommittees, particularly the Board Audit Committee, which considers governance and internal control matters including all internal audit reports, external audit management letters and other reports, at each of its meetings and reports to the Board following those meetings. The terms of reference of the Board Audit Committee are based on the “Audit Committee Model Terms of Reference” published by HM Treasury.
Lord Eatwell Chairman 27 June 2003
46
Lynne Brindley Accounting Officer 27 June 2003
I conducted my audit in accordance with United Kingdom Auditing Standards issued by the Auditing Practices Board. An audit includes examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. It also includes an assessment of the significant estimates and judgements made by the Board and the Chief Executive of the British Library in the preparation of the financial statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Library, consistently applied and adequately disclosed. I planned and performed my audit so as to obtain all the information and explanations which I considered necessary in order to provide me with sufficient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by error or by fraud or other irregularity and that, in all material respects, the expenditure, income and resources funded by Grant in Aid have been applied to the purposes intended by Parliament and the financial transactions conform to the authorities which govern them. In forming my opinion I also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the financial statements.
As described in Statement of Board and Accounting Officer’s Responsibilities the Board and the Chief Executive of the British Library, as Accounting Officer, are responsible for the preparation of financial statements and for ensuring the regularity of financial transactions funded by Parliamentary grant (“Grant in Aid”). The Board and the Chief Executive of the British Library are also responsible for the preparation of other contents of the Annual Report. My responsibilities, as independent auditor, are guided by the Auditing Practices Board and the auditing profession’s ethical guidance. I have been appointed as auditor in accordance with the British Library Act 1972 and directions made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
In my opinion: the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the British Library at 31 March 2003 and of the incoming resources and application of resources for the year then ended and have been properly prepared in accordance with the British Library Act 1972 and directions made thereunder by the Secretary of State for Culture Media and Sports; and in all material respects the expenditure, income and resources funded by Grant in Aid have been applied to the purposes intended by Parliament and the financial transactions conform to the authorities which govern them. I have no observations to make on these financial statements.
I report my opinion as to whether the financial statements give a true and fair view and are properly prepared in accordance with and the directions made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, and whether in all material respects the expenditure, income and resources funded by Grant in Aid have been applied to the purposes intended by Parliament and the financial transactions conform to the authorities which govern them. I also report if, in my opinion, the other contents of the report are not consistent with the financial statements, if the Library has not kept proper accounting records, or if I have not received all the information and explanations I require for my audit.
John Bourn Comptroller and Auditor General 7 July 2003
I read the other information contained in the Annual Report and consider whether it is consistent with the audited financial statements. I consider the implications for my report if I become aware of any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the financial statements.
National Audit Office 157-197 Buckingham Palace Road Victoria London SW1W 9SP
I review whether the statement on the system of internal financial control reflects the Library’s compliance with Treasury’s guidance “Corporate governance: statement on the system of internal financial control”. I report if it does not meet the requirements specified by Treasury, or if the statement is misleading or inconsistent with other information I am aware of from my audit of the financial statements.
Supplementary Statement by the Comptroller and Auditor General The maintenance and integrity of the British Library website is the responsibility of the Accounting Officer; my work does not involve consideration of these matters and accordingly I accept no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements since they were initially presented on the web site.
47
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
SUMMARY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES
For the year ended 31 March 2003
For the year ended 31 March 2003
Notes
Total income of continuing operations Operating expenditure Operating surplus / (deficit) on revenue income and expenditure before St Pancras depreciation and movements between revenue funds Depreciation on St Pancras assets (full year) Transfer into restricted funds
11 17
Operating surplus / (deficit) on revenue income and expenditure
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
119,212 110,140
120,900 112,296
9,072
8,604
(12,146) 4,982
(14,007) 523
1,908
(4,880)
Notes
Unrestricted funds
Restricted funds £000
Total 2002-03 £000
Total 2001-02 £000
£000
102 27,068 468 85,187
6,060 327 -
6,162 27,068 795 85,187
3,283 28,290 710 88,617
112,825
6,387
119,212
120,900
396 272
-
396 272
239 448
37,912 14,445 35,008 6,103 2,832 4,846 3,053 1,496
1,163 1,034 7 1,034 6 44 455 34
39,075 15,479 35,015 7,137 2,838 4,890 3,508 1,530
38,229 14,826 37,948 6,077 3,527 5,133 3,988 1,881
6
106,363
3,777
110,140
112,296
7
6,462 (12,146)
2,610 -
9,072 (12,146)
8,604 (14,007)
8
(5,684) (28,048)
2,610 -
(3,074) (28,048)
(5,403) (27,267)
(33,732) 28,048
2,610 -
(31,122) 28,048
(32,670) 27,267
9 17
(5,684) -
2,610 4,982
(3,074) 4,982
(5,403) 523
17 17 11
(5,684) 15,399
7,592 (181) (1,039) -
1,908 (181) (1,039) 15,399
(4,880) 40 (43) 16,938
Fund balances brought forward at 1 April
9,715 456,804
6,372 3,912
16,087 460,716
12,055 448,661
Fund balances carried forward at 31 March
466,519
10,284
476,803
460,716
Incoming resources Donations, legacies and similar incoming resources Trading activities in furtherance of the charity’s objectives Investment income Grant in Aid
2 3 4 5
Total incoming resources
Resources expended Costs of generating funds Grants payable in furtherance of the charity’s objectives Costs in furtherance of the charity’s objectives: Collection Management Collection Development Access to Collection Wider Public Access Bibliographic Services Reference / Information Services Leadership, Partnership & Co-operation Management and Administration
All of the British Library’s activities are derived from continuing operations.
STATEMENT OF TOTAL RECOGNISED GAINS AND LOSSES For the year ended 31 March 2003
Total resources expended
Net increase in resources before St Pancras depreciation and notional costs Depreciation on St Pancras assets Notes
Operating surplus / (deficit) on revenue income and expenditure Current cost adjustment Realised gain / (loss) Unrealised loss
11 17 17
Total recognised gains for the year
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
1,908 15,399 (181) (1,039)
(4,880) 16,938 40 (43)
16,087
12,055
Net decrease in resources after St Pancras depreciation Notional cost of capital
Net outgoing resources after notional costs Reversal of notional cost of capital
Net outgoing resources before transfers Transfer into restricted fund
Net movement in funds
The notes on pages 52 to 64 form part of these accounts.
Realised loss Unrealised loss Current cost adjustment
Net movement in funds after revaluation
All recognised gains and losses are included within the Statement of Financial Activities and all the Library’s activities are classed as continuing. The notes on pages 52 to 64 form part of these accounts.
48
49
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
BALANCE SHEET
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
As at 31 March 2003
For the year ended 31 March 2003
Notes
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
777 455,898 3,592
449,021 146
460,267
449,167
953 11,048 207 16,832
769 10,582 9 12,674
29,040
24,034
Fixed assets Intangible assets Tangible assets Investments
10 11 12
Current assets Stocks Debtors and prepayments Short term deposits Cash at bank and in hand
14 15
Notes £000
2001-02 £000
Net movement in funds inflow Depreciation Loss on asset disposals Realised loss on investments Unrealised loss on investments MHCA adjustment net Increase in stocks Increase in debtors Increase / (decrease) in creditors
16,087 13,366 49 15 23 (15,399) (184) (466) 19
12,055 15,178 27 (16,938) (409) (5,253) (606) 13,510
4,054
Capital expenditure and financial investment
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
(12,504)
(12,485)
Net current assets Total assets less current liabilities
16,536 476,803
11,549 460,716
Net assets
476,803
460,716
16
Represented by:
Purchase of intangible fixed assets Purchase of tangible fixed assets Purchase of investments Receipts from sale of tangible fixed assets Transfer of investments from endowment fund and trust fund accounts Receipts from sales of investments
12
Net cash outflow from capital expenditure
Income funds
Total funds
17
10,284
3,912
17 17
466,499 20
456,784 20
476,803
460,716
(1,632) 13
(3,516) 40
(143) (1,762)
4,356
2,292
Increase in cash in the year Net funds as at 1 April
4,356 12,683
2,292 10,391
Net funds as at 31 March
17,039
12,683
Reconciliation of net cash flow to movement in net funds
The notes on pages 52 to 64 form part of these accounts. Net funds comprise cash at bank and in hand and short term deposits. The financial statements on pages 48 to 51 were approved by the Board/Trustees on 27 June 2003, and were signed on their behalf by:
Lynne Brindley Accounting Officer 27 June 2003
50
(802) (4,888) (8) 20
(9,154)
Increase in cash in the year
Restricted funds Unrestricted funds: General funds Donated asset reserve
Lord Eatwell Chairman 27 June 2003
£000
Reconciliation of net movement in funds to net cash inflow from operating activities
Net cash inflow from operating activities
Current liabilities
2002-03 £000
51
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
1 Accounting Policies
1 Accounting Policies (continued)
a) Accounting convention The Accounts have been prepared in accordance with the accounts direction given by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport with the approval of the Treasury, in accordance with Section 5(3) of the British Library Act 1972. A copy of the accounts direction can be obtained from The British Library, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB. Accordingly, the Accounts have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of land and buildings and take account of the Statement of Recommended Practice “Accounting and Reporting by Charities,” issued October 2000, (the “SORP”), the Charities Act 1993, the Charities (Accounting and Reports) Regulations 1995 and generally accepted accounting practice so far as considered appropriate or as modified by Treasury guidance. In addition, modified historic cost accounting has been utilised to more fairly represent the current cost of the Library’s most significant assets, where the comparison with historic values shows a material difference. b) Incoming resources Grant in Aid received from the DCMS is allocated to unrestricted funds in the year to which it relates. Trading income is recorded on an accruals basis and is shown net of Value Added Tax. Donations are included in the Statement of Financial Activities on a cash received basis, or where they are assured with certainty and receivable by the Balance Sheet date. Investment income relates to interest received on daily bank balances and dividends from the Fixed Asset Investments. These are recorded on an accruals basis. c) Taxation The British Library has no sources of income liable to corporation tax and no provision has therefore been made. d) Valuations In line with Government Accounting, regular professional valuations of land and property are required to be carried out, having regard to the importance of the estate to the operation of the department, but in any event, at least once in every five years. Such a valuation was undertaken as at 31 March 1999 and in addition, the St Pancras property was revalued as at 31 March 2000. e) Depreciation The threshold for capitalising assets is £10,000. In accordance with Executive NDPB Annual Reports and Accounts Guidance, additions to the collection acquired since 1 April 2001 are capitalised and recognised in the Balance Sheet. The cost or value of the acquisition is used, where such a cost or valuation is reasonably obtainable. Such items are not depreciated or revalued as a matter of routine. Collection items with values below the capitalisation threshold are written off when the expenditure is incurred.
Depreciation is provided on all intangible and tangible fixed assets costing £10,000 and above, other than freehold land and collection items. Depreciation rates are calculated to write off the cost or valuation of each asset, less estimated residual value, evenly over its expected useful life, as follows:
k) Reserves The Library does not hold accumulated surpluses in the form of reserves. Grant in Aid funding is provided on an annual basis and is drawn down according to forecasted spending patterns.
l) Notional costs In accordance with Treasury guidance a notional cost of capital is charged to the Statement of Financial Activities (SOFA) in arriving at a net incoming/(outgoing) resources figure. This cost is reversed so that no provision is included on the Balance Sheet.
Freehold buildings – over the remaining useful life as at the valuation date, up to a maximum of 50 years.
Any funds arising from an excess of income over expenditure are fully earmarked in the purchase of fixed assets or are fully earmarked to meet commitments in 2003/04 and 2004/05.
Leasehold buildings – over the lease term, up to a maximum of 25 years.
2 Donations
Plant & machinery, office and computer equipment – 3 to 10 years.
Donations received in the year include a £3,000,000 receipt in respect of the Shaw Fund, this disbursement having been approved by the Charity Commission.
Motor vehicles – 4 years.
All items of plant and machinery at St Pancras are now depreciated on a consistent basis over 10 years. Previously some items had been depreciated over 5 years. This accounts for the reduction in St Pancras depreciation noted on the financial statements. f) Government grant Grant in Aid from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport is allocated to general purposes and is taken to the Statement of Financial Activities and recognised in the appropriate period.
3 Trading Income Trading income includes document supply services and associated activities, computer information search and retrieval and publications. Trading income can be further analysed by both business and geographical segments. a)
g) Stocks Stocks are stated at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Provision is made against slow-moving and obsolete stock. Any stocks of consumables held are considered written off at the time of purchase. Stocks held in respect of bookbinding activities are recorded at cost. As this stock is not of a general nature it would not be cost effective to test the realisable value in determining which provides the lower valuation. h) Foreign currencies Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at the year end. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the rate ruling at the time of the transaction. All exchange differences are taken to the Statement of Financial Activities. i) Operating leases Costs relating to operating leases are charged to the income and expenditure account over the life of the lease. j) Fund accounting General funds are available for use at the discretion of the Board in furtherance of the general objectives of the Library.
b)
Classes of Business
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
Access to Collection Wider Public Access Reference / Information Services Bibliographic Services Other
20,304 2,448 368 2,628 1,320
21,363 2,586 451 2,790 1,100
27,068
28,290
Geographical Segments
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
United Kingdom Overseas
15,911 11,157
16,600 11,690
27,068
28,290
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
Interest receivable
795
710
Total interest
795
710
4 Investment Income
Designated funds comprise resources which have been set aside at the discretion of the Board for specific purposes. The purposes and use of the designated funds are set out in the notes to the Accounts.
5 Grant in Aid
Restricted funds are resources subject to specific restrictions imposed by donors or by the purpose of the appeal.
Total Grant in Aid made available to the British Library Board was £85.19m (£88.62m received in 2001/02); this included £2.40m for restructuring programmes. This money is available for running costs, capital improvements and collection purchases.
52
53
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
6 Net Cost of Resources Expended
6 Net Cost of Resources Expended (continued) Staff Costs
Depreciation
Income
£000
Other Direct Costs £000
2002-03
2001-02
a) Staff costs
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
£000
Allocated Support Cost £000
£000
Net cost1 £000
Net Cost £000
30 115 53 4 5 -
4,024 1,016 20,304 2,660 2,654 494 1,806 -
22,442 703 15,678 2,413 1,170 2,079 1,146 -
396 272 34,459 14,443 14,298 4,413 154 4,341 1,672 1,530
239 448 36,138 14,285 16,110 2,614 683 4,430 3,185 1,881
Wages & salaries Social security costs Pension disbursements Superannuation disbursements
47,542 2,953 6,037 429
46,276 3,264 6,249 1,998
170 12,327 1,129 15,029 2,053 708 2,380 1,578 667
226 272 3,684 13,627 3,780 2,554 926 371 754 863
56,961
57,787
574
598
57,535
58,385
36,041
27,057
207
32,958
45,631
75,978
80,013
3,884 15,287 2,323
3,953 19,982 393
449 562 2
33 1,166 5
(8,253) (34,665) (2,713)
-
-
57,535
51,385
1,220
34,162
-
75,978
80,013
Direct Costs Costs of generating funds Grants payable Collection Management Collection Development Access to Collection Wider Public Access Bibliographic Services Reference / Information Services Leadership, Partnership, & Co-operation Management and Administration2
Support Costs Information systems Corporate services Directorate costs
The categories used in 2002/03 have been based on the Library’s strategic objectives. When costs cannot be directly attributed to one of the Library’s objectives, they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. In accordance with HM Treasury disclosure requirements, in respect of fees and charges, the above table identifies the net cost of the Library’s activities, which is derived by deducting trading, donated and investment income from total expenditure. This segmental information is not disclosed for the purpose of SSAP 25.
1 Net cost is calculated by deducting trading, donated and investment income from total expenditure.
2 Management and administration includes the costs of Corporate Administration, Board Membership fees, legal fees, internal and external audit fees and staff costs associated with the preparation of the statutory accounts.
Board Members’ remuneration (see below)
Prior to the 31 July 2002 staff of the British Library Board were employed under very similar conditions of service as Civil Servants to whom the conditions of the Superannuation Acts 1965 and 1972 and subsequent amendments apply. The British Library offers a non-contributory pension scheme to provide retirement and related benefits to all eligible employees. Pension benefits are provided on a final salary basis, at a normal retirement age of 60. Benefits accrue at the rate of one eightieth of pensionable salary for each year of service. In addition, a lump sum equivalent to three years’ pension is payable on retirement. Members pay contributions of 1.5% of pensionable earnings, mainly towards the cost of providing benefits for their widow(er) after death. Pensions increase in value, in line with the Retail Price Index On death, pensions are payable to the surviving spouse at a rate of half the member’s pension. On death in service, the beneficiary receives a lump sum benefit of twice pensionable pay and also provides a service enhancement on computing the spouse’s pension. The enhancement depends on the length of service and cannot exceed 10 years. Medical retirement is possible in the case of serious ill health. On 1 August 2002 the Library transferred existing members and eligible employees of the British Library Pension Scheme to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme (PCSPS) under the same terms and conditions. Pension disbursements up to 31 July represent amounts paid to those former employees who have retired and are receiving a pension. From 1 August 2002 the pension disbursements relate to the Accruing Superannuation Liability Contributions payable to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme in respect of existing eligible employees.
Superannuation disbursements are the costs up to 31 July 2002 for the lump sums paid to former employees who have retired or transferred out of the British Library and who were members of the Library’s pension scheme, net of inward transfer values and additional contributions. As at 31 July 2002 the Library’s pension scheme liability is provisionally valued by the Government Actuary’s Department (GAD) as £254.5m. The main financial assumptions made by GAD, in calculating the pension liabilities were:
a discount rate net of price increases of 3.5% p.a. a rate of inflation and pension increases of 4.3% p.a. a rate of earning increases, including the impact of promotion and performance increments of 7.0% p.a. a nominal discount rate of 8% p.a.
The PCSPS is an unfunded multi-employer defined benefit scheme, and the British Library is unable to identify its share of the underlying assets and liabilities. A full actuarial valuation was carried out at 31st March 1999. Details can be found in the resource accounts of the Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation. In the 2001/02 Annual Accounts the Library’s pension scheme liability at 31 March 2002 was stated at £294.8m, based on a valuation provided by the GAD. GAD subsequently reported that this valuation should have been £245.2m, as an adjustment had inadvertently been applied twice in the calculation.
i) Board Members’ remuneration Fees and salaries Other emoluments Pensions to former members
54
55
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
316 29 229
343 31 224
574
598
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
6 Net Cost of Resources Expended (continued)
6 Net Cost of Resources Expended (continued)
Disclosures under the Greenbury Code for non-pensionable Board Members
Professor Michael Anderson OBE Professor Robert Burgess Sir Henry Boyd-Carpenter KCVO Professor Linda Colley Ms Sheila Forbes CBE Mr Charles Guy Rodney Leach Mr Duncan Lewis Mr Bernard Naylor Mr Simon Olswang Professor Dame Jessica Rawson DBE Mr John Henry Ritblat Viscount Runciman of Doxford CBE
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
7.9 2.3 7.9 7.9 1.6 7.9 6.1 7.9 7.9 7.9 -
7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 5.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 5.8
65.3
65.3
No pension contributions were made on behalf of the above Board Members in the year.
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
Acquisitions for the collections Research and other grants Conservation and binding services Administration, equipment, supplies and services Non-recoverable VAT (net) Loss on disposal of fixed assets
13,553 272 2,625 33,903 983 49
12,947 448 2,240 36,176 902 27
51,385
52,740
The above table is exclusive of staff costs.
7 Depreciation on St Pancras Assets Due to the significant amount involved, depreciation on the total value of assets transferred in December 1997 from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, for no consideration, is shown separately in the Statement of Financial Activities. This amount represents a full year’s depreciation.
8 Notional Cost of Capital
The remuneration paid and pension entitlements of the executive members of the British Library Board and the Chairman, were as follows: Age
b) Other direct costs
Remuneration Paid £000
32.8
Real increase in pension at 60
Total Accrued Pension at 60, as at 31 March 2003 £000 £000
Lord Eatwell Chairman
58
0.5
0.8
Mrs Lynne Brindley Chief Executive
52
127.2
1.4
30.2
Mr Ian Millar Director of Finance and Corporate Resources
43
92.0
1.2
3.6
Board Members are reimbursed for expenses incurred in relation to the performance of their duties.
Notional cost of capital is calculated as 6% of the average capital employed in the year, excluding collection assets purchased and donated, and is required by the Executive NDPB Annual Report and Accounts Guidance.
9 Net Outgoing Resources Before Transfers This is stated after charging. 2002-03 £000
2000-01 £000
49 1,328 742 12,146 1,220
43 1,275 606 14,007 1,171
Licences £000
Total £000
At 1 April 2002 Additions Disposals
802 -
802 -
At 31 March 2003
802
802
At 1 April 2002 Charge for year
25
25
At 31 March 2003
25
25
Auditors’ remuneration Rent on land and buildings Lease payments on equipment Depreciation on St Pancras assets Depreciation on other fixed assets
10 Intangible Assets
ii) Senior employees Cost
The following number of employees, excluding executive members of the British Library Board and the Chairman, received remuneration falling within the following ranges:
£50,001 - £60,000 £60,001 - £70,000 £70,001 - £80,000 £80,001 - £90,000 £90,001 - £100,000 £100,001 - £110,000
2002-03 No.
2001-02 No.
10 5 2 2 1
9 2 6 -
In accordance with the SORP 2000, for 2002/03 emoluments are reported in bands from £50,000. The average number of employees during the year was: Collections and Services Library Support Services
56
Depreciation
2002-03 No.
2001-02 No.
Net Book Value at 31 March 2003
777
777
1,866 443
1,870 478
Net Book Value at 31 March 2002
-
-
2,309
2,348
All intangible assets have been valued on the basis of purchase price. The assets are all depreciated over a period of 3 years which is consistent with the IT equipment that the licence supports.
57
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
11 Tangible Fixed Assets
12 Investments 2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
Market Value at 1 April 2002 Transfer of Investments into Restricted Funds Purchases at Cost Disposals at Book Value Increase / (Decrease) in Market Value Investments written off
146 3,516 8 (52) (23) (3)
3 143 -
Market Value at 31 March 2003
3,592
146
Historical Cost at 31 March 2003
4,175
141
a) Movements Land & Buildings £000
Plant & Machinery £000
Office Equipment £000
Motor Vehicles £000
Computer Equipment £000
Collections Purchased £000
Collections Donated £000
Total £000
At 1 April 2002 Additions Modified Historic Cost Accounting (MHCA) adjustment Disposals
458,370 20
25,637 1,467
10,792 107
81 -
9,107 1,660
449 1,634
20 -
504,456 4,888
14,899
730
147
-
-
-
-
15,776
-
(227)
(19)
(9)
(3,409)
-
-
(3,664)
At 31 March 2003
473,289
27,607
11,027
72
7,358
2,083
20
521,456
Cost or Valuation
Analysed by:
Depreciation At 1 April 2002 Charge for year St Pancras Assets Other Assets MHCA adjustment Elimination on disposal
18,460
20,949
8,534
49
7,443
-
-
55,435
8,072 553 275 -
1,770 138 73 (199)
2,210 14 29 (19)
8 (5)
94 482 (3,372)
-
-
12,146 1,195 377 (3,595)
At 31 March 2003
27,360
22,731
10,768
52
4,647
-
-
65,558
At 31 March 2003
445,929
4,876
259
20
2,711
2,083
20
455,898
At 31 March 2002
439,910
4,688
2,258
32
1,664
449
20
449,021
£000
Fixed Interest Securities Listed UK Securities Listed Overseas Securities
912 2,162 518
Market Value as at 31 March 2003
3,592
Geographical Analysis United Kingdom Investments Overseas Investments
3,074 518 3,592
13 Financial Instruments b) Valuations The land and buildings as at 31 March 2003 include six properties valued at £32,095,000 on 31 March 1999 and one building, St Pancras, revalued at £390,652,000 on 31 March 2000, for which title or lease has been vested in the British Library Board.
Site St Pancras Boston Spa Colindale Avenue Unit 3, Colindale Avenue 22 Micawber Street Building 25, Woolwich Bindery, British Museum
Freehold Freehold Freehold Leasehold (short) Leasehold Leasehold Leasehold
Land £000
Buildings £000
Totals £000
27,500 2,000 2,825 5 -
363,152 24,500 2,750 15 -
390,652 26,500 5,575 20 -
32,330
390,417
422,747
FRS 13 ‘Derivatives and other financial instruments’, requires disclosure of the role which financial instruments have had during the period, in creating or changing the risks the Library faces in undertaking its activities. As permitted by FRS 13, debtors and creditors, which mature or become payable within 12 months of the balance sheet, have been omitted from this note. Liquidity risk Apart from Grant in Aid, the Library’s other major source of income is from Document Supply services. Remote document supply is demandled and due to competition from other providers and an increase in the availability of electronic media from publishers, the income from this service has been in decline. We now believe we have stabilised the service and are well positioned to grow share and net contribution in the coming year. We are also actively exploring new income sources for the Library.
Interest rate risk The Library has financial investments, which are identified in the following table. In addition, the Library budgets conservatively for investment income and is therefore not exposed to significant interest rate risk. Interest rate profile The table on the following page shows the interest rate profile of the Library’s financial assets. As the Library has no finance leases or loans, financial liabilities have been omitted from this table.
The St Pancras site was valued as at 31 March 2000 by CB Hillier Parker, Surveyors and Valuers, using the ‘Depreciated Replacement Cost’ basis of valuation. All remaining land and buildings in use by the British Library were revalued as at 31 March 1999 by Rogers Chapman, Chartered Surveyors, using the ‘Worth for Existing Use’ basis of valuation.
58
59
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
13 Financial Instruments (continued)
17 Statement of Funds
Floating Rate £000
2002-03 Fixed Rate £000
Total £000
2001-02 Total £000
Sterling Dollar Euro
19,208 318 193
912 -
20,120 318 193
12,444 166 73
Total
19,719
912
20,631
12,683
Foreign currency risk The British Library has an international customer base. Accordingly, the Library receives payment for its services in a number of foreign currencies. As part of the Library’s Treasury Management Strategy, the risk of fluctuations in currency values is minimised through a variety of
policies. Foreign currency balances are reviewed on a regular basis and these are either re-cycled to meet the Library’s immediate foreign payment commitments, or they are translated into sterling and returned to the Library’s interest bearing sterling bank account.
14 Stocks 2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
Stocks for resale
953
769
Total Stocks
953
769
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
3,798 2,236 5,014
3,941 751 5,890
11,048
10,582
Stocks balances comprise printed, microfiche and CD-ROM publications.
15 Debtors and Prepayments Amounts falling due within one year Trade debtors Other debtors Prepayments and accrued income
As at 1 April 2002 £000
Transfers To / (From)
Expenditure
Incoming Resources £000
Realised and Unrealised Gains and Losses £000
As at 31 March 2003 £000
£000
£000
General Funds General Funds Donated Asset Reserve
456,784 20
-
103,110 -
112,825 -
-
466,499 20
Total unrestricted funds
456,804
-
103,110
112,825
-
466,519
146 579 718 471 307 173 88 118 125 97 74 49 72 51 844
2,039 1,345 806 (1) 10 239 (3) 1 14 121 110 31 61 4 (14) 219
84 73 22 326 140 54 15 21 11 108 42 10 6 28 4 18 1,230 1,585
3,159 81 94 24 114 95 20 52 7 76 5 97 42 19 94 4 3 32 4 1 13 898 1,453
(500) (300) (203) (35) (60) (31) (26) (9) (56)
3,305 2,115 1,066 605 505 391 283 210 165 150 123 115 97 97 94 88 87 84 72 53 50 (346) 875
3,912
4,982
3,777
6,387
(1,220)
10,284
460,716
4,982
106,887
119,212
(1,220)
476,803
Unrestricted funds:
Restricted funds Shaw Fund National Sound Archive Eccles Centre Dingwall No. 2 Chinese Central Asia Database Consolidated Endowment Account Workshop Gallery Treasures Gallery Sir Henry Thomas Co-operation and Partnership Special Exhibitions National Preservation Office Turning the Pages Pearson Gallery New York Public Library Anthony Panizzi Foundation T.S. Blakeney European Co-operation Fund North American Collections Sir Adrian Boult Malvine Project NOF – In Place Others Total restricted funds Total funds
Restricted funds are given to the Library for specific purchases for the collection or projects, which are related to the aims and objectives of the Library. All the funds with balances of over £50,000 are listed above, with a brief description as to the aims of the fund shown opposite. “Other” restricted funds comprise individual amounts less than £50,000.
16 Creditors Amounts falling due within one year Trade creditors Other creditors Accruals Deferred income
60
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
7,278 1,785 3,072 369
8,498 2,029 1,958 -
12,504
12,485
61
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
17 Statement of Funds (continued)
18 Commitments Under Operating Leases
Shaw Fund Established by a Charity Commission order dated 13 September 2000, with the income being available for the general purpose of the British Library. National Sound Archive For the promotion of and assistance in the study, understanding, communication and recording of sound. The David and Mary Eccles Centre for American Studies Founded by Lord and Lady Eccles to further the establishment of a centre for American studies. Dingwall No. 2 Founded by Dr Eric John Dingwall, for the purchase of fine editions or the subscription of foreign periodicals. Chinese Central Asia Database Contributions to support the ‘International Dunhuang Project’ in its aim to catalogue, digitise and facilitate scholarly research on the Dunhuang manuscripts held by the Library and other institutions in Europe, Asia and USA.
Pearson Gallery Sponsorship from commercial companies, utilised to assist the running and maintenance of the gallery. New York Public Library A grant from the ‘Mellon Foundation’ to fund a joint project between the Library and the New York Public Library to develop new models for assisting scholars and for managing and disseminating scholarly information. Anthony Panizzi Foundation Founded in 1982 by an anonymous donor, for the advancement of public education by funding a lecture or series of lectures on the subject of advanced bibliography. TS Blakeney Founded in 1977 by Thomas Sydney Blakeney, for the purchase of western manuscripts.
Consolidated Endowment Account Founded in 1975, the fund is to be used for any purpose approved by the Board where there has not been adequate provision made through government Grant in Aid.
European Co-operation Fund EU funded project to establish a relationship between national bibliographic agencies and publishers of electronic material, so as to create authoritative bibliographic information.
Workshop Gallery Sponsorship from commercial companies, utilised to assist the running and maintenance of the gallery.
North American Collections A fund to enable the strengthening of the resources for American Studies in the British Library.
Treasures Gallery A donation from Mr John Henry Ritblat for the updating of displays in the Treasures Gallery.
Sir Adrian Boult Founded through a public appeal, for the use on commissioning and production of recordings of musical lectures or similar functions.
Sir Henry Thomas Founded in 1981 by Miss Amy Thomas, for the purchase of books relating to the culture and literature of Spain.
Malvine Project A partnership with the Malvine Project, whereby the British Library contributes data and expertise to the development of an online access system to the modern manuscript holdings of European Libraries.
Co-operation and Partnership Used for fees in respect of advice given by British Library staff on library related lottery applications Special Exhibitions Underwriting future exhibitions, interest from other funds and net proceeds from corporate membership scheme.
Land & Buildings
Turning the Pages To fund the development of the Turning the Page electronic facsimile and licence to Northumberland County Council.
NOF – In Place Funding from the New Opportunities Fund, administered by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, which aims to provide a rich variety of images, sound and texts in a virtual library of collections for the lifelong learner, consisting of materials relating to specific localities or regions across and beyond Britain.
Operating Leases which expire: Within one year Two to five years More than five years
2001-02 £000
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
182 1,171
140 1,189
26 40 -
38 105 -
1,353
1,329
66
143
Restricted Funds £000
Total £000
19 Analysis of Net Assets Between Funds Unrestricted Funds £000
Fund balances at 31 March 2003 are represented by: Intangible fixed assets Tangible fixed assets Investments Current assets Current liabilities
777 455,898 22,305 (12,461)
3,592 6,735 (43)
777 455,898 3,592 29,040 (12,504)
Total net assets
466,519
10,284
476,803
20 Surrender of Superannuation Net Transfer Values to the Civil Service Superannuation Vote In the year only payments in respect of Superannuation net transfer values were surrendered to the Civil Service Superannuation Vote. 2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
-
667
2002-03 £000
2001-02 £000
Contracted and not provided for
486
241
Authorised, but not contracted for
188
331
Superannuation net transfer values
21 Capital Commitments
National Preservation Office Contributions to the cost of running the National Preservation Office, with the aim of progressing a national Preservation Policy. During 2002/03 the remaining British Library Endowment and Trust Fund balances, which are controlled by the British Library Board, were re-classified as restricted funds and have been reported as part of the British Library’s Annual Accounts. The re-classification was approved by the British Library Board and covers 17 funds which were previously included in the British Library’s Endowment and Trust Fund accounts, for which a summary of the previous financial year is shown in Note 22. The Charity Commissioners have endorsed the treatment of incorporating the funds into the British Library Annual Accounts for 2002/03, although formal approval is yet to be sanctioned, with this planned to be completed by the end of the calendar year. 62
Equipment
2002-03 £000
63
Record Book British Library 2002/2003
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
22 Endowment Fund and Trust Funds The British Library has an endowment fund and a number of trust funds, which in accordance with FRS2 were not consolidated into accounts in 2001/02. The British Library Board act as trustees for these except for the Panizzi, Gilson and Saga Trusts. The trusts have at least one British Library board member. The aggregated results of the funds are as follows: 2001-02 £000
2000-01 £000
Income Sale of Exhibition Road Expenditure Unrealised losses on investments
232 (417) (99)
637 2,342 (657) (649)
Surplus / (deficit) for the year
(284)
1,673
Investments Special Deposits Net Creditors Cash at Bank
4,479 409 (41) 412
4,908 628 (4) 534
Net Assets
5,259
6,066
The net assets at 31 March 2002 reflect a transfer of £523,000 from the Endowment and Trust Funds into the British Library accounts during the same financial year.
23 Related Party Transactions The British Library is a Non-Departmental Public Body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
During the financial year 2002-2003, the Library loaned material to the National Gallery, the National Gallery of Scotland, the Historic Royal Palaces, the British Museum, the Imperial War Museum and the Tate Gallery. The Library borrowed material from the Victoria and Albert Museum, the National Maritime Museum, the Science Museum, the National Army Museum and the British Museum. The parent Department of these organisations is the DCMS.
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport is regarded as a related party. During the year the Library has had a number of transactions in the normal course of business and at full arm’s length with the Department. The Library has also had a number of transactions in the normal course of business and at full arm’s length with most of the DCMS sponsored bodies.
During the year a number of Board Members have contributed to the Adopt a Book appeal. In addition Mr Ritblat made a donation to the Treasures Gallery restricted fund.
The Library received grants from the National Heritage Memorial Fund and the New Opportunities Fund for which the DCMS are the parent Department.
24 Key Performance Indicators Performance against Funding Agreement targets 2002/03 Measure Expenditure on acquisition of digital material
Target 2002-03
Actual 2002-03
Target 2001-02
Actual 2001-02
Target 2000-01
Actual 2000-01
Target 1999-00
Actual 1999-00
£1.24m
£1.36m
£1.01m
£1.11m
£0.91m
£1.01m
£0.79m
£0.93m
The performance target for acquisitions relate to cash expenditure, correspondingly, the actual expenditure on acquisitions continues to be reported on a cash and not an accruals basis.
25 Post Balance Sheet Events The voluntary redundancy programme is dependent on agreement by the Executive team at a meeting to be held on 30 June. Letters detailing the terms of redundancy were communicated to individuals on 2 June 2003, making it clear that the terms could be withdrawn. Letters confirming the arrangements will be sent to individuals after the meeting on 30 June. There will also be a communication to all staff confirming the arrangements. Thus conditions warranting disclosure of voluntary redundancies as a provision were not existent at the Balance Sheet date.
64 Printed in the UK for The Stationery Office Limited on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID 145000 07/03
