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Business Analysis - Introduction Presented By : Abubakar Munawar Project Manager / Lead Business Analyst [email protected]

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Agenda
About The Course
What is Business Analysis ?
Some Important Concepts
What is Business Analyst and Why That Role Is Important?
Getting Started As a Business Analyst
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Business Analysis ? Any Idea ?

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About The Course

Knowledge Area [KA] Task Inputs

Tools Knowl & Tasks Techniques

Outputs

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What is Business Analysis ? Business analysis is the set of tasks and techniques used to work as a liaison among stakeholders in order to understand the structure, policies, and operations of an organization, and recommend solutions that enable the organization to achieve its goals. International Institute of Business Analysis [IIBA] - BABOK v2.0 Business analysis is the set of tasks, knowledge, and techniques required to identify business needs and determine solutions to business problems. Solutions often include a systems development component, but may also consist of process improvement or organizational change. The person who carries out this task is called a Business Analyst or BA. Those BAs who work solely on developing software systems may be called IT Business Analysts or Technical Business Analysts. Wikipedia Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company

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Some Important Concepts

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Definition - Solutions Solution  A solution meets a business need, by solving problems or allowing the organization to take advantage of an opportunity.  A solution can be subdivided into components, including the information systems that support it, the processes that manage it, and the people who operate it.  Business analysis helps organizations to define the optimal solution for their needs, given the set of constraints (including time, budget, regulations, and others) under which that organization operates.

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Definition - Scope Scope In Project Management, the scope of a project is the sum total of all of its products and their requirements or features. In Business Analysis we use 2 predominate definitions for Scope:

 Solution Scope is the set of capabilities a solution must support to meet the business need.  Project Scope is the work necessary to construct and implement a particular solution.

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What is Requirement ?

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Definition - Requirement A Requirement is: 1. A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective. 2. A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a solution or solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed documents. 3. A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2).

 Requirement may be unstated, implied by other requirements, or directly stated and managed.  Requirement must be clearly communicated to & understood by Stakeholders Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company

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Types of Requirements ?

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Types / Level of Requirement 

Business Requirements are higher-level statements of the goals, objectives, or needs of the enterprise. They describe such things the reasons why a project is initiated, the things that the project will achieve, and the metrics which will be used to measure its success.



Stakeholder Requirements are statements of the needs of a particular stakeholder or class of stakeholders. They describe the needs that a given stakeholder has and how that stakeholder will interact with a solution. Stakeholder Requirements serve as a bridge between Business Requirements and the various classes of solution requirements.



Solution Requirements describe the characteristics of a solution that meets the business requirements and stakeholder requirements. They are frequently divided, particularly when the requirements describe a software solution, into: 

Functional Requirements describe the behavior and information that the solution will manage. They describe capabilities the system will be able to perform in terms of behaviors or operations – a specific system action or response.



Non-functional Requirements capture conditions that do not directly relate to the behavior or functionality of the solution, but rather describe environmental conditions under which the solution must remain effective or qualities that the systems must have. They are also known as quality or supplementary requirements.

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Types / Level of Requirement

Continue…..

 Implementation Requirements describe capabilities that the solution must have in order to facilitate transition from the current state of the enterprise to the desired future state, but that will not be needed once that transition is complete. They are further described in the Solution Assessment and Validation.

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Business Analyst ?

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Business Analyst ? “Business analyst is one who manages the entire Systems Requirements Life Cycle from understanding the business need to ensuring that the delivered solution meets the need and adds value to the bottom line” Whitepaper published by HP “The business analyst : The pivotal I.T. role of the future”

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Why Business Analyst ?

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Why Business Analyst ? If an organization want : 1. to shorten delivery schedules of your project teams through the reduction of requirements defects 2. to reduce the development effort that is expended on rework due to miscommunication 3. To reduce user-reported defects which originate in the requirements phase of a project

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Business Analyst & Project Success

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Business Analyst & Project Success “The projects encounter difficulties not from lack of technical expertise but from an inability to gather, understand, analyze and manage business requirements and convert them into useable system specifications” Whitepaper published by HP “The business analyst : The pivotal I.T. role of the future”

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Business Analyst & Project Success Chaos Factors For Project Success User Involvement

20%

Executive Management Support

15%

Clear Business Objectives

15%

Agile Optimization

10%

Emotional Maturity

10%

Project Management Expertise

10%

Financial Management

5%

Skilled Resources

5%

Formal Methodology

5%

Tools & Infrastructure

5%

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Business Analyst & Project Success Key findings from the report, The Impact of Business Requirements on the Success of Technology Projects from IAG Consulting, include (emphasis added): 1. Companies with poor business analysis capability have three times as many project failures as successes. 2. 68% of companies are more likely to have a marginal project or outright failure than a success due to the way they approach business analysis. In fact, 50% of this group’s projects were “runaways” which had any 2 of: taking over 180% of target time to deliver; consuming in excess of 160% of estimated budget; or delivering under 70% of the target required functionality. 3. Companies pay a premium of as much as 60% on time and budget when they use poor requirements practices on their projects. 4. Over 41% of the IT development budget for software, staff and external professional services will be consumed by poor requirements at the average company using average analysts versus the optimal organization. 5. The vast majority of projects surveyed did not utilize sufficient business analysis skill to consistently bring projects in on time and budget. The level of competency required is higher than that employed within projects for 70% of the companies surveyed.

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Business Analyst & Project Success This chart illustrates the requirements skills gap most companies face:

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Business Analyst & Project Success The impact of this skills gap is substantial, directly increasing project time, cost, and risk of failure. The “skills gap premium” is reflected in this graph:

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Business Analyst & Project Success According to survey respondents, the top three risks threatening the success of projects are : Unstable, constantly changing requirements (66%) Poor requirement specification (55%) Client behavior, such as approval delays, requirements changes and poor communication (42%)

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Business Analyst & Project Success Good requirement reduce errors :

60% of software errors are requirement errors If errors are found during the requirement phase, the cost is $1.00 If found during testing, the cost is $100 Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company

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Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ?

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Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ? PM Role : A project manager is accountable for developing & delivering a Solution within budget & timelines will limited resources using Project as a vehicle

Cost (Resources)

Time (Schedule)

Solution

Project Scope

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Why Project Manager Unable to Handle These Failure ? BA Role : A business analyst is accountable for defining & ensuring the right Solution is delivered using their Skills as a vehicle

Process

People

Solution

Technology

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Therefore, Project Manager Need a partner ?

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Lets Collaborate with Your Requirement Lead The Business Analyst Requirements Design Built & Test Implementation / Transition Post Implementation

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Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model

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Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model During Project Initiation 1. Communicates the Stakeholder Vision & Objectives to PM 2. Communicates the solutions scope & requirements efforts to allow PM to start planning process

Assess Risk of Requirements 1. The biggest issue raise the requirement error & delay is lack of SME & Stakeholder Participation, therefore BA helps PM in identification of stakeholder by using requirements planning techniques 2. The BA also identify business roles & responsibilities of SME, Stakeholders & Project TEAM to ease the communication throughout the project

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Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model BA Plans the Requirement Efforts 1. The BA add value by providing time inputs to PM for : • Gather, Analyze, Review & Document Information • Coordinate with team & clients

Project Planning 1. Requirement Planning 2. Ensures Availability of SMEs 3. Effective Elicitation Techniques & detail analysis results in Complete Requirements 4. Verification & Validation of requirements ensure SME involvement, ownership & manage expectations of Stakeholders 5. Prioritized requirements for better planning & execution

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Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model BA Role During Design Phase 1. Business TEAM • Ensure business changes are incorporated • Usable Interface 2. • • •

Design TEAM Assist design team in identification of best implementation strategy Assist in making trade-off decisions Review designs & specification to ensure business feasibility

3. • • •

Management Update the requirements as necessary Identify Conflicting & Orphan Requirements Communicates the Impactss

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Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model BA Role During Built & Testing 1. Built / Unit Testing • Ensure built addresses the required business need 2. • • •

System / Integration Testing Confirm all requirements (overall) addressed in the system Non-functional requirements are clearly defined & met Participate in identification & resolution of defects

3. • • • •

Management Update the requirements as necessary Identify Conflicting & Orphan Requirements Communicates the Impacts Update the quality & status of built so that corrective actions can be taken

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Project Manager & Business Analyst Collaboration Model BA Role During Scope Management •

The BA manage solution scope through Requirement Traceability Matrix. This help project manager in identification of what’s in scope and what’s not ? along with impact of any change in requirement.

BA Role During Implementation & Transition • • • • •

Ensure users are prepared to receive the product Manage the resistance to change Observe Product / Solution in Business Environment Describe the current & future states Identify Transition Requirements, facilitate transition & validate transition succeeding

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What Results BA Will Bring To Your Organization ? Standardized Approach to software development lifecycle keeping in mind the business needs Better Business Process Good Requirements Transparent Communications Enhance Risk Management Efficiency Customer Satisfaction Cost Reduction

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Working together PM & BA are Element of Success For Project and Solution

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Get Started As A Business Analyst 1. www.theIIBA.org 2. www.ModernAnalyst.com 3. www.BusinessAnalystMentor.com 4. www.LinkedIn.com 1. BA Forum 2. Business Analysis Professionals 3. Modern Analyst 4. IIBA 5. www.RequirementsNetwork.com 6. www.PracticalAnalyst.com 7. www.Bridging-The-Gap.com 8. www.BetterProjects.net Projects Consulting, Development, Mentoring, and Training Company

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Get Started As A Business Analyst [Books] 1. Seven Steps to Mastering Business Analysis by Barbara A. Carkenord 2. The Business Analyst's Handbook by Howard Podeswa 3. Business Analysis by Debra Paul and Donald Yeates 4. CBAP Certification Study Guide (2nd Edition) by Richard Larson and Elizabeth Larson 5. Sample Exam Questions: IIBA Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) by Larry T. Barnard

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Questions

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