ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

BASIC GRAMMAR REVISION - PART 2 1 Use of tenses (sequel) The Future: Will, going to and present continuous  Check with the grammar rules. Three different forms are commonly used in English to talk about the future. The one you use depends on the situation.

PLANS

GOING TO

-What are you going to do when you finish school? (= What are you planning to do?)

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

-I’m having dinner with Ann tomorrow. (= I’ve already booked the restaurant.)

For something you’ve already decided to do.

FUTURE ARRANGEMENTS For something in the future we’ve already arranged (e.g. written in our diary), especially with the verbs go, come, see, meet, leave, and have (dinner…)

UNPLANNED DECISIONS

! I’m going to have dinner with Ann tomorrow is also possible.

WILL / WON’T + INFINITIVE

-I’ve got a problem. -I’ll help you.

For a spontaneous decision you make at the moment of speaking OFFERS

! for questions with ‘I’ and -Shall I open the window? ‘we’, use ‘shall’

PREDICTIONS

WILL OR GOING TO

-I think they’ll win. -I think they are going to win.

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

Ex. 1: Respond to the statements. Use I’ll…, or shall I…? It’s very hot in this room. → Shall I open the window? 1. 2.

I’m hungry. It’s very dark in here.

Ex. 2: Put the verbs into the correct form: will/won’t or present simple ! Reminder: time clauses -> NO future! I will tell you when you get back. as soon as you get back. after you get back. if you promise not to repeat it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Before you …………………. (leave), don’t forget to shut the windows. I …………………. (phone) you as soon as I …………………. (arrive) in London. Please don’t touch anything before the police …………………. (come). Everyone …………………. (be) very surprised if he…………………. (pass) the examination. When you …………………. (see) Brian again, you …………………. (not/recognize) him.

Ex. 3: Put the verbs into the correct form: present simple, present continuous or future simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I think she (leave) next Friday. John (not, belong) to a political party. What (you, watch, usually) on TV? I’ll phone him as soon as I (arrive) in Madrid. (Jane, stay) at home tonight? No, she (go out).

Revisions: mixed tenses. Ex.4: translate. 1. Ma grand-mère n’a jamais vu la mer. (Elle est morte maintenant.) 2. Je suis allée en Angleterre une fois l’année dernière. 3. Je suis allée en Angleterre deux fois cette année-ci. 4. Depuis combien de temps es-tu ici ? Je suis ici depuis 10 heures du matin. 5. Quand es-tu né ? Je suis né en 1970. 6. « J’ai lu 3 livres jusqu’à présent, et toi ? » « Je n’en ai pas encore lu. » 7. « Es-tu allée en Espagne récemment ? » « J’y suis allée il y a trois mois. » 8. Où as-tu passé tes vacances l’année dernière ? 9. Il est mort hier. 10. Il vient de mourir (use ‘just’) 11. Quelle heure est-il ? Ma montre s’est arrêtée. 12. Depuis combien de temps habites-tu au Luxembourg ? J’habite ici depuis 3 ans.

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

2 Quantifiers

Uncountables indénombrables (ex: money, time…)

Beaucoup de ...

peu de … (-)

Un peu de … (+) quelques

a lot of … lots of … plenty of …

(very) little

= a little some



(?) much Countables dénombrables (ex: friends, books...)

a lot of… lots of... plenty of…

not much

(?) many

(very) few

= a few some

not many

Ex. 1: Correct the sentences which are wrong: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Do you eat much fish? Yes, I eat a lot. I eat too much sweet things. She doesn’t eat vegetables enough. How many milk do you drink a day?

Ex. 2: Fill in with much, many, a lot of or a lot. 1. Do you eat ………… fruits? Yes, I eat ………… apples. I love them. 2. How ………… cups of tea do you have a day? I have at least five, sometimes more. Ex. 3: Complete with a lot (of), much, many, little, few, or any. 1. I’ve got very ……………….. really close friends – only one or two. 2. We’ll have to do this quickly. We haven’t got ……………….. time. 3. I drink ……………….. tea – maybe six cups a day, but very ……………….. coffee. 4. I never watch Channel 5. There are too ……………….. adverts. 5. I’ve been eating too ……………….. recently. I’m going to go on a diet. 6. How ……………….. free time have you got? Very ………………… I work long hours.

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

3 Comparatives and Superlatives 3.1 Formation of comparative adjectives There are two ways to make or form a comparative adjective:  

short adjectives: add "-er" long adjectives: use "more" Short adjectives

 

1-syllable adjectives 2-syllable adjectives ending in –y

old, fast happy, easy old → older

Normal rule: add "-er" Variations: - if the adjective ends in -e, just add –r - if the adjective ends in consonant, vowel, consonant, double the last consonant - if the adjective ends in -y, change the y to i

late → later big → bigger happy → happier

Long adjectives  

2-syllable adjectives not ending in –y all adjectives of 3 or more syllables

Normal rule: use "more"

modern, pleasant expensive, intellectual modern → more modern expensive → more expensive

With some 2-syllable adjectives, we can use '-er' or 'more': • • • • •

quiet → quieter/more quiet clever → cleverer/more clever narrow → narrower/more narrow simple → simpler/more simple healthy → healthier/more healthy

Exception The following adjectives have irregular forms:  

good → better bad → worse

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

3.2 Use of comparative adjectives We use comparative adjectives when talking about 2 things (not 3 or 10 or 1,000,000 things, only 2 things).

3.2.1 Superiority Short adjectives: adj + -ER THAN Peter is taller than Sandra. Long adjectives: MORE + adj + THAN A Ferrari is more expensive than a Mini. Look at these examples:    

John is 1m80. He is tall. But Chris is 1m85. He is taller than John. America is big. But Russia is bigger. I want to have a more powerful computer. Is French more difficult than English?

3.2.2 Inferiority Short & long adjectives: LESS + adjectif + THAN, not as/so + adjective + as July is less cold than January. July is not as/so cold as January

3.2.3 Equality Short & long adjectives: AS... adjective... AS English is as easy as German.

3.3 Comparative adverbs Some adverbs have the same form as an adjective, e.g. early, fast, hard, high, late, long, near. They form the comparative with -er. Can't you run faster than that? Many adverbs are an adjective + ly, e.g. carefully, easily, nicely, slowly. They form the comparative with more. We could do this more easily with a computer. Note the forms sooner and more often. Try to get home sooner. I must exercise more often. Exceptions:     

well → better badly -> worse far → farther/further little -> less much/many -> more 5

ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

3.4 Formation of superlative adjectives As with comparative adjectives, there are two ways to form a superlative adjective:  

short adjectives: add "-est" long adjectives: use "most"

We also usually add 'the' at the beginning. Short adjectives  

1-syllable adjectives 2-syllable adjectives ending in –y

old, fast happy, easy old → the oldest

Normal rule: add "-est" Variation: - if the adjective ends in -e, just add –st - if the adjective ends in consonant, vowel, consonant, double the last consonant - if the adjective ends in -y, change the y to i

late → the latest big → the biggest happy → the happiest

Long adjectives  

2-syllable adjectives not ending in –y all adjectives of 3 or more syllables

Normal rule: use "most"

modern, pleasant expensive, intellectual modern → the most modern expensive → the most expensive

With some 2-syllable adjectives, we can use '-est' or 'most': •quiet → the quietest/most quiet •clever → the cleverest/most clever •narrow → the narrowest/most narrow •simple → the simplest/most simple •healthy → the healthiest/most healthy Exceptions The following adjectives have irregular forms:  

good → the best bad → the worst

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

3.5 Use of superlative adjectives We use a superlative adjective to describe one thing in a group of three or more things. Look at these examples:   

John is 1m75. David is 1m80. Chris is 1m85. Chris is the tallest. Canada, China and Russia are big countries. But Russia is the biggest. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.

3.6 Superlative adverbs Adverbs having the same form as an adjective, e.g. early, fast, hard, high, late, long, near form the superlative with -er, -est. Andrew works the hardest. Adverbs ending -ly, e.g. carefully, easily, nicely, slowly form the superlative with most. Of all the players it was Matthew who planned his tactics the most carefully. Note the forms soonest and most often. Exceptions:     

well → the best badly -> the worst far → the farthest/furthest little -> the least much/many -> the most

Ex. 1 - Complete the sentences. Use these adjectives: beautiful, expensive, high, interesting, tall The giraffe is taller than the man. A DVD is more expensive than a CD. 1. Detective stories............................................................................ than algebra. 2. The top of the mountain................................................................ than the clouds. 3. The acrobat................................................................................... than the clown. Ex. 2 - Tom is a United fan. He never stops talking about them. Put in the superlative form of the adjectives. Everyone's heard of United. They're the most famous (famous) team in the world. They've got a long history. They're the oldest (old) club in England. 1. They've got lots of money. They're the...................................................... (rich) club in the country. 2. Their stadium is new. It's the ................................................... (modern) stadium in Europe. 3. They're good to watch. They play the................……………….......... (attractive) football. 4. United fans are happy. We're the ................……………………… (happy) people in the world.

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

Ex. 3 - Put in the comparative form of these adverbs: early, easily, high, loud, often, smartly I was too nervous to go higher than halfway up the tower. We could have found the place more easily with a map. 1. Do you have to wear those old jeans, Mike? Can't you dress .......……………………....? 2. There are lots of break-ins. They happen .................…………………………. nowadays. 3. The film starts at eight, but we should get to the cinema a few minutes ..........................….. 4. We can't hear. Could you speak a bit............................................……….. ? Ex. 4 - Irregular forms. Matthew and Emma are walking in the country. Put in further, furthest, better, best, worse and worst. Emma: I'm not used to country walks. How much (►) further is it? Matthew: Not far. And it gets better. We've done the (1).........………………… part. Look, the path gets easier. It goes downhill from here. I hope you're feeling (2)……………………… now, Emma. Emma: I feel dreadful, actually, (3) ……………………… than before. Matthew: Oh, dear. Do you want to have a rest? Emma: No, the (4) ………………………. thing would be to get home as soon as we can. I'm not very fit, you know. This is the (5) ……………………… I've walked for a long time. Ex. 5 - Comparative and superlative forms: write the correct forms. You're the luckier person I know. luckiest The situation is getting difficulter. more difficult 1. This game is excitest than the last one. 2. Of all the students, Andrew does the more work. 3. This month has been weter than last month. 4. The prices are more low here. 5. I feel more bad than I did yesterday. Ex. 6 - Comment on these situations. Write sentences with a comparative and than. Use these adjectives: expensive, long, old, strong, tall The water-colour is £85, and the oil-painting is £100.  The oil-painting is more expensive than the water-colour. 1. The church was built in 1878 and the library in 1925. 2. Daniel can lift 90 kilos, but Matthew can lift 120 kilos. 3. Mike is 1.7 metres tall, but Harriet is 1.8 metres. Ex. 7 - Write sentences from the notes. Use the superlative form of the adjective. Melanie / kind person / I know Melanie is the kindest person I know. 1. Friday / busy day / week ………………………………………………………………. of the week. 2. the Metropole / nice hotel / town ……………………………………………………. . Ex. 8 - Use the notes and add sentences with isn't as ... as. a car / a motor bike / expensive Why don't you buy a motor bike? A motor bike isn't as expensive as a car. 1. metal / plastic / strong I don't like these plastic screws................................................................... 2. the armchair / the stool / comfortable Oh, don't sit there. .....................................................................................

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

4 The passive and its uses 4.1 Forms: use be + past participle to form the passive Active Passive Present Simple (verb in the Present Present Simple (am/is/are + past Simple) participle) e.g.: * The police arrest thieves every week. e.g.: * Thieves are arrested by the police every week. *Somebody cleans the room every day. * The room is cleaned every day. Present continuous (am/is/are + verb – ing) e.g.: * The police are arresting a thief at the moment. * Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment. Past Simple (verb in the Past Simple)

Present continuous (am/is/are being + past participle) e.g.: * A thief is being arrested by the police at the moment. * The room is being cleaned at the moment. Past Simple (was/were + past participle) e.g.: * A thief was arrested by the police last e.g.: * The police arrested a thief last week. week. * Somebody cleaned the room * The room was cleaned yesterday. yesterday. Past continuous (was/were + verb –ing) Past continuous (was/were being + past participle) e.g.: * The police were arresting a thief when e.g.: * A thief was being arrested by the I arrived in the shop. police when I arrived in the shop. * Somebody was cleaning the room * The room was being cleaned when I when I arrived. arrived. Present Perfect Simple (have/has + past Present Perfect Simple (have/has been + participle) past participle) e.g.: * The police have just arrested a thief. e.g.: * A thief has just been arrested by the police. * The room looks nice. Somebody has * The room looks nice. It has been cleaned it. cleaned. Past Perfect Simple (had + past participle) Past Perfect Simple (had been + past participle) e.g.: * There was a crowd in front of the e.g.: * There was a crowd in front of the shop. The police had arrested a thief. shop. A thief had been arrested by the police. * The room looked nice. Somebody had * The room looked nice. It had been cleaned it. cleaned. Future (will/shall + infinitive or am/is/are Future (will/shall be + past participle or going to + infinitive) am/is/are going to be + past participle) e.g.: * The police are going to arrest the thief. e.g.: * The thief is going to be arrested by the police. * Somebody will clean the room later. * The room will be cleaned later.

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

Modals (can/could/may/might/must/ have Modals (can/could/may/might/must/ have to/should + infinitive) to/should be + past participle) e.g.: * The police have to arrest the thief. e.g.: * The thief has to be arrested by the police. * Somebody can clean the room. * The room can be cleaned. * The situation is serious. We must do * The situation is serious. Something something. must be done. * You should call the doctor. * The doctor should be called. * The music was very loud. You could * The music was very loud. It could be hear it from a long way away. heard from a long way away. Infinitives Be + past participle e.g.: * Please go away. I want to be left alone. * The meat is ready to be cooked. Perfect infinitive have been + past participle e.g.: * The room should have been cleaned. * I haven’t received the letter yet. It might have been sent to the wrong address. * There were some problems at first, but they seem to have been solved. Gerunds Being + past participle e.g.: * I remember being taken to the zoo when I was a child. (= I remember somebody taking me to the zoo when I was a child.) * Steve hates being kept waiting. (= He hates people keeping him waiting.) * I managed to climb over the wall without being seen (= without anybody seeing me) * I don’t like being told what to do. (= I don’t like people telling me what to do.)

4.2 USE 1. When we use an active verb, we say what the subject does. e.g.: - My grandfather was a builder. He built this house in 1935. - It’s a big company. It employs two hundred people. When we use a passive verb, we say what happens to the subject. e.g.: - This house is quite old. It was built in 1935. - Two hundred people are employed by the company. 2. When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant. e.g.: - A lot of money was stolen in the robbery. (somebody stole it, but we don’t know who) - Is this room cleaned every day? (it’s not important who) If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by. e.g.: - This house was built by my grandfather. - Two hundred people are employed by the company.

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Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

3. Some verbs can have two objects, for example give: e.g.: - Somebody gave the police the information. (= Somebody gave the information to the police.) So it is possible to make two passive sentences:  The police were given the information.  The information was given to the police. Other verbs which can have two objects are: ask, offer, pay, show, teach, tell. When we use these verbs in the passive, most often we begin with the person. e.g.: - I was offered the job, but I refused it. (= they offered me the job) - You will be given plenty of time to decide. (= we will give you plenty of time to decide) - Have you been shown the new machine? (= Has anybody shown you the new machine?) 4. I was born. (not I am born.) e.g.: - I was born in Chicago. - Where were you born? But: How many babies are born every day? 5. Get You can use get instead of be in the passive (informal spoken English). e.g.: - There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt. (= nobody was hurt) - I don’t often get invited to parties. (= I’m not often invited) You can use get only when things happen. For example, you cannot use get in the following sentences: e.g.: - Jill is liked by everybody. (not gets liked – This is not a happening.) - He was a mystery man. Very little was known about him. (not got known) Ex. 1 - Complete the following passive sentences in the suggested tenses. 1. This picture ………………………… (always admire). PRESENT 2. His leg ………………………… (hurt) in an accident. PAST 3. This exercise ………………………… (do) very carefully. PRESENT CONTINUOUS 4. The box ………………………… (not open) for the last hundred years. PRES. PERFECT 5. This play ………………………… (forget) in a few years’ time. FUTURE 6. …………………………any questions ………………………… (ask) about me? PAST 7. The bridge ………………………… (not build) last year. PAST 8. Stolen cars ………………………… (not, always, find). PRESENT 9. Two of my best cups ………………………… (break). PRESENT PERFECT 10. The old chairs ………………………… (mend). PRESENT CONTINUOUS Ex. 2 - Write a new sentence in the passive, starting with the underlined word: 1. They didn’t give Ann the job. Ann wasn’t …………………………. 2. They should offer Tom the job. I think Tom …………………………. 3. We will send you your results next week. You ………………………….

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

Ex. 3 - Make passive sentences from the words in brackets. 1. Mr Kelly can’t use his office at the moment. (it / redecorate) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Where’s my bicycle? It’s gone! (it / steal) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. Did anyone call the ambulance to the scene of the accident? Yes. But (nobody / injure / so it / not / need) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. Ex. 4 - Make passive sentences. 1. Many people have written books about gorillas. …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. Somebody has discovered a new species. …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. Dr Williams rescued a female monkey. …………………………………………………………………………………………………. Ex. 5 - Write a second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the word in brackets. We have to test these products, (be)-> These products have to be tested. 1. Pavarotti sang the song, (by) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. Nigel's passport was stolen, (had) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. They pay doctors a lot of money, (are) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. I hope they'll interview me for the job. (to) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5. Someone was cleaning the floor, (being) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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ISFSC - COMMU 1 & EMU 1

Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

5 Phrasal verbs1 -

A phrasal verb is a verb plus a particle (preposition or adverb) which creates a meaning different from the original verb. Phrasal verbs are common in informal English.

Compare: It took 20 minutes to go through passport control. (normal meaning) Can we go through your proposal again? (new meaning = 'look at carefully' -> phrasal verb) Other examples I ran into my teacher at the movies last night. run + into = meet He ran away when he was 15. run + away = leave home -

There are several types of phrasal verbs.

Some phrasal verbs are transitive (they are used with an object). (cfr 1) Some phrasal verbs are separable. (cfr 1a) Some phrasal verbs are inseparable. (cfr 1b) Some phrasal verbs are intransitive (they cannot be used with an object) (cfr 2). Some phrasal verbs are followed by a preposition. (cfr 3)

1. Transitive phrasal verbs Sometimes a phrasal verb has an object. Usually there are two possible positions for the object. You can say: I looked the number up in the phone book. I looked up the number in the phone book. "the number" is the object of "look up” !!! Although many phrasal verbs can take an object in both places, you must put the object between the verb and the preposition if the object is a pronoun. Examples I looked it up in the phone book. Correct I looked up it in the phone book. Incorrect a. Transitive phrasal verbs: separable The object is placed between the verb and the particle or after the particle. Both positions are fine. Examples She looked the phone number up. or She looked up the phone number.

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Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

Non-exhaustive list: To back up - Have you backed the data up? (= made a copy on your computer - make a copy on a computer: sauvegarder) To call back - I called the company back but the offices were closed for the weekend. (=return a phone call: rappeler) To carry out – Try to carry out your SWOT analysis. (= do a piece of work: exécuter, mener à bonne fin) To clear up - Who's going to clear all this up? (= tidy up: ranger) To cut back - They had to cut their logistics budget back. (= spend less: réduire) To cut off - The phone company cut off our phone because we didn't pay the bill. (= stop providing: couper, déconnecter) To drop off - Can you drop him off at the station? (= take him in your car and leave me: déposer) To fill in/out - Could you fill this application form in/out, please? (= complete by writing information: compléter) To give back - I have to give these skates back to Franz before his hockey game. (= return a borrowed item: rendre) To give up – I gave up playing basketball three years ago. (= quit an habit: abandonner) To lay off – That company had to lay 500 workers off last year. (= dismiss, make redundant: licencier) To look up - I looked up their number in the phone book. (= searched for it in a reference list - search for in a reference list: chercher) To pick up - Can you pick her up at the station? (= collect her in your car: passer prendre) To print out - I’ll print it out for you. (= print from a computer onto paper: imprimer) To call/ring up - I need to ring/call the lawyer up this afternoon. (= telephone: appeler) To set up - We've set up a subsidiary in Portugal. (= established - establish: établir) To sort out - We'll sort it out. (= organise it, put it right, deal with it: trouver une solution) To throw away - Can I throw this magazine away now? (= get rid of it, dispose of it: jeter) To turn down - We turned down their offer. (= refused, said 'no' to - refuse, say 'no' to: refuser) To turn/put on/off – Don’t forget to turn/put on/off the lights! (= start/stop using: allumer/éteindre) b. Transitive phrasal verbs: inseparable The object is always placed after the preposition. Examples I ran into an old friend yesterday. They are looking into the problem. To come across - I came across these old photos when I was tidying the closet. (= found by chance - find by chance: trouver/rencontrer par hasard) To deal with - Can you deal with this invoice, please? (= take the necessary action: s’occuper de) To deal with - We've been dealing with FedCo for a long time. (= doing business with - do business with: avoir affaire à, traiter avec) To deal with - The report deals with e-commerce in the USA. (= is about - be about: traiter de) To do without - I couldn't do without my personal assistant. (= function/manage without: s’en sortir sans) To get on/off - We're going to freeze out here if you don't let us get on the bus. (= step onto/out of a vehicle: monter/descendre) To look after - Can you look after the office while I'm out? (= take care of: s’occuper de) To look for - I'm looking for a red dress for the wedding. (= try to find: chercher) 14

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Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

To take after - I take after my mother. We are both impatient. (= resemble a family member: ressembler à) 2. Intransitive phrasal verbs An intransitive verb cannot be followed by an object. Examples He suddenly showed up. "show up" cannot take an object Non-exhaustive list: To break down - Our car broke down again. (= stopped working - stop working: tomber en panne) To check in - You must check in one hour before departure. (= register, report your arrival: s'enregistrer) To fall through - The two sides were close to an agreement, but it fell through. (= failed, didn't happen - fail, not happen: échouer) To get back - We got back from our vacation last week. (= returned - return: revenir, rentrer) To get up – I got up early today to study for my exam. (= got out of bed - get out of bed: se lever) To get by - I think we can get by with a smaller budget. (= manage to do things: se débrouiller) To go out - We're going out for dinner tonight. (= leaving home to go on a social event leave home to go on a social event: sortir) To hold/hang on - Will you just hold/hang on for a moment? (= wait: attendre) To hang up - He didn't say goodbye before he hung up. (= ended a phone call - end a phone call: raccrocher) To take off - My plane takes off in five minutes. (= starts to fly - start to fly: décoller) To turn up - She might turn up at any moment (= appear suddenly: apparaître soudainement) 3. Phrasal verbs followed by a preposition To keep up with - It's hard to keep up with developments in IT. (= to know all about the changes: se tenir au courant) To look forward to – Are you looking forward to finishing ISFSC? (look forward = be excited about the future: attendre avec impatience) To put up with - I don't think I can put up with three small children in the car. (= tolerate: tolérer) To run out of – We are running out of ideas. (= exhausting supply - exhaust supply: se trouver à court de) Ex. 1 - Underline all the possible word orders from the four alternatives. Sometimes two are possible, sometimes three are possible. 1. I'm too busy to deal with this/deal this with/deal with it/deal it with right now. 2. I'm going to look up the information/look the information up/look up it/look it up on the Internet. 3. I'll call you back tomorrow morning. We're just trying to sort out the problem/sort the problem out/sort it out/sort out it right now.

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Basic Grammar Revision - Part 2

Ex. 2 - Complete each sentence with a phrasal verb that means the same as the words in brackets. The particle has been given to help you. 1. Did you find out why they haven't paid their invoice? (discover) 2. Can you _____________ on a minute until I find the information? (wait) 3. You need to _____________ in this customs declaration. (complete by writing) 4. Any more questions? OK, I’ll _____________ on with my presentation. (continue) 5. You need determination to succeed. Don't _____________ up now. (quit) Ex. 3 - Complete the telephone call with phrasal verbs from the list below that mean the same as the words in brackets. call back (2x) cut off get through breaking up put through rang up sort out speak up Receptionist Tom Receptionist

Tom Receptionist Tom

Receptionist

Tom

Receptionist

Tom

go ahead

go over

hold on

look into

Good morning, Initiative Media, how can I help you? Can you (1) _____ me _____ (connect) to Chris Taylor, please? Of course, hold the line… I’m sorry, I can’t (2) _____ (make contact) at the moment, the line’s busy. Shall I ask him to (3) _____ you_____ (telephone again)? It’s ok, I’ll leave a message. Ok, (4) _____ (wait) just a second while I look for a pen… Right, (5) _____ (continue). My name is Tom Cannaghan, from Morton Security. Mr Taylor (6) _____ me _____ (telephoned) yesterday. He wanted me to (7) _____ (investigate) the cost of installing an alarm system for your premises. I said I’d (8) _____ (telephone again) him _______ today. I’m sorry, Mr. Cannaghan, the line is very bad, can you (9) _____ (talk louder) please? Hello? I’m sorry, you’re (10) _____ (having problems with the signal). Hello?... Sorry about that. I’m on a train using my mobile phone and we were (11) _____ (disconnected) in a tunnel. Er, yes, as I was saying, I’ve managed to (12) _____ something _____ (organise). Can you tell him that I’ll send him a quotation along with all the other details? Oh, right, er, can I just (13) _____ (check) that again? Your name is Tom Cannaghan, from Morton Security and you’re going to send some details about an alarm system. That’s right. Er, thank you for your help. Goodbye.

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