RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

FRQNT Research Day Montreal, Canada, April 11th, 2011

Balancing renewable energies – the European Challenge Jürgen Karl Chair of Energy Process Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität ErlangenNürnberg, Germany

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

1. Impact of Renewable Energies on the European energy system Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

• • • •

Electricity costs Grid stability Employment effects Security-of-supply

2. Back-up solutions for renewable energies • Back-up technologies for renewable energies • Decentralized or centralized generation

3. Storage solutions for the Energiewende • Storage tasks • Chemical Storage Solutions

4. Ongoing energy research @ FAU • Fuel cell reserach • Biomass gasification • Methanation of biogenic syngas

Folie

2

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU

1. Impact of Renewable Energies on the European energy system

Conclusions

• • • •

Electricity costs Grid stability Employment effects Security-of-supply

Folie

Folie

3

3

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Impact of the Renewable Energy Law in Germany Facts Backup Solutions

• German Renewable Energy Law („EEG“) initiated a booming industry… • Biomass, Wind and PV cover up to 88 % of Germany‘s actual power consumption approximately 33% of the annual power consumption in 2015

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Installed capacity(kW)

50%

7x 33 x

37 x

Folie

4

EEG surpassed all expectations …

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

Installed capacity 47,3 %

40%

30%

Photovoltaics

39,8 GW

20% Wind power

44,7 GW

10%

0% 1990

2000

2010 2015 www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

Public perception • the „Energiewende“ faces an intensive discussion in Germany…

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

5

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

6

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Criticism against the German „Energiewende“

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

1. Renewables are expensive 2. Renewables put grid stability at risk 3. Renewable energies kill jobs 4. Renewables reduce the security-of-supply

Folie

7

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Electricity prices at the European Energy Exchange

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

• German „privileged

industries“ *) experienced the lowest power prices in Europe *) „energy

intensive industries“, i.e. 25% of the German power consumption

Folie

Phelix Day Base

electricity droped average electricity prices from 6 to 2 ct/kWh

8 ct/kWh

6 ct/kWh

installed renewable capacity

Installed capacity renewables

electricity price

Conclusions

• Excess of renewable

100 GW

10 ct/kWh

Resreach@FAU

80 GW

60 GW

4 ct/kWh

40 GW

2 ct/kWh

20 GW

8

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.eex.de, 8.4.2017 www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Criticism against the German „Energiewende“

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

1. Renewables are expensive 2. Renewables put grid stability at risk 3. Renewables kill jobs 4. Renewables reduce the security-of-supply

1,2

1) for

private consumers and small enterprises only 2) scenarios without renewables would have been more expensive Folie

9

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

Discussion grid stability

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

• Wind power concentrates in

northern Germany, PV in the South

• transport capacities are

(probably…) not sufficient on the long-term

Folie

10

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

System Average Interruption Duration – SAIDI Index Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

• the SAIDI/SAIFI indices describe the reliability of the electricity supply • The SAIDI index is defined as the system average interruption duration for customers served per year.

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

SAIDI =

Total Customer-Hours/Minutes of Interruptions Total Customers Served

11

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

System Average Interruption Duration – SAIDI Index Facts

• the SAIDI/SAIFI indices describe the reliability of the electricity supply

Backup Solutions

minutes per year

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU

share of renewables installed capacity in %

Conclusions

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50%

25

20 15 10

21,5

Germany 19,3

16,9 14,6 14,9

15,3 15,9 15,3 12,3

0

40% 30%

EEG in Zahlen 2014, www.bundesnetzagentur.de

100 Larsen, Peter H., et al. "Recent trends in power system reliability and implications for evaluating future investments in resiliency." Energy 117 (2016): 29-46.

50%

solar

20%

0%

150

80%

60%

www.bundesnetzagentur.de

200

90%

70%

5

50 0

40% 30% 20%

wind

minutes per year 250

100%

10%

Folie

USA

10%

hydro

0% DOE, 2015 Renewable Energy Data Book

12

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Criticism against the German „Energiewende“

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

1. Renewables are expensive 2. Renewables put grid stability at risk 3. Renewable energies kill jobs 4. Renewables reduce the security-of-supply

1,2

1) for

private consumers and small enterprises only 2) scenarios without renewables would have been more expensive Folie

13

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Impact of renewable energies on employment situation in Germany

• Renewable energies

created more than 360.000 thousand jobs

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

• But volatile markets cause

Resreach@FAU

currently large uncertainties …

Conclusions

approx. 756.000 employes

Folie

14

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

Approx. 363100 employes www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Criticism against the German „Energiewende“

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

1. Renewables are expensive 2. Renewables put grid stability at risk 3. Renewables kill jobs 4. Renewables reduce the security-of-supply

1,2

1) for

private consumers and small enterprises only 2) scenarios without renewables would heve been more expensive Folie

15

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

2nd Challenge:

614 TWh

Age structure of the conventional power plant structure

541 TWh

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Deficites due to shutdowns within the next 10 years:

• Germany - 257 TWh (42%) • France - 360 TWh (66%) under construction (gas + coal)

• Germany approx. • France approx.

+ 9 TWh + 16 TWh

• planned Renewables in Germany

(„Ausbaukorridor“) + 113 TWh (18%)

Folie

16

60 years 50

next 10 years

(regular) lifetime 40 years*)

closed down

40

*) design

specification

30 20

nuclear lignite coal natural gas oil

10

8

6

4 Germany

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

Sources: http://globalenergyobservatory.org https://www.iaea.org/pris, Kraftwerksliste BNetzA Energiedaten BMWi and others

2

0

2

4

6

8 GW

France www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts

Criticism against the German „Energiewende“

Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

1. Renewables are expensive 2. Renewables put grid stability at risk 3. Renewables kill jobs 4. Renewables reduce the security-of-supply

1,2

1) for

private consumers and small enterprises only 2) scenarios without renewables would heve been more expensive Folie

17

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Conclusions

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

1.

Renewable energies create jobs and stabilize the energy system at reasonable costs

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

18

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

2. Back-up solutions for renewable energies

• Back-up technologies for renewable energies • Decentralized or centralized generation

Folie

19

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Why will upcoming energy systems be small? Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

• Public acceptance, investment risks and fossil fuel prices will further delay new conventional power plants

• Renewable energies will have to substitute large conventional power plants…

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

…but renewable energies need back-up solutions!

20

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Why will upcoming energy systems be small? Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

• Public acceptance, investment risks and fossil fuel prices will further delay new conventional power plants

• Renewable energies will have to substitute large conventional power plants…

Resreach@FAU Conclusions PEM electrolyser, Siemens

Smart UPS systems

PEM Electrolyser

Storage EnergyServer, Bloomenergy

Folie

21

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

CHP solutions (i.e. Fuel Cells, gas engines, microturbines, ORC…) www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Conclusions

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

1.

Renewable energies create jobs and stabilize the energy system at reasonable costs

2.

Key technologies on the medium- and long-term are small-scale (CHP-) systems and storage solutions

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

22

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

3. Storage solutions for the Energiewende

• Storage tasks • Chemical Storage Solutions

Folie

23

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Storage tasks Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Storage systems: • Baseload storage (i.e. Batteries)

Base load Storage Systems • Efficient Storage systems • z.B. Batteries, CAES oder Pumpspeicher

Folie

24

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

A Summer Week in Germany…

• Increasing the share of wind and PV requires affordable and efficient back-up capacities… Todays PV power

Power Production In GW 70

60

PV

50

Wind

Natural Gas bituminous coial

40 30 20 efficient daily load shift Requires 10of PV power to the base load Mo 15.07. Folie

Tue 16.07.

Wed 17.07.

continued installation of PV Thu 18.07.

Fr 19.07.

Sat 20.07.

lignite Nuclear Hydro

Su 21.07.2013

25

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Storage tasks Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Storage systems: • Baseload storage (i.e. Batteries)

• Peak Power Storage systems (z.B. pumped hydro, gas turbines)

Folie

Base load Storage Systems • Efficient Storage systems • z.B. Batteries, CAES oder Pumpspeicher

Peak Power Storage solutions • Highly dynamic Systems with high capacity • z.B. uses existing power plant infrastructure

26

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

A Spring Week in Germany…

• Increasing the share of wind and PV requires affordable

and efficient back-up capacities… • Increasing the share of wind and PV requires affordable and most flexible back-up capacities…

Power Production In GW 70

PV

Wind Pumped hydro

60 50

Natural Gas bituminous coial

40 30

„Energiewende“ further requires 20 cheap *) back-up capacities (i.e. gas turbines) *)

due to low runtimes 10

Nuclear Hydro Mo 15.04.

Folie

27

lignite

Tue 16.04.

Wed 17.04.

Thu 18.04.

Fr 19.04.

Sat 20.04.

Su 21.04.2013

By-the way: gas turbines don‘t have to be efficient…

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Storage tasks Facts Backup Solutions

Large storage Systems (Second Generation Fuels)

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU

• Long-term storage of PV and Wind power

Conclusions

Storage systems: • Baseload storage (i.e. Batteries)

• Peak Power Storage systems (z.B. pumped hydro, gas turbines)

Base load Storage Systems • Efficient Storage systems • z.B. Batteries, CAES oder Pumpspeicher

Peak Power Storage solutions • Highly dynamic Systems with high capacity • z.B. uses existing power plant infrastructure

• Systems with large

Storage Capacities (Second Generation Fuels and Chemical Storage)

Folie

28

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Power generation in Germany

Winter 2010-2013

• Solar power is generally low in winter times • Problematic are in particular low wind periods

Leistung in MW 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 80000

Januar

Februar

März

2010

März

2011

60000 40000 20000 0 80000

Januar

2 weeks „Dunkelflaute“ Februar conv. generation

Wind

PV

60000 40000 20000 0 80000

Januar

Februar

März

2012

Januar

Februar

März

2013

60000 40000 20000 Folie

29

0

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Power production in Germany

Winter 2010-2013

• Solar power is generally low in winter times • Problematic are in particular low wind periods

• Strategic storage systems have to secure up to two weeks Leistung in MW 100000

Januar

Februar

Solution: „Second Generation Fuels“ / März „Power-to-X“… Wind und PV x 5

80000 60000 40000 20000 0 100000

2 weeks „Dunkelflaute“ (= dark lull)

Wind and PV x 10

80000 60000 40000 20000

2011 Folie

30

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Storage tasks Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

3

„strategic“ storage

Resreach@FAU

• Long-term storage of PV and Wind power

Conclusions

Storage systems:

Base load Storage Systems

• Baseload storage

• Efficient Storage systems

(i.e. Batteries)

• Peak Power Storage systems (z.B. pumped hydro, gas turbines)

• Systems with large

Storage Capacities (Second Generation Fuels and Chemical Storage)

Folie

Large storage Systems (Second Generation Fuels)

1

• z.B. Batteries, CAES oder Pumpspeicher

efficient storage

Peak Power Storage solutions • Highly dynamic Systems with high capacity • z.B. uses existing power plant infrastructure

2

peak load storage

31

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Storage tasks Facts Backup Solutions

efficient storage target:

η=100%

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU

1

100%

Conclusions

Storage systems:

2

Peak load storage target:

20 GW 1,5 Mio. batteries

100 plants

80%

• Baseload storage

60%

• Peak Power Storage systems

40%

3

‚strategic‘ storage target:

20 TWh Existing gas power plants and gas storage

(i.e. Batteries)

(z.B. pumped hydro, gas turbines)

• Systems with large

Storage Capacities (Second Generation Fuels and Chemical Storage)

Folie

1,5 Mio. batteries

20% 0%

15.000 batteries

100 plant

1 plant

32

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Conclusions

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

1.

Renewable energies create jobs and stabilize the energy system at reasonable costs

2.

Key technologies on the medium- and long-term are small-scale (CHP-) systems and storage solutions

3.

Different storage tasks require different storage technologies and business cases

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

33

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

4. Ongoing energy research @ FAU • Fuel cell reserach • Biomass gasification • Methanation of biogenic syngas

Folie

34

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Example Facts

Fuel Cell / Electrolyser research @ FAU • Load flexible SOFC Fuel Cells / SOEC electrolysers

Backup Solutions

for high temperature electrolysis for the production of renewable hydrogen

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU

• Integration of heat pipes into the stack

Conclusions

without HP

Repeating unit stack

Air inlet

cell5 cell1

Fuel inlet

Repeating unit stack

Air inlet

Planar Heat Pipe

cell5 cell1

with 1 HP every 10 cell layers Folie

35

Fuel inlet Heatpipe Interconnector

1020 K

1350 K

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Example Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Biomass gasification @ FAU Hydrogen from Biomass

• In-situ extraction of pure Hydrogen with metallic membranes (technology: Heatpipe Reformer)

1. Schritt: Thermal gasification

CHxOy + H2O

gasifications

(Biomasse)

CO + 3 H2 + CO , H O, etc. 2

2

ultra pure hydrogen

Folie

36

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Example Facts Backup Solutions

Second Generation Fuels @ FAU

• Allothermal gasification (Heatpipe reformer) SNG production from sulfurous fuels • Syngas cleaning and process chain demonstration

Storage Solution Resreach@FAU Conclusions

• Production of synthetic „natural gas"

1. Step: Thermal gasification

("Methanation") from biomass and lignite

CHxOy + H2O

gasification

(Biomass)

CO + 3 H+2

CO

CH4

+3 2. Step: Methanation Folie

CO2, H2O, etc.

hydrogenation hydrogen

+

H2O, CO2, …

heat

37

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de

RLS – Energy Network Panel, iSEneC, Nürnberg, July 12th, 2016

Conclusions

Facts Backup Solutions

Storage Solution

1.

Renewable energies create jobs and stabilize the energy system at reasonable costs

2.

Key technologies on the medium- and long-term are small-scale (CHP-) systems and storage solutions

3.

Different storage tasks require different storage technologies and business cases

4.

Upcoming challenges require to maximize our joint research activities and transnational cooperation

Resreach@FAU Conclusions

Folie

38

Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen (CBI) • Lehrstuhl für Energieverfahrenstechnik • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Karl

www.evt.cbi.uni-erlangen.de