AP BIOLOGY SUMMER ASSIGNMENT 2014 Dear Prospective AP Biology Student, Welcome to AP Biology! As stated on the cover page, the two central goals of AP Biology are to help you develop a conceptual framework for modern biology and to gain a deeper appreciation of science as a process. The AP Biology Curriculum centers around four Big Ideas and you will need to know these and understand how they relate to each other. These four Big Ideas are: -

Big Idea 1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life. Big Idea 2: Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis. Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes. Big Idea 4: Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties.

What you need to do over the summer: The summer assignment is divided into several tasks. Some are due over the summer and some are due in September. Do not wait until the last week of summer to start. You will miss deadlines, fail to complete the packet, and be removed from the course. 1. Write a letter of introduction and email it to Mrs. Barnes. Due by Friday, June 27th, 2014. 2. Complete the Biology Scavenger Hunt and make your weekly posts to the RHS AP Bio Padlet Wall starting June 23rd, 2014. 3. Complete the Biology Prefixes ad Suffixes assignment. Due on the first day of school! 4. Read Sections 47.5, 47.6, pgs. 852-853, and Sections 47.9, 47.10, 47.11, 47.12, pgs. 856-863, in Biology “Unity and Diversity of Life” by Starr and Taggart. Create a cartoon booklet and/ or comic for the carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and water cycle. Due on the first day of school! 5. Read Chapter 27, pgs. 462-476, and Section 46.11, pgs. 838-839, in Biology “Unity and Diversity of Life” by Starr and Taggart. Write a free response essay on island biogeography. Due August 1st, 2014 via email to [email protected] Please be prepared to discuss concepts introduced in the assignments on the first day of school. I am looking forward to working with you in the coming school year. It will be hard, but fun. With dedication, you will succeed. Come ready to work hard and learn. Contact me via email if any assistance is needed over the summer. Have a wonderful and safe summer! Mrs. Adrienne Barnes

SUMMER ASSIGNMENT TASK INSTRUCTIONS TASK #1 - LETTER OF INTRODUCTION We are going to spend a lot of time together next year, so it’s best if I get a head start on learning a bit about you. Also I will use the Internet and the Web a lot next year for this course, so let’s get you used to communicating with me via e-mail. Your first digital assignment is to successfully send an e-mail to me, your AP Biology teacher. Due date: Friday, June 27th, 2014 Draft an e-mail following these rules: a. Use clearly written, full sentences. Do not abbreviate words like you are texting with a friend. Use spell check! This is a professional communication like you would have with a college professor, so let’s practice for your rapidly approaching future! b. Email the letter to: [email protected] c. Make the Subject: “AP Bio: Introduction to ” (Do not include the quote marks or the brackets, just the words) d. Begin the e-mail with a formal salutation, like “Dear Mrs. Barnes,”. e. Now introduce yourself (your name and/or nickname) and tell me a little bit about yourself. Include answers to the following at minimum.           

What do you like to do (hobbies, sports, music, interests, etc.)? Tell me a little bit about your family (Mom? Dad? Guardian? Siblings? Pets?) Was there anything that you liked about your earlier biology class? Was there anything that you didn’t like about your earlier biology class? Who was your last science teacher? What class? What other science classes have you taken? Are you planning on taking any other science classes next year? What was the last book you read for fun? What are you looking forward to the most in AP Biology? What are you most anxious about in AP Biology? Why are you taking AP Biology? What do you hope to accomplish/gain?

f. End the e-mail with a formal closing: “Cordially,”, “Sincerely,”, “Warm regards,”, etc. and add your name as if you signed a letter.

TASK #2 - Biology Scavenger Hunt Due Date: Responses must be posted weekly throughout the summer as instructed below! For this part of your summer assignment, you will be familiarizing yourself with science terms which we will be using at different points throughout the year. The list of terms is on the next page. 1. Each item is worth 2 points. You must earn 100 points by Friday, August 29th, 2014. You are required to post 3 photos each week starting the week of June 23rd, 2014: Earn 100 points by “collecting” 50 items from the list of terms. When I say “collect”, I mean you should collect that item by finding it and taking a photograph (digital or paper printed) of that item. You will post your photographs with appropriate explanations / descriptions on the AP Biology Padlet Wall. Website address: http://padlet.com/abarnes78/rhsapbio Password: rhsapbiofun Once signed in, click on the pencil icon in the bottom left hand corner of the page and a box will appear in which you can add your post. You can type your message directly into the box. Be sure to identify yourself in the post so you can get credit for your work! Once the box for your post appears, there will be three icons towards the bottom of the box. The first icon allows you to add a link to a website to your post. The second icon allows you to upload a file to your post. This is the icon you will use the most since it will allow you to post your pictures along with your description. The third icon allows you to take a photo from a webcam. This feature will not be used. 2. YOU CAN BE CREATIVE: If you choose an item that is internal to a plant or animal, like the term “phloem”, you could submit a photograph of the whole organism or a close up of one part, and then explain on the wall what phloem is and specifically where phloem is in your specimen. 3. ORIGINAL PHOTOS ONLY: You cannot use an image from any publication or the Web. You must have taken the photograph yourself. The best way to prove that is to place an item in all of your photographs that only you could have added each time, something that you might usually have on you like a pen or a coin or a key or your cell phone, etc. 4. NATURAL ITEMS ONLY: All items must be from something that you have found in nature. Take a walk around your yard, neighborhood, and town. DON’T SPEND ANY MONEY! Research what the term means and in what organisms it can be found... and then go out and find an example.

BIOLOGY SCAVENGER HUNT ITEMS Below are the items you are to “collect”. An individual organism can only be used once. Humans are acceptable for one category only. You must take all photos yourself; no Internet photos! GROUPINGS Each specimen in a category is worth 2 points up to a total of 5 specimens in the category. Except where noted every specimen must be native to New Jersey. 1. Different biomes (only 1 must be within NJ) 2. Different types of carbohydrates 3. Different classes of proteins 4. Evidence of different alleles for the same trait 5. Distinguishing characteristics between monocots & dicots 6. Organisms in different kingdoms 7. Organisms in different animal phyla 8. Organisms in different plant divisions 9. Organisms in same class but different orders 10. Organisms in same order but different family 11. Organisms in same genus but are different species 12. Organisms on different levels of the same food chain INDIVIDUAL ITEMS Each specimen is worth 2 points. You may have up to 2 examples of each item; submitting more than 2 will not add any additional points. These do not need to be native to New Jersey. 1. adaptation of an animal

2. adaptation of a plant

3. altruistic behavior

4. amniotic egg

5. analagous structures

6. animal that has a segmented body

7. anther & filament of stamen

8. Archaebacteria

9. asexual reproduction

10. ATP

11. autotroph

12. auxin producing area of a plant

13. basidiomycete

14. Batesian mimicry

15. bilateral symmetry

16. biological magnification

17. C3 plant

18. C4 plant

19. CAM plant

20. Calvin cycle

21. cambium

22. cellular respiration

23. coevolution

24. commensalism

25. connective tissue

26. cuticle layer of a plant

27. Detritovore

28. dominant vs. recessive phenotype

29. ectotherm

30. endosperm

31. endotherm

32. Enzyme

33. epithelial tissue

34. ethylene

35. eubacteria

36. eukaryote

37. exoskeleton

38. Fermentation

39. flower ovary

40. frond

41. gametophyte

42. genetic variation within a population

43. genetically modified organism

45. glycogen

46. gymnosperm cone – male or female

47. gymnosperm leaf

48. Hermaphrodite

49. heterotroph

50. homeostasis

51. homologous structures

52. hydrophilic

53. hydrophobic

54. introduced species

55. keystone species

56. Krebs cycle

57. K-strategist

58. lichen

59. lipid used for energy storage

60. littoral zone organism

61. long-day plant

62. mating behavior (be careful!)

63. meristem

64. modified leaf of a plant

65. modified root of a plant

66. modified stem of a plant

67. Mullerian mimicry

68. mutualism

69. mycelium

70. mycorrhizae

71. niche

72. parasitism

73. parenchyma cells

74. phloem

75. pollen

76. pollinator

77. population

78. Predation

79. prokaryote

80. r-strategist

81. radial symmetry(animal)

82. redox reaction

83. rhizome

84. seed dispersal (animal, wind, water)

85. spore

86. sporophyte

87. stigma & style of carpel

88. succession

89. taxis

90. territorial behavior

91. tropism

92. unicellular organism

93. vestigial structures

94. xylem

44. Gibberellins

TASK #3 - Biology Prefixes and Suffixes-The Language of Science The main reason students find it difficult to understand science is because of all the hard to write, spell and read words. Actually, scientific vocabulary is a mix of small words that are linked together to have different meanings. If you learn the meanings of the little words, you'll find scientific vocabulary much easier to understand. Find the mean to the following Greek/Latin root words. Word

Meaning

Word

a / an

hemo

meso

hyper

leuco

hypo

aero

intra

anti

-itis

amphi

lateral

aqua / hydro

-logy

arthro

-lysis

auto

-meter

bi / di

mono

bio

morph

cephal

micro

chloro

macro

chromo

multi / poly

cide

pod

cyto

-phobia

derm

-philia

haplo

proto

Meaning

ecto (exo)

photo

endo

psuedo

epi

synthesis

gastro

sub

genesis

troph

herba

therm

hetero

tri

homo

zoo, zoa

ov

-tropism

kary

-taxis

neuro

-stasis

soma

zyg / zygous

saccharo

phago

primi / archea

path / pathy

phyll

sym / syn

Once you have completed the above table, use it to develop a definition for each of the following terms. 1. Hydrology __________________________________________________________________ 2. Cytolysis _________________________________________________________________ 3. Protozoa___________________________________________________________________ 4. Epidermis __________________________________________________________________ 5. Spermatogenesis ___________________________________________________________ 6. exoskeleton________________________________________________________________ 7. Abiotic ____________________________________________________________________

8. Pathogen _________________________________________________________________ 9. psuedopod ________________________________________________________________ 10. Hemophilia _______________________________________________________________ 11. Endocystosis ______________________________________________________________ 12. herbicide ________________________________________________________________ 13. Anaerobic ________________________________________________________________ 14. Bilateral __________________________________________________________________ 15. autotroph _______________________________________________________________ 16. Monosaccharide __________________________________________________________ 17. Arthropod ________________________________________________________________ 18. polymorphic ______________________________________________________________ 19. Hypothermia ______________________________________________________________ 20. Biogenesis ________________________________________________________________

TASK #4 - Biogeochemical Cycles Comic Book Many things in Biology occur in cycles. By studying these cycles, scientists can better understand the world around us. Several cycles covered in the ecology section are of great importance to living organisms and understanding their role in these cycles is a key concept in Biology. Research the parts of each cycle and create a cartoon and/or comic depicting the stages in that cycle. Be creative. For example, you can turn the components of the cycle into cartoon characters. Don’t stress! Just use your imagination. Directions: 

Each cycle must be represented on its own sheet of letter size paper and each comic page must have a title.



All writing should be done in print not cursive.



The back of each page must include a summary describing the actions taking place in your cartoon. Be sure that you connect these ideas to ecology (i.e. movement of energy, food chains/webs, trophic interactions, etc.)



Create a cover for your comic book with a title and your name.



Bind all pages together to create a comic book.

There are no rules that prevent characters, or objects, from one comic page appearing in another if it represents a logical connection(s) between the cycles.

TASK # 5 - THIS ASSIGNMENT IS DUE AUGUST 1st, 2014 VIA EMAIL Directions: Read Advice for Answering Free Response Questions found on the last two pages of this packet. STOP! Did you read ALL the directions before attempting to read and respond to this question? If not, go read Advice for Answering Free Response Questions. If so, proceed to the question and refer to the “advice” as you respond!  Question: The study of island biogeography has been used to help wildlife managers in national parks and wildlife refuges assess and predict the biodiversity of the areas they oversee. a. How can national parks or wildlife refuges be compared to islands? b. Imagine you are on the Department of the Interior Committee and have the ability to make and implement suggestions for all national wildlife areas in the United States. Using what you know about the factors at work in island biogeography, describe three suggestions you would make to help improve or preserve the biodiversity of all flora and fauna in our national park system.