Annex. Annex A: Sites visited for the field research. Region # of sites Sites Date

Annex Annex A: Sites visited for the field research Region # of sites Sites Date Caprivi (eastern) 5 Marakavan, Bito, Waya Waya, Kyarecan and Mu...
Author: Erica Todd
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Annex Annex A: Sites visited for the field research Region

# of sites

Sites

Date

Caprivi (eastern)

5

Marakavan, Bito, Waya Waya, Kyarecan and Mulanga

5-12 August 2012

Caprivi (western – i.e. Bwabwata National Park)

4

Omega 1, Mushashane and Mushangara

23-31 October 2011

Mashambo

31 May 2012

Kavango

4

Likwaterera and Wiwi

10-18 April 2012

Xeidang and Ndama

1-9 May 2012

Oshana

1

Okaukuejo

8-12 December 2011

Kunene

1

Outjo (Etosha Poort)

6-9 February 2012

Oshikoto

3

Oshivelo

16-20 July 2012

Tsintsabis and Farm Six (both visited twice)

16-18 April 2012 and 28-30 June 2012

Ekoka and Ouholamo

22-29 April 2012

Oshikoha and Onane

21-28 May 2012

Omukukutu and Omiishi

18-25 June 2012

Skoonheid

October 2011

Gobabis (Epako)

14-17 February 2012

Blouberg

2-5 April 2012

Corridors 13 and 17

3-9 June 2012

Otjinene

9-12 September 2012

Okatseidhi and Amarika

3-10 July 2012

Okathakanguti and Okapya

18-26 September 2012

Tsumkwe and Nyae Nyae Conservancy (||Xa|hoba and N‡animh)

7-15 November 2011

N‡a Jaqna Conservancy (Mangetti Dune, Luhebo and Omatako)

30 January to 5 February 2012

Vergenoeg

21-23 July 2012

Uitkoms

22 July 2012

Ohangwena

Omaheke

Omusati

Otjozondjupa

Total

6

6

4

8

42

Field research period: 23 October 2011 to 26 September 2012

Bibliography 

631

Annex B: Stakeholder interviews Name of Interviewee Institution and/or position Windhoek (Khomas Region) Lara Diez, Wendy Viall Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia (NNDFN) Sam Mayinoti Independent consultant Aaron Classe Office of the Prime Minister (OPM), Division of San Development John Walters Ombudsman Namibia Nelago S. Kasuto KOMEHO Managing Director Hilma Mote Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI) Oloff Munjanu Executive Director, Namibia National Farmers Union (NNFU) Dannie van Vuuren Namibia Agricultural Union (NAU) Caprivi Region Mickey Lukaezi Chief Clerk, Sabbinda Constituency Caprivi (western) – Bwabwata National Park (BNP) Apollinaris A. Kannyinga Deputy Director: Ministry of Lands and Resettlement (MLR) North-East Alfred Chedau Senior field officer, Natural Resource Management Team, Integrated Rural Development and Nature Conservation (IRDNC) Eben Tjiteere High Value Plants specialist, IRDNC Joseph Kapinga, Paulus Senior headmen, Mushashane village – under Mbukushu TA Magonge, Paulus Kangombe Marinda Kativa Senior headman, Block D – under Mbukushu TA Andreas Muhoka, Mahoka Junior headmen, Block D – under Mbukushu TA Mahaku Friedrich Alpers Coordinator, IDRNC BNP Project Shakoiyi Thithingo Headman, Omega I Thaddeus Chedau Kyaramacan Association Dindeku Mujumo Khwe headmen, Omega I Mushavanga Mbundu Khwe headmen, Omega I Kavango Region Teresia Oswald Social worker, Directorate of Child Welfare Michael Shikongo Councillor, Rundu Rural East Constituency Agnes T. Yihembe Headwoman, Likwaterera village Andreas M. Hausiku Secretary of Village Development Committee (VDC) and headwoman Johannes T. Sikaki Member of Likwaterera Resettlement Project Ms Hamutenya Head nurse, Mpungu clinic Nyundu Vipanda Farm labourer on Farm Gomez Ncamushe Ncumucao Headman, Xeidang village Loide Kahsay Chief Clerk, Rundu Rural West Constituency Peter Mbungwa Nurse, Ndama clinic Kunene, Oshana and Oshikoto Regions Abraham Job Regional Councillor, Outjo Constituency Chief David ||Khamuxab Chief of the Hai||om Ohangwena Region Vilho Shapwa Deputy headman, Oshikoha village Ms Albertine A non-San teacher living with a San boy Selma Kashinduka Teacher, Shatipamba combined school Mr Abraham Headman, Onane village Omaheke Region Denitia Boshoff Omaheke San Trust (OST) Ignaius Kariseb Regional Councillor, Kalahari Constituency Pijoo Nganate Advisor to the Omaheke Regional Governor Ellis Tjiueza Community Skills Development Centre (COSDEC) Elizabeth Kasata School hostel caretaker, Blouberg Omusati Region Martha Uushona Chief Clerk, Tsandi Constituency Simone Teacher, Okatseidhi Primary School Emily Nihepa Caretaker of the water project in Amarika Simeon Kasheli Headman, Amarika village Simono J. Natongwe Enrolled nurse, Amarika clinic Otjozondjupa Region – all in N‡a Jaqna Conservancy Sara Sungu Chairperson, N‡a Jaqna Conservancy Committee Lois Kinuthia Registered nurse in charge of Mangetti Health Centre Sister Leena Nurse, Omatako clinic Chief John Arnold Chief of the !Kung

632

 “Scraping the Pot”: San in Namibia Two Decades After Independence

Date

Place

7/12/2011 2/10/2012 31/1/2013 25/2/2013 21/5/2013 20/3/2013 4/4/2013 19/3/2013

NNDFN office LAC office OPM Office of the Ombudsman KOMEHO Office LaRRI office NNFU office NAU office

9/8/2012

Bito village

24/10/2011 24/10/2011

MLR offices, Rundu IRDNC Camp, Buffalo

24/10/2011 26/10/2011

IRDNC Camp, Buffalo Mushashane village

26/10/2011 26/10/2011

Mushashane village Mushashane village

26/10/2011 28/10/2011 29/10/2011 30/10/2011 30/10/2011

N//gobaca Campsite Omega I Omega I Omega I Omega I

12/4/2012 12/4/2012 12/4/2012 13/4/2012 13/4/2012 17/4/2012 3/5/2012 4/5/2012 5/5/2012 7/5/2012

Rundu Rundu Likwaterera village Likwaterera village Likwaterera village Mpungu Xeidang village Xeidang village Rundu Rundu

6/2/2012 9/2/2012

Outjo Outjo

23/5/2012 23/5/2012 24/5/2012 27/5/2012

Oshikoha village Omauni village Omauni village Onane village

16/2/2012 16/2/2012 16/2/2012 16/2/2012 5/4/2012

Gobabis Gobabis Gobabis Gobabis Blouberg

5/7/2012 5/7/2012 8/7/2012 8/7/2012 9/7/2012

Tsandi Okatseidhi village Amarika village Amarika village Amarika village

3/2/2012 3/2/2012 5/2/2012 6/2/2012

Mangetti Mangetti Omatako Omatako

Bibliography Contemporary art of San in Namibia (Photos provided by Karin le Roux)

Bibliography 

633

Books, research reports, academic articles and conference papers Ambunda, L.K. (2008). “Women and custom in Namibia: A research overview”. In O.C. Ruppel (ed.), Women and Custom in Namibia: Cutural Practice versus Gender Equality? Windhoek: Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. Anaya, J. (2012). “Statement of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, James Anaya, upon concluding his visit to Namibia on 20-28 September 2012”. Accessed at http://unsr.jamesanaya.org/statements/statement-of-thespecial-rapporteur-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples-james-anaya-upon-concluding-his-visit-to-namibia-from20-28-september-2012 (website of The University of Arizona Support Project for the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples). Anaya, J. (2013). “Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: The situation of indigenous peoples in Namibia (A/HRC/24/41/Add.1)”. Accessed at http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/IPeoples/SRIndigenousPeoples/ Pages/CountryReports.aspx (website of the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights). Arowolo, O. (2011). The San in Namibia: A Socio-economic Study. Windhoek: Division of San Development, Office of the Prime Minister, . Arowolo, O., K. Hofnie and K.K. Matengu (2011). End of Program Evaluation of the 4th GRN/UNFPA Country Programme (2006-2012). Windhoek: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Averill, C. (2010). “San workers are always left behind and we are always behind everyone”: San Workers on Commercial Farms in Omaheke Region, Namibia – A Study of Power and Identity. Sheffield, UK: University of Sheffield. Ayisa, K.M., D. Berger and P. Hailundu (2002). “The Status of the San at Ekoka Resettlement, Ohangwena Region”. Windhoek: Rössing Foundation and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Barnard, A. (1992). Hunters and Herders of Southern Africa: A Comparative Ethnography of the Khoisan Peoples. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Barnard, A. (2002). “The foraging mode of thought”. In H. Steward, A. Barnard and K. Omura (eds), Self- and OtherImages of Hunter-Gatherers. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology. Barnard, A. and J. Woodburn (1988). “Introduction”. In T. Ingold, D. Riches and J. Woodburn (eds), Hunters and Gatherers 2: Property, Power and Ideology. Oxford, New York and Hamburg: Berg Publishers. Barume, A. (2013). “The right to consultation and participation under ILO Convention No. 169 on Indigneous and Tribal Peoples. Paper presented to the Advanced Seminar on Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Namibia, University of Namibia (UNAM), 1 July 2013. Becker, H. (2003). “The Least Sexist Society? Perspectives on Gender and Violence among Southern African San”. In Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 29, No. 1. Begbie-Clench, B. (2011). “Indigenous Peoples and Good Governance”. Master’s thesis submitted to the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), United Kingdom. Berger, D.J. and K. Ayisa (2001). Strategy for Community Mobilization and Integration of Marginalised Groups in Ohangwena Region. Windhoek: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Berger, D.J. and M.E. Zimprich (2002). New Horizons for the San; Participatory Action Research with San Communities in Northern Namibia. Windhoek: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Biesele, M. (1992). Texts for Self-Literacy in Nation-Building: Ju|’hoan Curriculum Consultancy Report. Windhoek: Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia (NNDFN). Biesele, M. (1993). “Handing Over the Koki Pen”: Ju|’hoan Language Consultancy Report to the Village Schools Programme. Windhoek: Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia (NNDFN). Biesele, M. (2009). Ju|’hoan Folktales: Transcriptions and English Translations – A Literacy Primer by and for Youth and Adults of the Ju|’hoan Community. Victoria (BC, Canada): Trafford Publishing Company. Biesele, M. and R.K. Hitchcock (2011). The Ju|’hoan San of Nyae Nyae and Namibian Independence: Development, Democracy, and Indigenous Voices in Southern Africa. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books. Boden, G. (2003). “ ‘Caught in the Middle’: Impacts of State Decisions and Armed Conflicts on Khwe Economy and Ethnicity in West Caprivi between 1998 and 2002”. In T. Hohmann (ed.), San and the State: Contesting Land, Development, Identity and Representation, Vol. 18. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.

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Government of South Africa (government of the Territory of South West Africa) South Africa (1964). Report of the Commission of Inquiry into South West African Affairs. Pretoria: Government Printer.

Namibia legislation (in consecutive order) Constitution of the Republic of Namibia (1990) Labour Act 6 of 1992 National Pension Act 10 of 1992 Namibia Development Corporation Act 18 of 1993 Agricultural (Commercial) Land Reform Act 6 of 1995 Nature Conservation Amendment Act 5 of 1996 Affirmative Action (Employment) Act 29 of 1998 Combating of Rape Act 8 of 2000 Traditional Authorities Act 25 of 2000 Communal Land Reform Act 5 of 2002 Combating of Domestic Violence Act 4 of 2003. Labour Act 15 of 2004 (never came into force in its entirety). Water Resource Management Act 24 of 2004. Labour Act 11 of 2007. Government Notices No. 209 and 210: Declaration of Tsumkwe as an approved township (209); and Declaration of Tsumkwe Extension 1 as an approved township (210). In Government Gazette No. 3933 (2007). Flexible Land Tenure Act 4 of 2012.

International policy documents and institutional reports (including Namibia-specific reports) African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) and International Work Group on Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA) (2008). Report of the African Commission’s Working Groups of Experts on Indigenous Populations/Communities: Mission to the Republic of Namibia, 26 July – 5 August 2005. Banjul (The Gambia) and Copenhagen: ACHPR and IWGIA. African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) (2010) Namibia: Third Periodic Report 2002-2009. Presented and adopted at the ACHPR’s 49th Ordinary Session, Banjul, Gambia, 28 April to 12 May 2011. African Development Bank (2012). African Economic Outlook: Namibia. Accessed at http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/ uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/Namibia%20Full%20PDF%20Country%20Note.pdf. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2008). Food Security Information for Action Practical Guides: An Introduction to the Basic Concepts of Food Security. Brussels: European Commission FAO Food Security Program. Accessed at www. foodsec.org/docs/concepts_guide.pdf.

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Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2009). Enhancing the well-being of women and girls in Ohangwena, Oshana and Caprivi Regions through food security and livelihood improvement initiatives: Baseline Study Report. Windhoek: FAO. Health Unlimited (2003). “Indigenous Peoples – Health Issues: Summary of Presentations at Indigenous Peoples and Socioeconomic Rights Expert Workshop, 20-21 March 2003” (by A. Brown) (mimeo). International Labour Organization (ILO) (1989). Convention No. 169 Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries. Geneva: ILO. International Labour Organization (ILO) (2012). Child Labour and San Peoples in Namibia: An overview assessment. Windhoek: ILO. International Labour Organization (ILO) and African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) (2009). Overview Report of the Research Project by the International Labour Organization and the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the constitutional and legislative protection of the rights of indigenous peoples in 24 African countries. Geneva: ILO. Accessed at http//:www.chr.up.ac.za/indigenous. International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (2006). The Indigenous World 2006. Copenhagen: IWIGIA. International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (2009). The Indigenous World 2009. Copenhagen: IWIGIA. Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) (2013). “Land Grabs Threaten San in Namibia” (by Delme Cupido, 7 July 2013). Accessed at http://www.osisa.org/indigenous-peoples/namibia/land-grabs-threaten-san-namibia. Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) (2013). “Land Laws Failing the San” (by Willem Odendaal, 13 August 2013). Accessed at http://www.osisa.org/indigenous-peoples/blog/land-laws-failing-san. Organization of African Unity (1982). African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (“Banjul Charter”) (27 June 1981, CAB/LEG/67/3 rev. 5, 21 I.L.M. 58). Accessed at http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3630.html. United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) (2007). Concluding Comments of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women: Namibia, 37th Session, 15 January to 2 February 2007 (CEDAW/C/NAM/CO/3). United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) (2008). Consideration of Reports Submitted by State Partices under Article 9 of the Convention: Concluding Observations of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: Namibia, 73rd Session, 28 July to 15 August 2008. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (1998). Namibia Human Development Report 1998. Windhoek: UNDP. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2009). Human Development Report 2009: Overcoming barriers: Human mobility and development. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2013). Human Development Report 2013: The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (1948). The Universal Declaration of Human Right (10 December 1948). United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (1966). International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (2007). United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (2010). The Human Right to Water and Sanitation: Resolution A/RES/64/292. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (2011a). Final Report of the Study on Indigenous peoples and the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Report of the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous People. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (2011b). Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Namibia. United Nations – Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) (2012). Global Report: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic – 2012. United Nations – Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and World Health Organization (WHO) (2008). The Right Health (Fact Sheet No. 31).

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United Nations – Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and Advancement of Women (2010). Gender and Indigenous Peoples. United Nations – World Health Organization (WHO) (1978). Declaration of Alma-Ata: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care (Alma-Atta, USSR). World Education Forum (1990). World Declaration on Education for All. World Education Forum (2000). Dakar Framework for Action: Education for All: Meeting our Collective Commitments.

Miscellaneous website pages Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN) – information on LISUP: http://www.drfn.org.na/projects/land/lisup Health Poverty Action – information on work with indigenous people in Namibia: http://www.healthpovertyaction. org/where-we-work/africa/namibia/treating-and-preventing-tb-in-remote-namibian-communities/. N/a’an ku sê Foundation – information on Lifeline Clinic at Epukiro, Omaheke Region: http://www.naankuse.com/ naankuse-lifeline-clinic.html. Namibia Red Cross Society (NRCS) – information on NRCS programmes: http://www.redcross.org.na/aboutus. php?id=22&title=Health%20and%20care. Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) Namibia – information on the San Development Programme (SDP): http://www. sandevelopment.gov.na/. Right to Education Project – information on project implementation: http://www.right-to-education.org/node/233. United Nations “official site for the MDG Indicators” – information on Millennium Development Goals: http://mdgs. un.org/unsd/mdg/Metadata.aspx?IndicatorId=0&SeriesId=763. World Health Organization (WHO) – information on malaria in Namibia: http://www.aho.afro.who.int/profiles_ information/index.php/Namibia:Analytical_summary_-_Malaria. World Health Organization (WHO) – information on TB in Namibia: http://www.aho.afro.who.int/profiles_information/ index.php/Namibia:Analytical_summary_-_Tuberculosis.

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Acronyms and Abbreviations AALS Affirmative Action Loan Scheme ACHPR African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights AECID Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation AGDT Acacia Grassroots Development Trust AGS AIDS ANC ARI ART BfdW BNP CAA CBD CBNRM CBO CBRP CBS CCN CDC CESCR CGG CIM CLB CLS CNR CoHeNa COSDEC COSDEF CRC CRIAA SA-DC

CRM DAPAP DAPP DEES DHS DOT DSD DRC

Africa Groups of Sweden Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome antenatal care acute respiratory infection anti-retroviral therapy Brot für die Welt Bwabwata National Park Catholic AIDS Action Convention on Biodiversity community-based natural resource management community-based organisation community-based resource person Central Bureau of Statistics Council of Churches in Namibia Constituency Development Committee Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights community game guard Center for International Immigration and Development Communal Land Board Communal Lands Support (Project) case notification rate Advanced Community Health Care Services Namibia Community Skills Development Centre Community Skills Development Foundation Convention on the Rights of the Child Centre for Research-Information-Action in Africa – Southern Africa Development and Consulting community resource monitor Draught Animal Power Acceleration Programme Development Aid from People to People Department of Extension and Emergency Services Demographic and Health Survey directly observed treatment Division of San Development Divundu Rehabilitation Centre

DPM Deputy Prime Minister DWSSC Directorate of Water Supply and Sanitation Coordination (MAWF) DRFN Desert Research Foundation of Namibia ECD early childhood development ELCIN Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia EMIS Education Management Information System (MoE) FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (UN) FAWENA Forum for African Women Educationalists in Namibia FGD focus group discussion FLTS Flexible Land Tenure System FMC Forest Management Committee FMDC Farm Management and Development Committee FURS Farm Unit Resettlement Scheme GIPF Government Institutions Pension Fund GIS Geographic Information System GIZ Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit  GR&AP Gender Research and Advocacy Project (LAC) GRN Government of the Republic of Namibia HDI Human Development Index HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HPI Human Poverty Index HRC Human Rights Committee ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICEIDA Icelandic International Development Agency ICEMA integrated community-based ecosystem management ICERD International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights IGA income-generating activity ILO International Labour Organization IRDNC Integrated Rural Development and Nature Conservation IWGIA International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs KA Kyaramacan Association KaZa Kavango-Zambezi Project KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau KOMEHO Komeho Namibia Development Agency KPF Kalahari Peoples Fund LAC Legal Assistance Centre

Bibliography 

649

LaRRI Labour Resource and Research Institute LEAD Land, Environment and Development Project (LAC) LIPROSAN Livelihood Programme for San (DRFN) LISUP Livelihood Support Programme (DRFN) MAWF Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry MBESC Ministry of Basic Education, Sport and Culture (former name of the MoE) MCA-N Millennium Challenge Account Namibia MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation MDG Millennium Development Goal MDR multi-drug resistant MET Ministry of Environment and Tourism MGECW Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare MLR Ministry of Lands and Resettlement MLRR Ministry of Lands, Resettlement and Rehabilitation (former name of the MLR) MLSW Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare MoE Ministry of Education MoHSS Ministry of Health and Social Services MRLGHRD Ministry of Regional and Local Government, Housing and Rural Development MWCT Ministry of Wildlife Conservation and Tourism (former name of the MET) MYNSSC Ministry of Youth, National Service, Sport and Culture NACSO Namibia Association of CBNRM Organisations NAFWU Namibia Farm Workers Union NAMAS Namibia Association of Norway NAMCOL Namibian College of Open Learning NAMPOL Namibian Police NAU Namibia Agricultural Union NDC Namibia Development Corporation NDF Namibian Defence Force NDP National Development Plan NGO non-governmental organisation NGSIP Namibian-German Special Initiative Programme NHIES Namibia Household Income and Expenditure Survey NHPF National Health Policy Framework NHRI National Human Rights Institution NIDS Namibia Inter-censal Demographic Survey NIED National Institute for Educational Development NNDFN Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia NNF NNFU NPC NPCS NRCS NRP NSA NWR OAT OAU ODPM

650

Namibia Nature Foundation Namibia National Farmers Union National Planning Commission National Planning Commission Secretariat Namibia Red Cross Society National Resettlement Programme Namibia Statistics Agency Namibia Wildlife Resorts Omba Arts Trust Organisation of African Unity Office of the Deputy Prime Minister

 “Scraping the Pot”: San in Namibia Two Decades After Independence

OPM Office of the Prime Minister OSISA Open Society Initiative of Southern Africa OST Omaheke San Trust OVC orphans and vulnerable children PLAN People’s Liberation Army of Namibia PPA Participatory Poverty Assessment PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal RCC Roads Contractor Company RDCC Regional Development Coordinating Committee RPP Regional Poverty Profile RPRP Rural Poverty Reduction Programme RSC Regional Selection Committee SADF South African Defence Force SDP San Development Programme SFP San Feeding Programme SIAPAC Social Impact Assessment and Policy Analysis Corporation SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SSC Social Security Commission SSOAN San Support Organisations’ Association of Namibia STD sexually transmitted disease STI sexually transmitted infection SWA South West Africa SWAPO South West Africa People’s Organisation TA traditional authority TB tuberculosis TBA traditional birth attendant TEKOA Traditional Environmental Knowledge Outreach Academy TCE Total Control of the Epidemic UN United Nations UNAIDS United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNDRIP United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples UNDHR United Nations Declaration of Human Rights UNGA United Nations General Assembly UNHCHR United Nations High Commission for Human Rights UNTAG United Nations Transitional Assistance Group UPR Universal Periodic Review USAID United States Agency for International Development VDC Village Development Committee WIMSA Working Group of Indigenous Minorities in Southern Africa WATSAN Water Supply and Sanitation in Namibia (DRFN project) WHO World Health Organization WPC Water Point Committee WWF World Wildlife Fund

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651

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