SUB G8ttingen 213 462 222
7
2001 A 1089
MODERNISM:
AN ANTHOLOGY OF SOURCES AND DOCUMENTS
Edited by Vassiliki Kolocotroni, Jane Goldman and Olga Taxidou
Edinburgh University Press
CONTENTS Introduction
xvii
A note on presentation
xxi
I
T H E EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN
la
The modern in cultural, political and scientific thought
1
Karl Marx From letter to Ruge, September 1843
5
2
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels From The Communist Manifesto 1848
6
3
Richard Wilhelm Wagner From 'Art and Revolution' 1849
8
4
Charles Darwin From The Origin ofSpecies by Means ofNatural Selection 1859
10
5
Johann Jakob Bachofen From Mother Right 1861
12
6
Friedrich Nietzsche From Preface to Human, All Too Human 1878
17
7
Max Nordau From Degeneration 1883
22
8
William Morris From 'Useful Work versus Useless Toil' 1884
27
9
H. P. B. , From The Secret Doctrine 1888
31
10
J. G. Frazer From The Golden Bough 1890-1915
33
I1
Gustave Le Bon From The Crowd: A Study of the PopularMind'1895
36
12
Thorstein Veblen From The Theory of the Leisure Class 1899
38
vi
CONTENTS
13
Henry Adams From The Education of Henry Adams 1907
41
14
Sigmund Freud From The Interpretation of Dreams 1900
47
15
GeorgSimmel From "The Metropolis and Mental Life' 1903
51
16
August Bebel From Woman Under Socialism 1904
60
17
W E . B. Du Bois From The Souls ofBlack Folk 1903
65
18
Henri Bergson From Creative Evolution 1907
68
19
Wilhelm Worringer From Abstraction and Empathy 1908
72
20
Adolf Loos From 'Ornament and Crime' 1908
77
21
Karl Kraus 'The Good Conduct Medal' 1909
81
22
Millicent Garrett Fawcett From 'Women's Suffrage' 1911
83
23
Lou Andreas-Salome From The FreudJournal of Lou Andreas-Salome1912,1913
85
24
Oswald Spengler From The Decline of the West 1918-22'
87
Ib
Modern aesthetics
1
Edgar Allan Poe From review of Nathaniel Hawthorne's Twice-Told Tales 1842
93
2
Walt Whitman From Preface to Leaves of Grass 1855
94
3
Gustave Flaubert From letter to Mile Leroyer de Chantepie, 18 March 1857
97
4
Matthew Arnold From 'On the Modern Element in Literature' 1857
98
5
Charles Baudelaire From 'The Painter of Modern Life' 1859-60
102
CONTENTS
vii
6
Arthur Rimbaud From letter to Paul Demeny, 15 May 1871
109
7
John Ruskin From Lectures on Art 1870 From Arartra Pentelici 1872
111
8
Walter Pater Conclusion to The Renaissance [1873] 1893
112
9
August Strindberg From Preface to MissJulie 1888
115
10
Oscar Wilde Preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray 1890
119
11
Thomas Hardy 'The Science of Fiction' 1891
120
12
Stephane Mallarme From 'Crisis in Poetry' 1886-95
123
13
Paul Valery From 'Introduction to the Method of Leonardo da Vinci' 1895
127
14
Alfred Jarry 'Preliminary Address at the First Performance of Ubu Roi, 10 December 1896'
129
15
Joseph Conrad Preface to The Nigger of the 'Narcissus' 1897
131
16
Arthur Symons From The Symbolist Movement in Literature 1899
134
17
W.B.Yeats From 'The Symbolism of Poetry' 1900
136
18
Marcel Proust From 'Days of Reading: I' 1905
140
19
William Archer From 'Henrik Ibsen: Philosopher or Poet' 1905
145
20
Henry James From 'The Art of Fiction' 1894 From Preface to The Princess Casamassima 1906
147
21
Edward Gordon Craig From 'The Actor and the Ober-marionette'1907
150
22
Isadora Duncan From My Life 1921
154
23
George Bernard Shaw From The Sanity of Art 1908
160
viii
CONTENTS
II
THE AVANT-GARDE
Ha
Formulations and declarations
1
Gustave Courbet From Realist Manifesto 1855
169
2
Emile Zola From 'Naturalism on the Stage' 1880
169
3
Desmond MacCarthy 'The Post-Impressionists' 1910
174
4
T. E. Hulme From 'Romanticism and Classicism' 1911
178
5
Charlotte Perkins Gilman From The Man-Made World or Our Androcentric Culture 1911
185
6
Roger Fry 'The French Group' 1912
189
7
CliveBell 'The English Group' 1912
192
8
Robert Delaunay 'Light' 1912 'Notes on the Construction of the Reality of Pure Painting' 1912
194
9
ErikSatie 'The Musician's Day' 1913 'Some Notes on Modern Music' 1919
198
10
Wyndham Lewis From 'The Cubist Room' 1914
200
11
Karl Kraus From 'In These Great Times' 1914
201
12
Richard Huelsenbeck From 'Zurich 1916, as it really was' 1928
207
13
Guillaume Apollinaire 'Art and the War: Concerning an Allied Exhibition' 1916 Programme for Parade, 18 May 1917
211
14
Antonio Gramsci 'Marinetti the Revolutionary' 1916 'Theatre and Cinema' 1921
214
15
Victor Shklovsky From 'Art as Technique' 1917
217
CONTENTS
ix
16
John Reed From Ten Days That Shook the World1919
221
17
'A Member of the Audience: Storming the Winter Palace' 1920
223
18
GeorgLukacs _ From The Theory of the Novel'1920
225
19
Leon Trotsky From Literature and Revolution 1923
229
20
Alexandra Kollontai From 'Make Way for the Winged Eros' 1923
232
21
Dziga Vertov From 'A Kino-Eye Discussion' 1924
237
22
Luis Bufiuel 'Suburbs' 1923
238
23
Vsevolod Meyerhold From 'The Reconstruction of the Theatre' 1929
240
24
Erwin Piscator From 'Basic Principles of Sociological Drama' 1929
lib
Manifestos
-
242
1
Futurism
la
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti ' 'The Founding and Manifesto of Futurism 1909' 'The Variety Theatre' 1913
249
l b Ilya Zdanevich and Mikhail Larionov 'Why We Paint Ourselves: A Futurist Manifesto' 1913
257
2
Mina Loy 'Feminist Manifesto' 1914
258
3
Cubism Guillaume Apollinaire From The Cubist Painters 1913
262
4
Imagism ' Preface to Some Imagist Poets 1915
268
5
Expressionism Wassily Kandinsky From 'The Problem of Form' 1912
270
CONTENTS
6
Dada
6a Tristan Tzara From 'Dada Manifesto, 1918' 'Note on Art'1917 'Note on Negro Art' 1917
276
6b Kurt Schwitters From Merz 1921 From 'Consistent Poetry' 1924 'To All the Theatres of the World' 1926
281
6c George Grosz with Wieland Herzfelde From 'Art is in Danger' 1925
287
7
Vorticism Fmm Blast \9U
291
8
Eccentricism The Eccentric Manifesto 1922
295
9
Constructivism
9a AlekseiGan From Constructivism 1922
298
9b Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
299
'Constructivism and the Proletariat' 1922 10
Bauhaus
10a Walter Gropius 'Manifesto of the Bauhaus, April 1919'
301
10b Annelise Fleischmann From 'Economic Living' 1924
302
.x
10c Laszlo Moholy-Nagy 'The New Typography' 1923
302
lOd Oscar Schlemmer Diary extract 1927
303
11
Manifesto issued by the Syndicate of Technical Workers, Painters and Sculptors, Mexico City, 1922
304
12
LEF Manifesto 1923
305
13
Surrealism Andre Breton From the First Manifesto of Surrealism 1924
307
14
transition Eugene Jolas 'Suggestions for a New Magic' 1927 'Proclamation' 1929
312
CONTENTS
15
Anarchism Alexander Berkman From The ABC of Anarchism 1 929
III
MODERNISTS ON THE MODERN
xi
315
Ilia The 1910s and 1920s: The making of Modernist traditions 1
(Margaret) Storm Jameson From 'England's Nest of Singing Birds' 1915
321
2
Ford Madox Ford From 'On Impressionism' 1914
323
3
Dora Marsden F r o m ' I Am.'1915
331
4
Fernando Pessoa From 'Notes on Sensationism' 1916
333
5
John Dos Passos 'Against American Literature' 1916
334
6
W. B. Yeats From 'Anima Hominis' 1917
337
7
Amy Lowell From Preface to Tendencies in Modernist Poetry 1917
342
8
William Carlos Williams From Prologue to Kara in Hell 1918
344
9
May Sinclair From a review of Pilgrimage 1918
351
10
Edwin Muir From 'What is Modern?' 1918
354
11
E. M. Forster From 'The Poetry of C. P. Cavafy' 1919
357
12
Katherine Mansfield From reviews for the. Athenaeum 1919 From letters to John Middleton Murry 1919
362
13
Thomas Mann From Diaries 1918, 1919,1920
14
'
T. S. Eliot From 'Tradition and the Individual Talent' 1919 From 'Ulysses, Order, and Myth' 1923
364 366
xii
CONTENTS
15
Ezra Pound 373 From 'A Retrospect' 1918 From Preface to Remy de Gourmont's The Natural Philosophy of Love 1926
16
H. D. From 'Notes on Thought and Vision' 1919
382
17
Alfred Doblin From 'Warsaw' 1922
386
18
Herman Hesse 'Recent German Poetry' 1922
388
19
Virginia Woolf 'The Moment: Summer's Night' 1927 From 'Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown' 1924 From 'Modern Fiction' 1919
391
20
James Joyce Letter to Harriet Shaw Weaver, 15 August 1925
397
21
Richard Aldington From 'The Influence of Mr. James Joyce' 1921
399
22
Carl Jung From 'Ulysses: ein Monolog' 1932
401
23
Frank Budgen From James Joyce and the Making of 'Ulysses' 1934
403
24
D. H. Lawrence Letter to A. W. McLeod, 2 June 1914 From letter to Edward Garnett, 5 June 1914 From Preface to the American edition of New Poems 1929
405
25
Alain Locke From Introduction to The New Negro 1925
411
26
Langston Hughes From 'The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain' 1926
417
27
Gertrude Stein From 'Composition as Explanation' 1926
421
28
Hugh MacDiarmid From 'English Ascendancy in British literature' 1931
425
29
Marianne Moore 'New Poetry since 1912' 1926
429
30
Robert Graves and Laura (Riding) Jackson From Modernist Poetry 1926
433
31
F. Scott Fitzgerald From 'Echoes of the Jazz Age' 1931
439
CONTENTS
xiii
32
Robert McAlmon From Being Geniuses Together 1920-1930 1938
443
33
Vladimir Dixon 'A Litter to Mr. James Joyce' 1929
448
34
Samuel Beckett From 'Dante . . . Bruno . Vico . .Joyce' 1929 From Proust 1931
449
Illb The 1930s: Modernist regroupings
1
Siegfried Kracauer From 'The Mass Ornament' 1927
457
2
Max Horkheimer From 'The State of Contemporary Social Philosophy and the Tasks of an Institute for Social Research' 1931
461
3
Bertolt Brecht From 'The Modern Theatre is the Epic Theatre' 1930
465
4
Antonin Artaud 'Theatre and Cruelty' 1933
470
5
Sigmund Freud From 'The Dissection of the Psychical Personality' 1933
472
6
Nathanael West 'Some Notes on Violence' 1932 'Some Notes on Miss L.' 1933
477
7
Laura (Riding) Jackson From The Word 'Woman' 1934-35
479
8
Dorothy M. Richardson Foreword to Pilgrimage 1938
485
9
Cecil Day Lewis From A Hope for Poetry 1934
488
10
T. S. Eliot From The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism 1933
493
11
Ezra Pound From 'PrefatioAut Cimicium Tumulus' 1933
496
12
F. R. Leavis From New Bearings in English Poetry 1932
502
'
xiv
CONTENTS
13. W. H. Auden Review of Leavis et al. 1933 From Introduction to The Poet's Tongue 1935
504
14
W. B. Yeats 508 From Introduction to The Oxford Book ofModern Verse 1892-1935 1936
15
Michael Roberts From Introduction to The Faber Book ofModern Verse 1936
513
16
Wallace Stevens From 'The Irrational Element in Poetry' 1936
518
17
George Dangerfield Frorn The Strange Death of Liberal England1935
523
18
Andrei Zhdanov From speech at the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers 1934
524
19
Herbert Read From 'What is Revolutionary Art?' 1935
526
20
Eric Gill 'All Art Is Propaganda' 1935
529
21
Christina Stead From 'The Writers Take Sides' 1935
530
22
Lewis Grassic Gibbon 'Note', A Scots Quair 1932-34
536
23
James Barke From 'Lewis Grassic Gibbon' 1935-36
536
24
NeilM. Gunn 'Scotland a Nation' 1935-36
539
25
William Phillips and Philip Rahv From 'Recent Problems of Revolutionary literature' 1935
542
26
John Dos Passos 'The Writer as Technician' 1935
545
27
JohnComford From 'Left?' 1933-34
548
28
Sergei Eisenstein From 'A Dialectic Approach to Film Form' 1929
551
29
Storm Jameson From 'Documents' 1937
556
30
Adolf Hitler From speech inaugurating the 'Great Exhibition of German Art', Munich 1937
'
-.
560
CONTENTS
XV
31
Walter Benjamin 563 From 'Surrealism: The Last Snapshot of the European Intelligentsia' 1929 From 'The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction' 1936
32
Theodor Adorno From letter to Walter Benjamin, 18 March 1936 From 'On the Fetish Character in Music and the Regression of Listening' 1938
577
33
Georg Lukacs From 'Realism in the Balance' 1938
584
34
Ernst Bloch From The Principle of Hope 1938-47
591
35
David Alfaro Siqueiros From 'Letter from the Front line in Spain' 1938
595
36
Andre Breton, Leon Trotsky and Diego Rivera 'Manifesto: Towards a Free Revolutionary Art' 1938
597
37
Eugene Jolas et al. From 'Inquiry into the Spirit and Language of the Night' 1938
601
38
George Orwell From 'Inside the Whale' 1933
605
39
Virginia Woolf From 'The Leaning Tower' 1940
610
40
Richard Wright From 'How "Bigger" Was Born' 1940
617
Copyright acknowledgements
619
Index
-
623
