IB Literature I—Pfeiffer December-January Vacation Assignment 2013 The assignment over the holiday is to read Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice (Penguin Classics, ISBN 14-143951-8). Besides the information on the Study Guide beginning on the next page, here is the specific information about which chapters to annotate; it might be helpful for you to circle the chapter numbers before you begin reading. For the assigned chapters, the minimum annotation is to make two meaningful notes per page: 

one note about content: what is written; e.g. character, theme, plot.

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one on form: how it is written; e.g. figurative language, allusion, style, diction, narrative structure, metalinguistic references.

Remember that merely labeling (writing a word in the margin like “allusion” or “theme”) and merely underlining or highlighting does not count as annotation. Pride and Prejudice Volume 1: chapters 1, 3-4, 6, 8, 10-11, 16, 18-20, 23. Volume 2: chapters 25-26, 28, 31-37. Volume 3: chapters 43-45, 48, 50, 52-54, 56-61. Also, there are a few other things I would like you to know before we head into the second semester: 

After surveying your writing done this semester, I highly suggest that you re-read a couple of essential parts of the Guidebook before we resume class in January: the Guide to Writing About Literature (25-26), the Guide to Writing Well (27-36--this includes Sentence Composing, which many of you need to work on), and the Guide to Using Quotations (37-38).

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Consider looking for 3 poems you might consider for next semester's HS English Department’s Poetry Recitation 2013; our class round of recitations will be at the end of February. See Pfeifferopolis (on the main IB Lit G11 page) for the information about this HS event, along with the guidelines for poem selection, and the list of poets.

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Finally, you might want to know that we will have a quiz on page 15 of the Literary Terms on 30-31 January.

IB Literature I—Pfeiffer

JANE AUSTEN’S PRIDE AND PREJUDICE (1813) Background & Study Guide for Volume 1 How to Study this Novel: This packet contains essential background information and my Study Guide for Volume 1 (chapters 1-23). Begin by starting the novel, read the first two pieces to help you understand the historical and cultural context in which Austen wrote. Then read Volume 1 of the novel. [See the Vacation Assignment on Pfeifferopolis for the specific chapters you will be annotating; you do not have to annotate the whole novel.] After reading Volume 1, read the information in this packet about Austen’s style and the novel’s geography—it’s important that you have that information in mind. Go to Pfeifferopolois for the Study Guides to Volumes 2 & 3 of the novel; print them out and have them in front of you as you read the remainder of the novel. Included in this packet: 1. “England in Austen’s Time,” Fay Weldon 2. “Jane Austen and Her Times,” Barron Notes 3. Austen’s Style 4. Geography in Pride and Prejudice 5. Study Guide for Volume 1 On Pfeifferopolis, for you to print out on your own: 6. Study Guides for Volumes 2 & 3 "England in Austen's Time," Fay Weldon [from Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen, 1984; second edition 1999] In the form of a letter to her niece Alice, British novelist Fay Weldon explains the discrepancy between the harsh society in which Jane Austen lived and the gentler society she portrays in her novels. According to Weldon, women in the late eighteenth century lacked basic rights and endured all kinds of dangers and duties. Conceding that the real life of women in Austen's time must seem unbelievable to a modern English girl like Alice, Weldon suggests that Austen may simply have created an idyllic fictional world as an alternative to the unpleasantness she nevertheless took for granted in the real world. Novels, Weldon reminds her niece, are inventions of the imagination, not records of history.

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y dear Alice, ...I do believe it is the battle the writer wages with the real world which provides the energy for invention. I think Jane Austen waged a particularly fearful battle, and that the world won in the end and killed her: and we are left with the seven great novels. I know you've been told six. But she did write another, Lady Susan, a diverting, energetic and excellent novel, when she was very young, at about the same time as she wrote the comparatively tedious and conventional Sense and Sensibility (please don't read it first). She put Lady Susan in a drawer. She did not attempt to have it published; nor, later, did her family. My own feeling is that they simply did not like it. They thought it unedifying and foolish, and that wicked adventuresses should not be heroines, and women writers should not invent, but only describe what they know. They had, in fact, a quite ordinary and perfectly understandable desire to keep Jane Austen respectable, ladylike and unalarming, and Lady Susan was none of these things.... You must understand, I think, the world into which Jane Austen was born. I do not think the life or personality of writers to be particularly pertinent to their work.... But I do think the times in which writers live are important. The writer must write out of a tradition—if only to break away from it... He, or she, writes out of a society: links the past of that society with its future.... Jane Austen concerned herself with what to us are observable truths, because we agree with them. They were not so observable at the time. [In reading Pride and Prejudice] we believe with her that Elizabeth should marry for love, and that Charlotte was extremely lucky to find happiness with Mr. Collins, whom she married so as not, in a phrase dating from that time, to be left on "the shelve." [Austen] believed it was better not to marry at all, than to marry without love. Such notions were quite new at the time. It surprises us that in her writing she appears to fail to take the pleasures of sex into account, but that was the convention at the time: we disapprove, where her society most approves. She is not a gentle writer. Do not be misled: she is not ignorant, merely discreet: not innocent, merely graceful. She lived in a society which assumed—as ours does—that its values were right. It had God on its side, and God had ordained the ranks of His people; moreover, He had made men men and women women, and how could a thing like that be changed? It is idle to complain that Jane Austen lacked a crusading zeal. With hindsight, it is easy to look at the world she lived in, and say she should have. What she did seems to me more valuable. She struggled to perceive and describe the flow of beliefs that typified her time, and more, to suggest for the first time that the personal, the emotional, is in fact the moral—nowadays, of course, for good or bad, we argue that it is political. She left a legacy for the future to build upon. ENGLISH LIFE IN AUSTEN'S TIME I want you to conceive of England, your country, two hundred years ago. A place without detergents or tissues or tarmaced [asphalt] roads or railway trains, or piped water, let alone electricity or gas or oil; where energy (what a modern term) was provided by coal, and wood, and the muscle of human beings, and that was all. Where the fastest anyone could cover the ground 2

was the speed of the fastest horse, and where, even so, letters could be posted in London one evening and be delivered in Hereford the next morning. Because people were so poor—most people—they would run, and toil, and sweat all day and all night to save themselves and their children from starvation. Rather like India is today. If you were a child and your parents died, you lived on the streets: if you were a young woman and gave birth out of wedlock you would, like as not, spend the rest of your life in a lunatic asylum, classified as a moral imbecile. If you tried to commit suicide to save yourself from such a life, you would be saved, and then hanged. (These last two "ifs," incidentally, applied as recently as fifty years ago.) If you stole anything worth more than £5 you could be hanged, or transported to a penal colony for life. If it was under £5 there were long, harsh prison sentences in unspeakable prisons, and the age of criminal liability was seven. No casual vandals or graffiti writers then. Child, you don't know how lucky you are. If you cheat on The Underground they give you a psychiatrist. If you break a leg, there's someone to mend it. If you have a cold in the nose, you use a tissue and flush it down the W.C.: Jane Austen used a pocket handkerchief, and had a maid to boil it clean. Fair enough, if you're Jane Austen, but supposing you were the maid? You would be working eighteen hours a day or so, six-and-a-half days a week, with one day off a month, and thinking yourself lucky. EMPLOYMENT CHOICES FOR WOMEN If you weren't the maid, you might well be working on the land. Well into the nineteenth century, agriculture was the largest single source of employment for women. And do not think for one moment women of the working classes did not work, or had husbands able and willing to support them. A young country girl (and only fifty per cent of the population lived in towns) would be on the farm, cooking, cleaning, washing clothes—and carrying the water, and chopping the wood and lighting the boiler to heat it—feeding animals, milking cows, planting, gleaning, gathering hay. If you worked in the dairy you would at least have the pleasure of developing skills, and would be better paid, but your day would start at 3 A.M. and end in the late evening. Your reward would be in heaven. The Bible rather rashly claimed that that was where the poor went, thus giving the rich every justification for preserving their poverty. No one's health was good—T.B. [tuberculosis] afflicted a sizeable proportion of the population. If you, as a young woman, fled to the city to improve your life, you could, with difficulty, become an apprentice and learn the traditional women's trades of millinery, embroidery, or seaming; or you could be a chimney sweep (from the age of six) or you could become a butcher (a nasty trade, despised by men) or a prostitute—70,000, they reckoned, in London at the turn of the [19 th] century, out of a population of some 900,000. MARRIAGE AS AN OPTION Or you could marry. The trouble was that you had to be able to afford to marry. You were expected to have a dowry, provided by your parents or saved by yourself, to give to your husband to offset your keep. For this great reason, and a variety of others, only thirty per cent of women married. Seventy per cent remained unmarried. It was no use waiting for your parents to die so that you could inherit their mansion, or cottage, or hovel, and so buy yourself a husband—your parents' property went to your brothers. Women inherited only through their husbands, and only thus could gain access to property. Women were born poor, and stayed poor, and lived well only by their husbands' favour. The sense of sexual sin ran high: the fear of pregnancy was great—you might well estimate that half the nation's women remained virgins all their lives.... So to marry was a great prize. It was a woman's aim. No wonder Jane Austen's heroines were so absorbed by the matter. It is the stuff of our women's magazines but it was the stuff of their life, their very existence. No wonder Mrs. Bennet, driven half-mad by anxiety for her five unmarried daughters, knowing they would be unprovided for when her husband died, as indeed would she, made a fool of herself in public, husband-hunting on her girls' behalf. Politeness warred, as always, with desperation. Enough to give anyone the vapours! Women survived, in Jane Austen's day, by pleasing and charming if they were in the middle classes, and by having a good, strong working back if they were of the peasantry. Writing was, incidentally, one of the very few occupations by which impoverished and helpless female members of the gentry could respectably—well, more or less—earn money. To be a governess was another, much fabled, occupation. Beautiful and talented governess, handsome scion of ancient housing, marrying where he loved and not where he ought.... It was a lovely, if desperate, fantasy. (See Elizabeth and Darcy in Pride and Prejudice.) The average age of puberty, incidentally, was later in their day than it is now. In 1750 we know it to have been between eighteen and twenty. General malnutrition and low female body weights were no doubt the cause. Marriage was later, too: on average between twenty-five and twenty-eight, though Jane Austen's heroines seem to have started panicking in their early twenties. Lydia, in Pride and Prejudice, managed it at the age of sixteen, and shocked everyone by revealing everyone's true feelings—trailing her hand with its new wedding-ring out of the carriage window as she rode triumphantly into town, so that everyone would know. Married! Jane Austen herself put on her cap when she was thirty. That is, she announced herself by her dress as out of the marriage market, now resigned to growing old with as much grace and dignity as she could muster. Thirty! 3

WOMEN LACKED RIGHTS Once you were married, of course, life was not rosy. Any property you did acquire belonged to your husband. The children were his, not yours. If the choice at childbirth was between the mother or child, the mother was the one to go. You could not sue, in your own name. (By the same token at least you could not be sued.) He could beat you, if he saw fit, and punish your children likewise. You could be divorced for adultery, but not divorce him for the same offence. Mind you, divorce was not a way out of marital problems. Marriage was forever. Between 1650 and 1850 there were only 250 divorces in England. You put up with the sex life you had, and were not, on the whole, and in the ordinary ranks of society, expected to enjoy it. It tended to result, for one thing, in childbirth. Contraception was both wicked and illegal, against God's law and the land's. Abstinence was the decent person's protection against pregnancy. There were, of course, then as now, libidinous sections of society, the wild young of the upper classes, and free thinkers, who saw sexual freedom as the path to political liberty: and, of course, there were married couples who did find a real and sensual satisfaction in each other—but this was a bonus, not something to be taken for granted: certainly nothing you could go to a Marriage Counsellor about. The fact that there were 70,000 prostitutes in London in 1801, out of a female population of some 475,000, indicates that your husband at least would not be virginal on marriage. He would quite possibly be diseased. Venereal disease was common, and often nastily fatal. Alice, by your standards, it was a horrible time to be alive. Yet you could read and read Jane Austen and never know it. And why should you? Novelists provide an escape from reality: they take you to the City of Invention. When you return you know more about yourself. You do not read novels for information, but for enlightenment. I don't suppose Jane Austen thought particularly much about the ills of her society. All this, for her, was simply what the world was like.... WOMEN'S DUTY TO BEAR CHILDREN Now, Alice, there you are, a typical young woman of the 1799s. We're supposing you're working on the land, and of peasant stock. You've scraped your dowry together and you've found your young (or old, often quite old!) man, and got yourself married. Your prime duty is to have children. The clergyman has told you so at the wedding ceremony. "Marriage is designed by God for the procreation of children...." Everyone believes it. (If you turned out to be barren, that was a terrible disaster, not just personally but socially. It made you a non-woman.... But such disasters apart, you're likely to be pregnant within a year of marriage and carry one child successfully to term every two years until the menopause. This seems to be the rate which nature, uninterfered with, decrees for human reproduction. Fifty per cent of all the babies would die before they were two: from disease due to malnutrition, ignorance, or infection. Every death would be the same misery it is today. Your many pregnancies would be plentifully interrupted by miscarriages, and one baby in every four would be still-born. Midwives, mercifully, did not customarily allow imperfect babies to live, nor were they expected to. Child delivery was primitive and there were no analgesics. Child care was not considered a full-time job. Babies were swaddled and hung on pegs out of the way while mothers went on keeping the wolf from the door. If the mother's milk failed, the babies would be fed on gruel, soaked into sacking and sucked out by the baby. Your own chances of dying in childbirth were not negligible and increased with every pregnancy. After fifteen pregnancies (which meant something like six babies brought to term and safely delivered) your chances of dying were (Marie Stopes later claimed) one in two.... Back to you, Alice, mother of six, aged thirty, with your backache and your varicose veins and your few teeth, carrying water from the village well for all your family's needs, and water is about as heavy a soul's task as you can get, and you have to choose if they're going to be clean or you're going to be ill.... So you must understand there were compensations to be found in virginity, in abstinence, in fidelity, and in spinsterhood, which are not found today, and read Jane Austen bearing this in mind. There were more positive compensations for living in this terrible time. The countryside must have been very, very pretty. The hedgerows and blasted oaks had not been rooted out by agro-industrialists, and wild flowers and butterflies flourished to brighten the gentle greyish greens of the landscape. These days the greens are brighter and the fields are smoother, thanks to insecticides, nitrates and herbicides. And everything you looked at would have been lovely: furniture (if you had any) made of seasoned oak, and by craftsmen working out of a tradition unequalled anywhere in the world—usefulness working in the service of grace. New and different buildings going up everywhere, as the population grew and the middle classes with it....

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Perhaps landscape, buildings and objects had to be beautiful to compensate for the ugliness of the people. Malnutrition, ignorance and disease ensured a hopping, shuffling, peering, scrofulous [having TB, tuberculosis] population, running short of eyes and limbs. Crutches, peg-legs, glass-eyes and hooks were much in demand. If the children had pink cheeks it was because they had T.B. Do not be deceived by the vision of Georgian England as a rural idyll. Artists of the time liked to depict it as such, naturally enough . . . and so did writers, and while you are reading Jane Austen you are perfectly entitled to suspend your disbelief, as she was when she wrote. Fiction, thank God, is not and need not be reality. The real world presses forcibly enough into the imaginative adventure that is our life, without fiction aiding and abetting. CHANGES FOR THE BETTER During Jane Austen's lifetime—she was born in December 1775 and died in July 1817—attitudes, they say, changed significantly. They became, for a time, before the rigours of Victorian puritanism set in, more relaxed. The age of puberty declined; sexual activity in women was less surprising and less alarming; young women, increasingly, chose to marry for love and not at their parents' choosing. There was an increase in the marriage rates, a lowering of the age of marriage, and a dramatic rise in the illegitimacy rate. Women became more fertile, for good or bad. The rate of infant mortality decreased.... Why, you ask? Better nutrition, a new understanding of hygiene, the aftermath of the French Revolution, the loosening of the stranglehold of the Church, more novels and better novels read by more people in the opinion-forming ranks of society, better poetry—not wide-sweeping social changes, waves in the body politic but the sharp focusing power of individuals.... Any theory will do until the next one replaces it. Being a writer, I like the better-novels theory, which I hereby give you. If the outer world is a mere reflection of the inner one, if as you refine the person so the outer aspects of the world are refined, so will social change work from the inside out, from the individual out into the wider community. Enlighten people, and you enlighten society. How's that? That is enough for now.... With love, Aunt Fay

Jane Austen and Her Times, Barron's Notes (1984) Austen was a country parson's daughter who lived most of her life in a tiny English village. She began writing her first novel, Jane Sense and Sensibility, when she was still in her late teens. When she wrote the original version of her second and most famous novel, Pride and Prejudice (originally entitled First Impressions), she was not yet twenty-one. At that time she had never been away from home, except for a few years at a girls' boarding school before the age of ten. And yet, although she had seen almost nothing of the world beyond Steventon, the town where she grew up, she was able to write a witty, worldly novel of love, money, and marriage. Jane Austen's world seems very narrow to us today. The year she was born, 1775, was an important one in English as well as American history, but to the people of the little village of Steventon, the American Revolution was something very far away that hardly touched their lives at all. Years later while Austen was writing her novels, England was involved in the Napoleonic Wars, but you won't find much mention of them in her work. One reason these wars did not affect the English at home very much was that they were fought entirely on foreign soil or at sea, and they did not involved very large numbers of Englishmen. (Two of Jane Austen's brothers did see combat as naval officers and both reached the rank of admiral, and a naval officer who did well in the wars is one of her most attractive heroes in her last novel, Persuasion.) Another reason is that—without television, radio, telephones, automobiles, or even railroads— news traveled slowly. People traveled very little, and when they did it was on foot, by public coach, or—if they could afford it—by private carriage. In the evenings they sat together around the fire, mother and girls mending or embroidering by candlelight and often someone reading aloud. For entertainment, they might visit a neighbor or go to a dance in the village public hall. At these so-called assemblies, young people were chaperoned by mothers and aunts, and only the most correct behavior was tolerated. If there was a large estate in the neighborhood, the squire or lord of the manor would give evening parties and occasionally a ball, to which his lady would invite the leading families of the countryside. Jane Austen wrote Pride and Prejudice in the family sitting room while her six brothers and a sister, her father’s pupils, and visiting neighbors swirled around her. She would cover her manuscript with a blotter during interruptions and take up her pen again when the room was quiet. All the while, she was watching, listening, and thinking about the world around her. The novel reflects her understanding of and active involvement with ordinary people The plot of Pride and Prejudice is based on the concerns of people in early nineteenth-century country society. One of these concerns is money. Austen could observe the money problems of a middle-class family right in her own home. As a clergyman of the Church of England, her father was an educated man and a gentleman. But his parish consisted of only about three hundred people, and his income didn’t provide well for his family, so he had to take in students in addition to his church duties. Even so, he 5

could send only one son, the oldest, to Oxford University, and he couldn’t give his daughters attractive dowries or an income if they remained unmarried. Like other young women of their social class, Jane and her sister Cassandra were educated, mostly at home, in the "ladylike" subjects of music, drawing and painting, needlework, and social behavior. Thanks to her father and her own literary tastes, Jane was also very well read. Tall and graceful, with dark hair and beautiful hazel eyes, she enjoyed parties, liked to dance, and had numerous suitors. As it turned out, however, neither Jane nor her sister Cassandra ever married. After their father died in 1805, they and their mother were cared for by a brother who—because of the Austen family’s poor financial situation—had been adopted by a wealthy childless couple and had inherited a sizable estate. (Such financial adoptions were a fairly common custom of the time.) Such realities of middle-class life are central to Pride and Prejudice. Critics of a hundred or so years ago called Jane Austen "vulgar" and "mercenary," because she writes so frankly about money. One of the first things we learn about her characters, for example, is how much income they have. Her critics considered it bad taste to talk about money, either one’s own or someone else’s. But in the middle class of Jane Austen’s time, the amount of your income could be a matter of life and death. What is more, it was not money you worked for and earned that mattered, but money you were born to or inherited. People who worked— businessmen, manufacturers, and even some professional people, such as lawyers—were not accepted as members of the "gentry." They were "in trade," and the gentry looked down on them. While Austen was writing in the beginning of the nineteenth century, a great change was coming over England. The industrial revolution was reaching its height in the first half of that century, and a new middle class of prosperous factory owners was developing. Yet in the midst of this change, one ancient English tradition still survived, and that was that the true gentry were not the newly rich in the cities but those who lived on their inherited estates. The new middle class, who had become rich "in trade," were therefore buying manor houses and estates in the country, and setting up their heirs as members of the landed aristocracy. In Pride and Prejudice the two leading male characters represent this social change. Mr. Darcy's aristocratic family goes back for generations, and he draws his income from his vast estate of tenant farms. His friend Mr. Bingley, however, is heir to a fortune made "in trade" and is looking for a suitable country estate to establish himself in the upper class. Notice how different characters in the novel react to these social distinctions. Jane Austen herself, through her heroine Elizabeth, expresses her contempt for snobbery. You’ll find that she pokes fun at the snobs and makes them her most comical characters. Still, there was a very serious side to all this, and that was the situation of young women. In our time, women have many other choices in addition to marriage. In Jane Austen’s time it wasn’t so. A young woman of her class depended for her happiness, her health, in fact the whole shape of her life, on her making a good marriage. If her husband was poor or a gambler or a drunkard, she and her children could suffer genuine privation. A girl with no fortune of her own often could not attract a husband. Then she might have to become a governess, living in other people’s houses, looking after their children and subject to their whims. The necessity of making a good marriage is one of the major themes of Pride and Prejudice, but that doesn’t mean the novel is old fashioned. In fact, you may find that you can make a good argument for calling Jane Austen a feminist and her novel a feminist novel. It’s a serious novel in many ways, but also a very funny one. Jane Austen began writing novels simply to entertain herself and her family, with no idea of having her stories published. In her time, novels weren’t considered a respectable form of literature, rather the way murder mysteries and Gothic romances are looked down on by intellectuals in our own time. In Austen’s time, ministers preached and social critics thundered against the habit of reading novels. Meanwhile, hundreds of novels were being published—most of them trashy romances or wildly exaggerated adventure tales—and people went right on reading them. Most of these novels, including some of the better ones, were written by women. Writing was one of the few possible occupations for an intelligent, educated woman. Women could write at home while fulfilling their traditional role of running a household and bringing up children. They could stay out of the public eye, hiding behind an assumed name. When Jane Austen’s books were finally published, thanks to her brother Henry who acted as her agent, the title page just said "By a Lady. " Her novels were read by a small, exclusive audience during her lifetime. She lived a quiet life and never yearned for celebrity. Austen was working on her sixth and last novel, Persuasion, when Henry fell ill and she moved to London to nurse him. Soon afterward, her own health began to fail. With Cassandra as her nurse and companion, she moved to Winchester to be treated by a famous surgeon there. He apparently could not help her, and on July 18, 1817, she died, just five months short of her forty-second birthday. Judging from her letters, which radiate good humor and laugh off minor misfortunes, Jane Austen’s life, although short, was a busy and contented one. If the lively, witty Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice was modeled on any living person, the model must have been Jane Austen herself. 6

JANE AUSTEN’S STYLE: Irony, Syntax, Aphorism

TONE—IRONY Jane Austen is known for her humorous use of irony because she uses so many different kinds and uses them so skillfully. In the broadest sense, irony is the recognition of the difference between reality (what is) and appearance (what seems to be). I will review the different kinds of irony then give some examples from the novel. Verbal Irony: A form of speaking in which one meaning is said and a different, usually opposite meaning is intended. All of us speak ironically at times. If you say, "Nice weather, huh?!" when the temperature is in the upper 30s, you have probably indicated what you really meant by the expression on your face and by your tone of voice. In speech, tone of voice makes ironic intent obvious, but a writer has to show irony in a less obvious way, so sometimes it is hard for the reader to recognize. These days sarcasm is the most common verbal irony; it is harsh and heavy-handed, rather than clever. Austen is much more subtle and clever in her irony. There are different kinds of verbal irony, such as overstatement (hyperbole; obvious exaggeration), understatement (litotes; affirming something by stating the negative of its opposite: Saying, "She is no fool," instead of "She is intelligent."), and negative description ("X was not Y").    

See the end of this sheet for a response I wrote to show past students a model of a written response on tone. Elizabeth says, "Mr. Darcy is all politeness," but she doesn't believe he is polite at all. (27) After Darcy says, “...it has been the study of my life to avoid those weaknesses which often expose a strong understanding to ridicule,“ Elizabeth responds, "Such as vanity and pride.” (56) She is being ironic because this is precisely what she thinks he is: vain and prideful. At the Netherfield ball, when Mary won't stop playing the piano for everyone, thinking they love hearing her play (when they wish she would stop), Mr. Bennet tells her, "That will do extremely well child.You have delighted us long enough." (98)

Austen also uses ironic contradictions between a speaker and the narrator, or between speech and situation.  

Miss Bingley and Mrs. Hurst "indulged their mirth for some time at the expense of their dear friend's vulgar relations." (37) The Bingley sisters cannot believe Jane is a dear friend if they mock her family. When Miss Bingley asks Elizabeth what they should do after Darcy reveals their true reason for walking in front of him, Elizabeth replies, “Tease him--laugh at him--Intimate as you are, you must know how it is to be done.” (55) Of course, Caroline is anything but intimate with Darcy.

Situational Irony: The contrast between what is intended or expected and what actually occurs. One glaring example from the first part of the novel: because Miss Bingley constantly criticizes Elizabeth in front of him and brings up her family's lack of status and propriety, she expects Darcy to dislike Elizabeth. Instead, her comments have no negative effect on him. A form of situational irony, called dramatic irony, involves the audience's being aware of a character's real situation before the character is.  

We know that Darcy is falling in love with Elizabeth, but she thinks he dislikes her. We know that Mr. Bennet is mocking Mr. Collins when he asks him, "May I ask whether these pleasing attentions proceed from the impulse of the moment, or are the result of previous study?" (67)

In general, the key to understanding any kind of irony is to see where there is a gap or mismatch or difference between these things: appearance apparent meaning apparent situation what is intended what is thought to be true what is expected how a person sees him/herself impression a person gives of him/herself pretense perceived reason or motive character's limited understanding

reality  real meaning  real situation  what is actually done  what is true  what actually happens  how others see him/her  person's real nature  actuality  real reason or motive  reader's more complete understanding

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Irony in Pride and Prejudice [I wrote this for a Pride and Prejudice course that I taught in Osaka to model how to write a response on tone] Like many of Austen's other novels, irony is used in Pride and Prejudice as the lens through which society and human nature are viewed. The point of view is the third person, the objective view of an external observer. However, sometimes this third-person point of view shifts to explore the thoughts and feelings of a character, and so becomes a third person omniscient narrator. In the first line of the novel ("It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife") seems to be the voice of certain characters and is filled with irony: rather, it is a woman who is in want of a husband of a good fortune, not the other way around; the truth being expressed, isn't truth for everyone, only those pursuing rich men; and in the novel we will see that not all rich men are searching for wives. The narrator also becomes omniscient when we go into Darcy's mind and see that he slips little by little in love with Elizabeth, as in this line: "Her resistance [to dance with him] had not injured her with the gentleman, and he was thinking of her with some complacency" [in this context the word seems to mean "state of being pleased, tranquil pleasure in someone"] (25). Later in the novel we go into Elizabeth's mind as she considers her own behavior and the behavior of others. The narrator seems to be Austen as she shows a sharp, critical eye that observes and comments on her society's follies and foibles, making us aware and making us laugh. In the novel, Austen studies social relationships in the limited society of a country neighborhood and investigates them in detail often with an ironic and humorous eye. An early example is in chapter one, with Mr. and Mrs. Bennet. Their contrasting temperaments are shown through their manner of conversation; Mrs. Bennet chatters on while Mr. Bennet counters her talk with mildly sarcastic statements, a mocking tone Mrs. Bennet completely misses: "You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it...Is that his design in settling here?...for as you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party" (5-6). After letting the reader hear the contrast between the couple through their dialogue, Austen then provides a general summary on page 7 of the two parents' differing personalities. The difference between them is amusing, but it is also ironic. In a novel about couples overcoming misunderstandings of each other to reach marital happiness, the reader's first view of marriage is one of a mismatched couple that cannot communicate. SYNTAX & APHORISM Because literature of the time was filled with flowery wordiness and emotional excess, Jane Austen's narrative style was unique in early nineteenth-century literature. Readers could choose among collections of sermons to improve their minds, tales of sin and punishment to improve their morals, and horror stories to stimulate their circulation. On the other hand, Pride and Prejudice is told in readable, engaging prose without superfluous words, and it frequently breaks into dialogue so lively and so revealing of characters. As a result, entire scenes have been lifted bodily from the novel and reproduced in dramatized versions for stage and screen, such as the BBC’s excellent five-hour 1995 film adaptation. As for point of view, in some passages the author enters into the mind of one or another of her characters. As you know from our point of view creative exercise, she sometimes has a paragraph where she assesses a situation through the minds of multiple characters, revealing their varied attitudes and traits. Most often the narrator enters into the mind of her heroine Elizabeth, and there she reveals her character's capacity for humor and self-criticism; through Elizabeth we see who and what is worthy of ridicule. Austen's style is so deceptively lucid that we can hardly believe she submitted her writing to so much polishing and revision. Here are some specific examples of elements of Austen’s use of syntax, aphorism, and irony. SYNTAX PARALLELISM  She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. (7)  The business of her life was to get her daughters married; its solace was visiting and news. (7)  He was discovered to be proud, to be above his company, and above being pleased. (12)  …a collection of people in whom there was little beauty and no fashion. (18)  The evening conversation…had lost much of its animation and almost all of its sense. (59) PARENTHETICALS  Having, in consequence of being the only plain one in the family, worked hard for knowledge and accomplishments, [she] was always impatient for display. (25)  Mary had neither genius nor taste; and though vanity had given her application, it had given her likewise a pedantic air and conceited manner, which would have injured a higher degree of excellence than she had reached. (25) APHORISM (an aphorism is an adage, a short, terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation, as Lord Acton’s famous line “Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”  

Every impulse of feeling should be guided by reason. (33) It is particularly incumbent on those who never change their opinion to be secure of judging properly at first. (92)

8

GEOGRAPHY of Pride and Prejudice [from pemberley.com—a great site to check out] Hertfordshire (“heart-ford-sure”), Derbyshire (“dar-bi-sure”), Kent and Sussex are counties in England that are referenced in the novel. Hertfordshire Imaginary places in Hertfordshire: Longbourn (residence of the Bennets), Netherfield Park (residence of the Bingleys), Lucas Lodge, (residence of the Lucases), and the village of Meryton, where the militia regiment is quartered for a time. Less important places in the vicinity are Oakham Mount (to which Darcy and Elizabeth walk in chapter 59), the memorably named town of “----” (where the London coaches stop, and the George Inn is located), and the houses or estates of Ashworth, Haye-Park, Purvis Lodge, and Stoke (all of which Mrs. Bennet considers as possible residences for one of her newly married daughters). Derbyshire Imaginary places in Derbyshire: Pemberley (residence of Mr. Darcy) and the villages of Lambton (former residence of Mrs. Gardiner) and Kympton (where Wickham was to be the clergyman). Real places: Scenic and tourist locations in Derbyshire mentioned in connection with Elizabeth and the Gardiners' tour are Bakewell, Chatsworth, Matlock, Dove Dale, and the Peak. On their itinerary from Hertfordshire to Derbyshire, they took in Blenheim (the estate of the Duke of Marlborough) and Oxford, in Oxfordshire; and Warwick, the famous ruined castle of Kenilworth, and the city of Birmingham, in Warwickshire. Kent Imaginary places in Kent: Rosings (the home of Lady Catherine) and Hunsford (where Mr. Collins is rector) are near Westerham. Real places: Ramsgate is a sea-side resort, where Georgiana Darcy stayed for a summer. Other real places in the novel: Sussex: On the southeast coast the town of Brighton is the fashionable seaside resort, with a temporary military camp, where Lydia goes. In real life it was the hangout of the Prince Regent (the "king-in-waiting") and his decadent followers; in a letter of January 8th 1799 to Cassandra, Jane Austen wrote "I assure you that I dread the idea of going to Brighton as much as you do, but I am not without hopes that something may happen to prevent it." Eastbourne is another seaside town on the Sussex coast, to the east of Brighton. London: "Here I am once more in this scene of dissipation and vice, and I begin already to find my morals corrupted,” Jane Austen wrote in a letter, August 1796. London is located in southeastern Middlesex. In Austen's time, London area had over a million inhabitants (the first city in Europe to do so), and was several times larger than any other city in Britain; London was often associated, in the imagination of Austen's day, with loose morals in both low life and high society—a scene of fashionable, but not necessarily moral diversions and a dangerous example to the rest of the country. Bromley is between Westerham and London, Epsom is on the southern-eastern approaches to London, and Clapham is a neighborhood on the south side of the Thames (across from the “City” proper). Cheapside, where the Bingley sisters accuse Mr. Gardiner of living (he actually lives in Gracechurch Street, further east) is an unfashionably commercial neighborhood in the “City,” near St. Paul's. Grosvenor Street, where the Hursts live, is in a much more fashionable neighborhood towards the West End. The Lake country This area is rugged, scenic, and with literary associations—nineteenth-century Romantic poets such as William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge. It is in the far northwest of England; and Newcastle (where Wickham is later stationed after his marriage) is in Northumberland in the northeast. Gretna Green: This town is just over the Scottish border, had weak marriage laws during the 1754-1856 period, which meant it was known for quickie marriages, even ones with minors who didn't want to have to get parental permission--few questions asked. That's why Gretna Green is suspected as the destination of one of the Bennet daughters and her lover.

9

10

IB Literature I—Pfeiffer

Study Guide for Pride and Prejudice Volume 1 The main families and characters at the beginning of the novel: Mr. and Mrs. Bennet – Mr. Gardiner (her brother) Jane

oldest (therefore, at times called “Miss Bennet”)

Elizabeth (Lizzy)

Mary

Catherine (Kitty)

Lydia

youngest

The Bennet family lives on a small estate called Longbourne, in the village of Meryton, in the county of Hertfordshire, in southeast England Fitzwilliam Darcy – Georgiana (his sister) Both their mother and father have died. Darcy is Georgiana’s guardian. They live on a grand estate called Pemberley, in the county of Derbyshire, north of London Charles Bingley (Darcy’s friend) – Mrs. Hurst and Caroline (his sisters) We learn nothing of their parents, but they seem to have died. Bingley has been successful “in trade,” so to reflect this new social status, he rents an estate near Meryton called Netherfield. Sir William and Mrs. Lucas Charlotte (Elizabeth’s friend)

Maria

several little Lucases

This family is friendly with the Bennet family; they also live near Meryton. VOLUME ONE, CHAPTERS 1-12 (just to get you started) Mrs. Bennet is excited that an eligible bachelor, Mr. Bingley, has rented the nearby mansion, Netherfield Park. She thinks this will be a wonderful chance to marry off one of her five daughters. When Bingley meets Jane, the eldest Bennet sister, they enjoy each other's company, and Jane tells her sister Elizabeth that she admires him very much. But Bingley's friend, Darcy, makes a bad impression. He appears too proud and reserved, although he admits to Bingley's sister Caroline that he finds Elizabeth very attractive. When Jane is invited to Netherfield to visit Bingley's haughty sisters and becomes ill with a cold, Elizabeth walks through the mud to nurse her and stays until Jane is well enough to go home. During this time, Elizabeth becomes suspicious that Bingley's sisters (Caroline and Mrs. Hurst) are hypocritical in their "friendship" with Jane, and that Caroline has designs on Darcy. She also realizes, sadly, that her mother and younger sisters are behaving foolishly. Pride and Prejudice: Guide for Chapters 1-2 CHARACTERS Mr. Bennet

Country gentleman who has five daughters: Jane, Elizabeth (Lizzy), Mary, Catherine (Kitty), and Lydia; he has married beneath him and regrets it; takes refuge in books and sarcastic wit; especially close to his daughter Elizabeth, but also to Jane.

Mrs. Bennet

Unrefined, silly, and often the subject of her husband's sarcasm; her main goal is to marry off her daughters.

Elizabeth (Lizzy)

Intelligent and witty; 20 years old; a keen observer of people and things around her.

Jane

Eldest Bennet daughter; 22 years old; more gentle and less judgmental than Elizabeth; they share a close bond.

Mary

Less pretty and more serious than her other sisters; likes to show off her musical talents and book learning.

Kitty

A little older than Lydia, around 16 years old; both Kitty and her youngest sister Lydia are silly, frivolous, and mainly interested in parties, dances, clothes, and soldiers.

Lydia

Youngest Bennet daughter, 15 years old.

Mrs. Long

Neighbour of the Bennets who gossips with Mrs. Bennet.

Mr. Bingley

A well-mannered, pleasant young man; he has money, from his father's success in business; has just rented an estate called Netherfield Park, which is near the village of Longbourn, where the Bennets live. 11

VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they appear in the novel; many of them have other meanings, or the modern meaning may be a bit different—that’s why you should keep this list nearby when you read. The words in bold will be on the next vocabulary quiz. Remember that this novel uses British English. In the text you will also notice that some words have old spellings (chuse = choose; teazing = teasing) and some have a space where we usually don't have one (any one; no where). Also, some words have notations1, this means that you need to see the Explanatory Notes on pages 416-435 to understand the allusion. word rightful let tiresome design flatter engage for assure you account scrupulous hearty consent quickness vexing compassion consideration sarcastic caprice insufficient mean temper solace intended disclosed resentfully hypocritical deigned scolding discretion ill fretfully fortnight circumspection venture office emphatic surpassing tumult raptures amends stoutly conjecturing

ch.pg 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10

definition right, proper, just to rent, lease tedious, causing boredom plan, intention to compliment excessively agree to set the mind at rest, make certain those circumstances conscientious, principled unrestrained warmth or feeling permission, agreement thinking, understanding irritating, annoying, bothering deep feeling of support high regard sharply mocking and ridiculing willful behavior not sufficient, inadequate average, humble, dull disposition, state of mind comfort, consolation had in mind, planned made known, divulged full of resentment insincere thought worthy of oneself reprimanding reservation, modesty not favorably feeling troubled, peevish two weeks prudence take a risk duty forceful going beyond the limit commotion, disturbance ecstatic expressions reparations, payment boldly, forcefully guessing

context considered as the rightful property of some one Netherfield Park is let at last how can you be so tiresome! Is that his design in settling here? My dear, you flatter me. It is more than I engage for I assure you merely on that account You are over scrupulous surely. my hearty consent my hearty consent to his marrying Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters You take delight in vexing me You have no compassion on my poor nerves you mention them with consideration these twenty years sarcastic humour sarcastic humour, reserve, and caprice experience of 3 and 20 years had been insufficient She was a woman of mean understanding uncertain temper its solace was visiting and news He had always intended to visit him It was then disclosed in the following manner said her mother resentfully She is a selfish, hypocritical woman Mrs. Bennet deigned not to make any reply began scolding one of her daughters Kitty has no discretion in her coughs She times them ill replied Kitty fretfully To-morrow fortnight [a fortnight from tomorrow] I honour your circumspection But if we do not venture If you decline the office, I will take it on myself emphatic exclamation that of Mrs. Bennet perhaps surpassing the rest when the first tumult of joy was over fatigued with the raptures of his wife make him amends for his kindness said Lydia stoutly rest of the evening was spent in conjecturing how soon

QUESTIONS to Check Your Understanding: Chapter One 1.

How is the first line ironic? From whose point of view is it?

2.

How does the conversation between Mr. and Mrs. Bennet and the last paragraph show them and their relationship?

3.

Which daughter does each parent prefer and why?

Chapter Two 4.

Why does Mr. Bennet pretend to refuse to go visit Mr. Bingley?

5.

How does Mr. Bennet feel about Mary? 12

6.

Why is Mr. Bennet the way he is?

Chapters 3-4 NEW CHARACTERS Miss Caroline Bingley Bingley's sister; a fashionable young woman, but superficial and selfish, she's a social climber who is ambitious to rise in society through marriage. Mrs. Louisa Hurst

Bingley's married sister, similar in character to her younger sister.

Mr. Hurst

Bingley's brother in law; a lazy man only interested in food and entertainment.

Fitzwilliam Darcy

An extremely wealthy aristocrat (one of the top 400 most wealthy in England); proud, haughty and extremely conscious of class differences at the beginning of the novel. He does, however, have a strong sense of honor and virtue

VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they appear in the novel; many of them have other meanings, or the modern meaning may be a bit different. On page 12, &c = etc. word ingenious suppositions surmises eluded obliged

ch.pg 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11

definition original, imaginative something supposed or assumed something guessed at escaped from constrained because of some reason

ascertaining

3.11

discovering, making certain

deferred

3.11

put off, postponed

consequently

3.12

following as a result or conclusion

disconcerted grieved countenance unaffected mien principal amiable resentment slighted scarcity insupportable

3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13

fastidious

3.13

beheld tolerable consequence cordial disposition gratified inhabitants regardless splendid finery rudeness horrid conceited set downs detest gallantry apt hasty censuring follies candid

3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 4.16 4.16 4.16 4.16 4.16 4.16

upset, disordered, ruffled be sorrowful, distressed, mourned appearance, facial expression natural, genuine manner, appearance, expression high ranking, important good-natured, sociable indignation as a result of a perceived offense treated with inattention or disrespect insufficient amount, shortage unbearable, intolerable excessively sensitive in matters of taste or propriety looked upon, gazed at endurable, fair, adequate, passable distinction, importance in rank, significance warm, sincere, hearty one's usual mood, temperament pleased, satisfied people who live in a certain place unmindful, heedless glorious, praiseworthy fine clothing and accessories ill-mannered behavior, discourtesy dreadful, offensive, extremely disagreeable vain critical remarks, rebukes dislike intensely, abhor courteous attention, especially to a lady inclined, likely to do or be something eager, impatient, rash condemning, judging foolish acts honest, frank, natural

context ingenious suppositions ingenious suppositions distant surmises but he eluded the skill of them all they were at last obliged to accept they had the advantage of ascertaining from an upper window an answer which deferred it all consequently unable to accept the honour of their invitation Mrs. Bennet was quite disconcerted The girls grieved over such a number of ladies he had a pleasant countenance a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners noble mien acquainted with all the principal people in the room Such amiable qualities must speak for themselves. sharpened into particular resentment by his having slighted one of her daughters by the scarcity of gentlemen it would be insupportable I would not be so fastidious as you are the most beautiful creature I ever beheld She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted with no very cordial feelings towards him she had a lively, playful disposition Jane was as much gratified by this they were the principal inhabitants With a book he was regardless of time evening which had raised such splendid expectations protested against any description of finery the shocking rudeness of Mr. Darcy he is a most disagreeable, horrid man so conceited that there was no enduring him! to have given him one of your set downs I quite detest the man No thanks to his gallantry for that you are a great deal too apt to like people I would wish not to be hasty to be hasty in censuring any one blind to the follies and nonsense of others But to be candid without ostentation 13

ostentation converse convinced calculated pliancy unassailed deficient meanly by trade tenant preside of age endeared to ductility reliance understanding haughty offence

4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.18 4.18 4.18 4.18 4.18 4.18

excessive display, pretentiousness talk, discuss persuaded planned, brought about deliberately flexibility, easily influenced, yielding unclouded, not prejudiced by lacking, defective badly in business one who rents a house or building occupy a placed of authority at a mature age feel affection for, admired easily influenced, easily led confidence, dependence intelligence, comprehension intentionally and disdainfully proud hurt displeasure; act of offending people

commendation

4.18

recommendation, praise

But to be candid without ostentation when you converse with them but was not convinced had not been calculated to please less pliancy of temper judgment too unassailed by any attention to herself not deficient in good humour think well of themselves, and meanly of others their own had been acquired by trade established only as a tenant unwilling to preside at his table Mr. Bingley had not been of age two years Bingley was endeared to Darcy ductility of his temper strength of Darcy's regard Bingley had the firmest reliance In understanding Darcy was the superior. He was at the same time haughty, reserved Darcy was continually giving offence felt authorised by such commendation to think of her as he chose

Chapter Three 1.

How does Darcy's behavior (and others' views of it) differ from Bingley's at the Meryton assembly?

2.

How does Darcy offend Elizabeth, and how does she react? Is she hurt by the comment?

Chapter Four 3.

What character traits do Jane and Bingley share?

4.

What first impressions do Elizabeth and Darcy have of each other, and why might these first impressions prevent them from going beyond that judgment?

5.

What is Elizabeth's judgment of Bingley's sisters?

Chapters 5-6 NEW CHARACTERS Charlotte Lucas Elizabeth's close friend, intelligent, but plain looking; has a practical outlook on life, love, and marriage. Sir William Lucas

word intimate disgust unshackled elated civil render supercilious former misfortune mortified piqued solidity prone complacency vanity synonymously good will

Charlotte's father, trying to act the part of a member of the upper class and fashionable society, but is crude and loud, and speaks too frankly; later, he says something in public that causes a big problem for others. ch.pg 5.19 5.19 5.19 5.19 5.19 5.19 5.19 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21 6.22

definition having a close relationship great hatred freed, as if from shackles joyful polite cause to become haughty, disdainful the first of two mentioned bad fortune, ill luck cause shame or humiliation pride oneself condition of being solid or sound tending contentment, satisfaction excessive pride in oneself expressing similar meaning good intentions

context with whom the Bennets were particularly intimate It had given him a disgust to his business unshackled by business For though elated by his rank being civil to all the world it did not render him supercilious it did not render him supercilious brought the former to Longbourn to hear it would be quite a misfortune to be liked by him if he had not mortified mine who piqued herself upon the solidity of her reflections the solidity of her reflections particularly prone to it who do not cherish a feeling of self-complacency Vanity and pride are different things the words are often used synonymously the good will of Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley 14

intolerable probability evident composure impertinent impose consolation simpleton partial endeavour conceal leisure regard ascertain parties felicity defects sound scarcely rendered symmetry asserting satirical defied persevering gravely capital entreaties

6.22 6.22 6.22 6.22 6.22 6.22 6.22 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25

pedantic

6.25

indignation exclusion engrossed

6.26 6.26 6.26

refinements

6.26

polished savage adept inconsiderable discomposure propriety persuasion excel inducement complaisance archly reverie insipidity strictures meditating credit inspiring intrepidity matrimony indifference wit

6.26 6.26 6.26 6.26 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.27 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28

unbearable likelihood obvious, easily see understood tranquility of mind, calmness ill-mannered people who meddle force or pass off on others comfort fool, silly or stupid person having a particularly liking for try, attempt hide free time, freedom from duty respect, affection, esteem discover, make certain person, selected group happiness imperfections, faults with firm basis, free from defect almost not, hardly shown, represented harmonious balance stating, declaring characterized by irony challenged, confronted persisting seriously first rate, excellent pleas, requests showing narrow concern for book learning and formal rules anger aroused by something unjust rejection occupied, absorbed improvements, fineness of thought/expression refined, cultured wild, uncivilized person expert, highly-skilled person trivial state of disorder, absence of calm appropriateness, quality of being proper act of convincing be superior, to beyond a limit or standard motive wish to please mischievously daydreaming dullness, lack of excitement limits, restrictions reflecting, pondering source of honor or distinction bringing about, arousing, stimulating courage, fearlessness marriage lack of concern or interest verbal humor, repartee

the mother was found to be intolerable arising in all probability from the influence of It was generally evident whenever they met a composure of temper guard her from the suspicions of the impertinent to be able to impose on the public be but poor consolation to believe the world he must be a simpleton indeed not to discover But if a woman is partial to a man does not endeavour to conceal it does not endeavour to conceal it there will be leisure for falling in love the degree of her own regard enabled them to ascertain that they both like... dispositions of the parties are ever so well known advance their felicity in the least as little as possible of the defects of the person it is not sound had at first scarcely allowed her to be pretty find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent failure of perfect symmetry in her form his asserting that her manners were not He has a very satirical eye Miss Lucas defied her friend to mention On Miss Lucas's persevering...she added... And gravely glancing at Mr. Darcy... though by no means capital before she could reply to the entreaties of... a pedantic air and a conceited manner silent indignation to the exclusion of all conversation was too much engrossed by his own thoughts the finest refinements of polished societies the finest refinements of polished societies Every savage can dance. you are an adept in the science, Mr. Darcy received no inconsiderable pleasure from... said with some discomposure to Sir William Mr. Darcy with grave propriety requested to be by his attempt at persuasion You excel so much in the dance considering the inducement we cannot wonder at his complaisance Elizabeth looked archly, and turned away. I can guess the subject of your reverie. The insipidity and yet the noise What would I give to hear your strictures on them! meditating on the very great pleasure... what lady had the credit of inspiring the credit of inspiring such reflections Mr. Darcy replied with great intrepidity. from love to matrimony in a moment His listened to her with perfect indifference her wit flowed long

QUESTIONS Chapter Five 1.

What is Charlotte's justification for Darcy's behavior, and what does it show about her?

15

Chapter Six 2.

What is Charlotte's view of how a woman should behave around a man she's interested in? What is her view of marriage?

3.

What are hints of Darcy's changing feelings toward Elizabeth?

Chapters 7-9 NEW CHARACTERS Mrs. Phillips Mrs. Bennet's sister; shares some of her foolish qualities, lives in Meryton. Colonel Forester Head of the military regiment stationed at Meryton; his wife becomes friends with Lydia. Captain Carter One of the soldiers stationed at Meryton with whom Kitty and Lydia are infatuated. Mr. Jones A local apothecary. IMPORTANT CONCEPT entailment: The legal limitation of the inheritance of landed estate to a specific line of heirs. Usually this meant the male heir, as in the case of the Bennet estate in Longbourn (which is to be inherited by the closest male heir, Mr. Collins). Since the Bennets only have daughters, their estate cannot be left to them. This law (entail) may have been established generations earlier (something Mrs. Bennet can't understand) and can be broken by the heir when he comes of age (reaches adulthood).

VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they appear in the novel. A strange spelling on page 33: ankles (for ankles). word deficiency thither vacant contrived productive animation nay footman tête-à- tête receipt scheme chaise extort prognostics uneasy intermission contrivance imputed fit pursuit trifling resolution benevolence exertion proportion repaired lodgings stiles contempt occasion justifying latter enquiries equal to solicitude acutely convert dispatched

ch.pg 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.30 7.30 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.31 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.33 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34

definition lacking over there empty devised, planned producing a result liveliness no servant private talk act of receiving plan light, open carriage draw out with difficulty predictions lacking comfort without pause clever plan caused by attack chase simple, trivial determination to do kindness, generosity effort part related to the whole went temporary home steps for crossing a fence hatred cause demonstrating a good reason for the second of two mentioned questions having the qualities necessary quality of being concerned, attentive sharply, intensely change sent to

context could but ill supply the deficiency of his usually tempted thither 3 or 4 times a week their minds were more vacant than their sisters' they always contrived to learn some Their visits...were now productive the mention of which gave animation to their mother I shall not say nay to him by the entrance of the footman with a note a whole day's tête-à- tête between two women Come as soon as you can on the receipt of this. That would be a good scheme the gentlemen will have Mr. Bingley's chaise She did at last extort from her father with many cheerful prognostics of a bad day Her sisters were uneasy for her continued the whole evening without intermission all the felicity of her contrivance is to be imputed to my getting wet a dangerous fit of illness it was all in pursuit of Mr. Bingley People do not die of little trifling colds. She declared her resolution. I admire the activity of your benevolence exertion should always be in proportion to should always be in proportion to what is required repaired to the lodgings the lodgings of one of the officers' wives jumping over stiles they held her in contempt for it the occasion's justifying her coming justifying her coming so far alone The latter was thinking only of his breakfast. Her enquiries after her sister She was not equal, however, to much solicitude they shewed for Jane her head ached acutely Miss Bingley was obliged to convert the offer a servant was dispatched 16

acquaint intruder indolent pronounced nonsensical scampering petticoat inclined exhibition decorum well settled jot materially assent indulged mirth vulgar renewal summoned quit her astonishment singular censure fetch afforded idle accomplished piano-forte exquisite extent air substantial severe capacity implied paltry device condescend employ captivation affinity cunning despicable eminent comply miserable wretchedness duets chief amendment restoration advisable trespass profuse vast lease intricate estimable confined unvarying alter offended delicate

7.34 8.35 8.35 8.35 8.36 8.36 8.36 8.36 8.36 8.36 8.36 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.37 8.38 8.38 8.38 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 9.41 9.41 9.41 9.41 9.41 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.42 9.43 9.43 9.43

make familiar, inform one who violate others' privacy lazy declared foolish, absurd run hurriedly under skirt tending, likely display proper manners well established in marriage bit truly agreement given in to humor, pleasure ill-bred, common, indecent rebirth, refreshing sent for, requested to appear leave her surprise peculiar, eccentric condemnation, criticism get, obtain provided lazy, without work having many talents piano most excellent range, degree personal bearing, manner of worth, valuable hard, critical ability suggested trifling, worthless scheme do something beneath one's dignity use state of fascinating, charming someone resemblance, connection crafty deception worthy of hatred well regarded, famous act by another's request or wish uncomfortable, unhappy misery, unpleasantness songs sung by two people most of, the largest part of improvement return prudent, worthy of being suggested take advantage of another's kindness plentiful, extravagant great, enormous amount rental agreement, contract complex admirable small without change change felt displeasure sensitive, considerate

to acquaint the family with her stay feeling herself so much an intruder he was an indolent man Her manners were pronounced to be very bad Very nonsensical to come at all Why must she be scampering about the country Yes, and her petticoat I am inclined to think that you would not wish make such an exhibition a most country town indifference to decorum I wish with all my heart she were well settled not make them one jot less agreeable But is must very materially lessen their chance their hearty assent indulged their mirth for some time indulged their mirth for some time their dear friend's vulgar relations With a renewal of tenderness sat with her till summoned to coffee Elizabeth would not quit her at all looked at her with astonishment That is rather singular I deserve neither such praise nor such censure offered to fetch her others all that his library afforded but I am an idle fellow so extremely accomplished for her age Her performance on the piano-forte is exquisite. Her performance on the piano-forte is exquisite. the common extent of accomplishments something in her air and manner of walking something more substantial Are you so severe upon your own sex I never saw such capacity the injustice of her implied doubt it is a paltry device it is a paltry device sometimes condescend to employ for captivation sometimes condescend to employ for captivation sometimes condescend to employ for captivation Whatever bears affinity to cunning is despicable. Whatever bears affinity to cunning is despicable. Whatever bears affinity to cunning is despicable. the most eminent physicians unwilling to comply with they were miserable They solaced their wretchedness by duets after supper Elizabeth passed the chief of the night In spite of this amendment her restoration to health think it all advisable We must trespass a little longer on your kindness Mrs. Bennet was profuse in her acknowledgement suffers a vast deal you have but a short lease a deep, intricate character more or less estimable a very confined and unvarying society a very confined and unvarying society people themselves alter so much offended by his manner of mentioning His sister was less delicate 17

genteel mince pity particular efficacy stout ensued tremble lest tax assurance

9.43 9.44 9.44 9.44 9.44 9.44 9.44 9.44 9.44 9.45 9.45

well mannered finely chopped meat shame special effectiveness substantial, powerful followed shiver, shake, shiver for fear that make demands on, burden self-confidence, boldness

so genteel and so easy mince pies It is a pity they are not handsome She is our particular friend first discovered the efficacy of poetry Of a fine, stout, healthy love general pause which ensued made Elizabeth tremble lest her mother made Elizabeth tremble lest her mother the youngest should tax Mr. Bingley with had increased into assurance

QUESTIONS Chapter Seven 1. Does Mrs. Bennet's scheme work for Jane? How does it affect Elizabeth? Chapter Eight 2. What effect does Caroline Bingley want her critical comments of Elizabeth to have on Darcy? Is Miss Bingley successful or not? Chapter Nine 3. How is Elizabeth embarrassed by her family at Netherfield Park?

Guide for Chapters 10-13 NEW CHARACTERS Hill Mr. Collins Lady Catherine de Bourgh

The Bennet family cook and maid. Mr. Bennet's cousin, heir to the Longbourn estate, a clergyman; he is pompous, pretentious, always flattering and seeking the approval of social superiors. Collins is one of Austen's great comic creations, used to attack social pretension and conventional ideas about marriage. Darcy's aunt and Mr. Collins' patron (he is the clergyman who lives next to her estate, Rosings Park); she is bossy and meddling; she is very concerned with social appearances and status. Austen also uses her character to make fun of society.

VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they appear in the novel. word ch.pg definition invalid 10.46 sick person perpetual 10.46 constant odious 10.46 exciting hatred lot 10.46 fate defer 10.47 postpone, delay determine 10.47 decide, settle humility 10.47 lack of pride, state of being humble disarm 10.47 make harmless reproof 10.47 criticism boast 10.47 show of excessive pride, brag quitting 10.48 leaving panegyric 10.48 elaborate praise, public compliment laudable 10.48 praise-worthy precipitance 10.48 quality of being impulsive or abrupt celerity 10.48 speed rashness 10.48 unthinking quickness atoned 10.48 make up for obstinacy 10.48 stubbornness adhering 10.48 sticking yield 10.49 give in persuasion 10.49 act of persuading conviction 10.49 strong belief appertain 10.49 belong as a part of aweful 10.49 inspiring awe, awesome, great expostulation 10.49 strong demand disputes 10.50 debate, controversy

context spent some hours...with the invalid The perpetual commendations of the lady How odious I should think them! they fall to my lot instead of to yours give me leave to defer your raptures it is not for me to determine Your humility...must disarm reproof. Your humility...must disarm reproof. Your humility...must disarm reproof. sometimes an indirect boast if you every resolved on quitting Netherfield meant it to be a sort of panegyric what is there so very laudable in a precipitance which must leave gone with such celerity consider the rashness of your atoned for by your obstinacy atoned for by your obstinacy in adhering to it To yield readily to the persuasion of a friend To yield without conviction which is to appertain to this request I do not know a more aweful object in an expostulation with her brother too much like disputes 18

alacrity reprehensible approbation despising overthrowing premeditated dare affront bewitched compass cure abominably avenue gaily rambled considerable anecdote diffuseness salutation petition quest insufferably tedious order of the day inflexibly studious attitude novelty confidence plague uncommon ridiculous whims inconsistencies regulation pretension vouch puffed about implacable shade propensity wilfully propitious postscript spare laconic flogged roused rail bitterly iniquitous filial scruples subsisting breach variance

10.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 10.51 10.51 10.51 10.51 10.51 10.52 10.52 10.52 11.53 11.53 11.53 11.53 11.53 11.54 11.54 11.54 11.54 11.55 11.55 11.55 11.55 11.55 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.56 11.57 11.57 11.57 11.57 12.58 12.58 12.58 12.59 12.59 13.60 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61

ordination

13.61

patronage bounty beneficence rectory parish

13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61

eagerness, speed deserving criticism, blameworthy praise hating overturning, ruining planned in advance have the courage for the challenge insult fascinated, enchanted achieve, obtain heal unpleasantly, terribly road lined with trees happily wandered many, great verbal tale, story wordiness greeting request, plea search unbearably, intolerably boring plan, condition stubbornly interested in study position of the body, state of mind newness secrecy, friendship harass, annoy rare absurd, laughable impulse, passing fancy something not consistent control claim verify blown about unyielding, unchanging flaw, fault inclination, tendency purposely favorable, gracious addition to a letter, at the end do without having few words, concise, terse beaten aroused, caused complain with resentment wicked having to do with a son's duties ethics, principles existing division, break up being different, varying ceremony in which a person is admitted into the church financial support plentiful gifts acts of charity or kindness home of parish minister church

moved with alacrity more wrong and reprehensible too little to care for his approbation pleasure of despising my taste delight in overthrowing their premeditated contempt if you dare expected to affront him never been so bewitched by any woman if you can compass it do cure the younger girls You used us abominably ill go into the avenue She then ran gaily off as she rambled about Their powers of conversation were considerable. relate an anecdote with humour but diffuseness and warmth remained remained for Bingley's salutation found even his open petition rejected in quest of some amusement something insufferably tedious in the usual something insufferably tedious in the usual made the order of the day Darcy...was still inflexibly studious Darcy...was still inflexibly studious sitting so long in one's attitude awake to the novelty of attention in each other's confidence We can all plague and punish one another That is an uncommon advantage may be rendered ridiculous by a person whims and inconsistencies do divert me whims and inconsistencies do divert me always under good regulation I have made no such pretension. My temper I dare not vouch for. My feelings are not puffed about Implacable resentment is a shade in a resentment is a shade in a character a propensity to hate every body And your is wilfully to misunderstand them Her answer...was not propitious in her postscript it was added that she could spare them very well though very laconic in his expressions a private had been flogged This roused a general astonishment she continued to rail bitterly she continued to rail bitterly a most iniquitous affair had some filial scruples had some filial scruples disagreement subsisting between yourself heal the breach pleased him to be at variance having received ordination at Easter distinguished by the patronage of whose bounty and beneficence has whose bounty and beneficence has the valuable rectory of this parish the valuable rectory of this parish 19

demean conscientious indulgent atonement deference pompous servility punctual stately fame destitute allude precipitate asperity

13.61 13.62 13.62 13.62 13.62 13.62 13.63 13.63 13.63 13.63 13.63 13.63 13.64 13.64

humble oneself thoughtful giving in to someone's desires act of making up for an offence courteous respect haughty acting like a servant, acting lowly exactly on time dignified, majestic reputation poor, impoverished refer to acting hastily ill temperedness, irritability

endeavour to demean myself a most conscientious and polite young man should be so indulgent as to let him make us the atonement he thinks our due his extraordinary deference for Lady Catherine something very pompous in his stile a mixture of servility and self-importance Mr. Collins was punctual to his time His air was grave and stately fame had fallen short of the truth for else they will be destitute enough You allude perhaps to the entail I am cautious of appearing forward and precipitate assured him with some asperity

QUESTIONS Chapter Ten 1. What do the conversations reveal about each character (Miss Bingley, Darcy, Bingley, Elizabeth)? Chapter Eleven 2. In the last two chapters, what has caused Darcy's affection for Elizabeth to deepen? Chapter Twelve 3. Why does Darcy ignore Elizabeth during her and Jane's last day at Netherfield? Chapter Thirteen 4. What is humorous about Mr. Collins' character and actions at Longbourn?

Chapters 14-16 NEW CHARACTERS Denny An officer in the Meryton regiment, object of Lydia's affection and friend of Wickham's. Wickham An officer who has a past connection with Darcy: the two men grew up together at Pemberley. Wickham says a lot of bad things about Darcy, influencing Elizabeth's opinion of Darcy. VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they appear in the novel. There is something odd on page 72: "―shire," which was a convention at the time so an author didn't have to be geographically specific; there is also an odd spelling: crouded (for crowded). word ch.pg definition context eloquent 14.65 persuasive, graceful, and fluent in speaking appeared eloquent in her praise elevated 14.65 raised to a higher level The subject elevated him to solemnity 14.65 seriousness more than the usual solemnity of manner aspect 14.65 countenance, look with a most important aspect affability 14.65 friendliness, gentleness such affability and condescension discourses 14.65 speeches approve of both the discourses vouchsafed 14.65 condescend to give something had even vouchsafed to suggest some abode 14.66 home my humble abode widow 14.66 woman whose husband has died she was a widow constitution 14.66 physical condition of a sickly constitution deprived 14.66 take away from, deprive has deprived the British court ornament 14.66 person who is a source of pride or honor of its brightest ornament duchess 14.66 wife of a duke; aristocrat born to be a duchess dose 14.67 portion (usually of medicine) the dose had been enough monotonous 14.67 dull, without variation with very monotonous solemnity stamp 14.67 nature or quality books of a serious stamp importune 14.67 annoy, vex no longer importune my young cousin antagonist 14.67 game partner, enemy as his antagonist at backgammon backgammon 14.67 board game as his antagonist at backgammon miserly 15.68 greedy an illiterate and miserly father subjection 15.69 condition of being under someone's power The subjection in which his father had prosperity 15.69 wealth early and unexpected prosperity veneration 15.69 great respect his veneration for her as his patroness 20

obsequiousness reconciliation eligibility parsonage avowal amid treasured up good graces cessation exceedingly bonnet recal pretence entreated corps address readiness unassuming corroborated long pressing contemplation mutual unwearying convey proprietor digressions retail stuffy threadbare at intervals whist impartial deserts proclaim scandalous verily prospect procured bequeathed godfather amply disregarded redress bequest imprudence induced malicious just superintendance wonderful degenerate conversible liberal-minded dictatorial insolent enumerating

15.69 15.69 15.69 15.70 15.70 15.70 15.70 15.70 15.70 15.70 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.71 15.72 15.72 15.72 15.73 15.73 16.74 16.74 16.74 16.74 16.75 16.75 16.75 16.75 16.76 16.77 16.77 16.77 16.77 16.77 16.77 16.78 16.78 16.78 16.78 16.78 16.78 16.78 16.78 16.79 16.79 16.79 16.80 16.80 16.81 16.81 16.82 16.82 16.82

servility, servile compliance settling of a dispute condition of being qualified or worthy home of a clergyman acknowledgement, admission surrounded by, in the middle of valued highly, saved for future use state of being in someone's favor act of ceasing, halting very much woman's hat held in place with a ribbon bring back, bring back to awareness act of pretending asked for group of soldiers way of speaking willingness, promptness humble, modest confirmed, supported desire, want demanding, urgent act of thinking possessed in common not tiring, without pause give, pass on owner comments that are off the point tell and retell dull, formal overused, hackneyed, trite at times, stages, from time to time card game without judgment something deserving reward or punishment say or state publicly shocking, causing scandal truly thought, possibility brought about, provided left to someone in a will man who sponsors a child at baptism with a generous amount not looked at, dismissed from consideration amends, remedy, correction something left to someone in a will quality of being unwise or indiscreet caused evil honorable and fair direction, duty of taking care of astonishing, causing wonder deteriorate, decline having conversational abilities open-minded acting like a dictator, an authoritative ruler rude, arrogant, insulting counting off, naming one by one

pride and obsequiousness seeking a reconciliation full of eligibility and suitableness beginning with his parsonage-house to the avowal of his hopes amid very complaisant smiles Mrs. Bennet treasured up the hint high in her good graces with little cessation discomposed Mr. Bennet exceedingly a very smart bonnet indeed could recal them under the pretence of wanting something entreated permission to introduce accepted a commission in their corps very pleasing address a happy readiness of conversation perfectly correct and unassuming Mr. Darcy corroborated it with a bow it was impossible not to long to know Miss Lydia's pressing entreaties but her contemplation of one stranger they parted in mutual good spirits assured with unwearying civility did not at first convey much gratification who was its proprietor with occasional digressions resolving to retail it all among her broad-faced stuffy uncle Philips the commonest, dullest, most threadbare he had still at intervals a kind listener by sitting down to whist impossible for me to be impartial be estimated beyond their deserts what I might proclaim to all the world his behaviour to myself has been scandalous I verily believe I could forgive himj It was the prospect of constant society Meryton has procured them the late Mr. Darcy bequeathed me He was my godfather provide for me amply How could his well be disregarded? seek legal redress the terms of the bequest forfeited all claim to it by...imprudence what can have induced him to behave descending to such malicious revenge I can hardly be just to him to my father's active superintendance It is wonderful to degenerate from the popular qualities He can be a conversible companion he is liberal-minded her manners are dictatorial and insolent her manners are dictatorial and insolent enumerating all the dishes at supper

QUESTIONS Chapter Fourteen 1. How does Mr. Bennet make fun of Mr. Collins, and how does Collins show himself to be both pompous and servile?

21

Chapter Fifteen 2. After he finds out that Jane may be soon engaged to another gentleman, Collins turns his attentions to Elizabeth. What does this show about him? 3.

On the street in Meryton, what does Elizabeth notice when Darcy and Wickham meet?

Chapter Sixteen 4. What does Wickham say that Darcy has done to him? 5.

How does Elizabeth react to this news? What does this show about her?

Chapters 17-18 IMPORTANT CONCEPT Social status and social rules: On pages 95-96 when Mr. Collins decides to introduce himself to Darcy, he commits a serious social error. Because of his self-importance and arrogance, Mr. Collins believes that through his association with his patron Lady Catherine de Bourgh, he has risen to a higher social level. It was improper in the more formal early 19 th century English society for someone of a lower rank to just walk up to a member of the upper class and introduce himself―rank and wealth were very important in social relations. Elizabeth is extremely aware of these social conventions, and is continually being embarrassed by her family's lack of propriety. VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they appear in the novel. There are some odd spellings: exstasy (for ecstasy); stopt (for stopped). word ch.pg definition context veracity 17.84 truth question the veracity of a young man alienated 17.84 set them apart from others circumstances which have alienated them ceremony 17.85 formality every thing mentioned without ceremony distressing 17.85 upsetting it is distressing ceremonious 17.85 formal instead of a ceremonious card ball 17.86 dance a ball was, at any rate, a ball profess 17.86 declare, claim I profess myself one of those who recreation 17.86 fun, leisure who consider intervals of recreation rebuke 17.86 criticism, reprimand dreading a rebuke either from the Archbishop tendency 17.86 inclination young man of character can have any evil tendency soliciting 17.86 asking for I take this opportunity of soliciting yours, Miss Elizabeth taken in 17.86 tricked, deceived Elizabeth felt herself completely taken in. perforce 17.86 by necessity her own was per force delayed a little quadrille 17.86 card game assisting to form a quadrille table at Rosings vivacity 17.86 liveliness, spirit a compliment on her wit and vivacity pitiable 17.87 arousing pity or compassion would have been in a pitiable state at this time by proxy 17.87 with the help of someone else the very shoe-roses for Netherfield were got by proxy trial 17.87 test, challenge Even Elizabeth might have found some trial of her patience in vain 18.88 without success looked in vain for Mr. Wickham surmount 18.89 overcome, conquer ...ill humour, which she could not wholly surmount transition 18.89 switch or change unable to make a voluntary transition to presence of mind 18.89 poise, self-control fret over her own want of presence of mind console 18.89 comfort, make feel better Charlotte tried to console her. oblige 18.90 force, constrain the greater punishment to her partner to oblige him to talk taciturn 18.90 uncommunicative, laconic an unsocial, taciturn disposition posterity 18.90 future generations handed down to posterity eclat 18.90 brilliance of performance with all the eclat of a proverb in the affirmative 18.90 yes, asserting yes She answered in the affirmative hauteur 18.90 arrogance A deeper shade of hauteur overspread his features constrained 18.91 restrained At length Darcy spoke, and in a constrained manner desirous 18.91 wanting to, desiring seemed desirous of changing the subject first circles 18.91 highest level, most talented you belong to the first circles upbraiding 18.91 criticizing sharply whose bright eyes are also upbraiding me forcibly 18.91 with force seemed to strike him forcibly unappeasable 18.92 unable to be calmed, fixed your resentment once created was unappeasable incumbent 18.92 obligatory It is particularly incumbent on those who never merely 18.92 just; only Merely to the illustration of your character 22

gravity get on accosted implicit sneer interference malice pardon regard exultation

18.92 18.92 18.93 18.93 18.93 18.93 18.93 18.94 18.94 18.95

dissuade

18.95

scope laity dictates discernment perverseness self-gratulation consign triumphantly revive tranquillity in agonies impenetrably applied to compatible conciliatory preferment repulsed languor whither eclipsed

18.95 18.95 18.96 18.96 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.98 18.98 18.98 18.98 18.98 18.99 18.99 18.99 18.100 18.100 18.101 18.101

seriousness understand approached first implied, suggested scornful facial expression act of interfering, intruding desire to harm others forgiveness respect joy, rejoicing convince someone not to do something range people not in the clergy orders, commands keenness of perception something which is not right or good self-congratulation give over to the care of another victoriously come back to life, regain good spirits calmness, peace in agony, in pain strongly, unable to be penetrated asked for help agreeable, harmonious pleasant, friendly advancement rejected by denial or rudeness stillness, laziness where surpassed, outshone

endeavouring to shake off her gravity I do not get on at all. with an expression of civil disdain thus accosted her not to give implicit confidence to all his assertions turning away with a sneer Excuse my interference.―It was kindly meant. the malice of Mr. Darcy you may be sure of my pardon has deserved to lose Mr. Darcy's regard told her with great exultation Elizabeth tried hard to dissuade him from such a scheme all matters within the scope of your understanding amongst the laity follow the dictates of my conscience so well convinced of Lady Catherine's discernment a most unlucky perverseness which placed them were the first points of self-gradulation to be able to consign her single daughters to the care triumphantly believing there was no chance of it Elizabeth now began to revive. But not long was the interval of tranquillity Elizabeth was in agonies. impenetrably grave Others of the party were now applied to. perfectly compatible with the profession of a clergyman attentive and conciliatory manners towards every body to whom he owes his preferment They repulsed every attempt of Mrs. Bennet at conversation threw a languor over the whole party after his return to London, whither he was obliged to go the worth of each was eclipsed by Mr. Bingley and Netherfield

QUESTIONS Chapter Seventeen 1. When Elizabeth asks for Jane's opinion of the Wickham/Darcy conflict, what is Jane's assessment? 2.

When Elizabeth realizes that Mr. Collins has his sights set on her, what does she decide to do?

Chapter Eighteen 3. How does Elizabeth and Darcy's dance together develop and/or hinder their relationship? 4.

During the evening at Netherfield, how does Elizabeth's family (including Mr. Collins) embarrass her?

Chapters 19-23 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word ch.pg definition context diffidence 19.102 state of hesitancy, timidity having no feelings of diffidence hastening 19.102 quickly moving away she was hastening away injunction 19.102 command, order Elizabeth would not oppose such an injunction incessant 19.103 continual, constant tried to conceal by incessant employment diversion 19.103 something that distracts divided between distress and diversion modesty 19.103 propriety in speech your modesty...rather adds to your other perfections disservice 19.103 harmful action, injury far from doing you any disservice purport 19.103 purpose You can hardly doubt the purport of my discourse dissemble 19.103 pretend your natural delicacy may lead you to dissemble tempered 19.104 moderated, adjusted when tempered with the silence and respect inevitably 19.104 unavoidably and respect which her rank will inevitably excite excite 19.104 produce, arouse respect which her rank will inevitably excite reproach 19.104 criticism no ungenerous reproach shall ever pass my lips 23

altar ere suit hitherto give me leave manifold uniformly sanctioned express decisive affectation coquetry dawdled vestibule felicitations relate stedfastly bashful headstrong persists liable affair spared by Aye effusion sooth projected resignation inevitable preferment interpose dismission peevish dejection resentful assiduous morrow abatement lament self-imposed forbearance bestowed dwelling

19.105 19.105 19.105 19.106 19.106 19.106 19.106 19.106 19.106 19.107 19.107 19.107 20.108 20.108 20.108 20.108 20.108 20.108 20.108 20.108 20.109 20.110 20.111 20.111 20.111 20.111 20.112 20.112 20.112 20.112 20.112 20.112 21.113 21.113 21.113 21.113 21.113 21.113 21.113 21.113 21.114 21.114 21.114

front of the church before proposal until this time allow multiple consistently authorized particular conclusive display, manner flirtation wasted time entryway, foyer congratulations tell, explain constantly, firmly shy stubborn hold firmly to a purpose tending to have matter, incident saved by yes unrestrained outpouring relieve from worry, calm extended, thrown out act of giving up unable to avoid promotion insert a remark dismissal ill-tempered, quarrelsome state of being depressed feeling ill will diligent, persistent tomorrow easing mourn, regret voluntarily endured tolerance, patience given to focusing

intercourse beaux reserves intermarriage ingenuity merit fret deliberation disobliging utmost desponding bewailed slyness irksome preservative prosperous avail concurrence bounds

21.114 21.115 21.115 21.115 21.117 21.117 21.117 21.117 21.117 21.117 21.118 21.118 22.119 22.120 22.120 22.121 22.121 22.121 22.122

communication between people boyfriends, suitors restraint marriage between families cleverness value worry act of deciding not pleasing most, highest becoming disheartened cried out cleverness annoying something preserved thriving, favorable make use of agreement limits

lead you to the altar ere long lead you to the altar ere long said as much to encourage my suit If what I have hitherto said You must give me leave to flatter myself in spite of your manifold attractions You are uniformly charming! when sanctioned by the express authority of when sanctioned by the express authority of in such a manner as must be decisive the affectation and coquetry of an elegant female the affectation and coquetry of an elegant female having dawdled about in the vestibule having dawdled about in the vestibule returned these felicitations with equal pleasure proceeded to relate the particulars of their interview his cousin had stedfastly given him would naturally flow from her bashful modesty She is a very headstrong foolish girl If therefore she actually persists in rejecting if liable to such defects of temper her husband regarded the affair as she wished Charlotte's reply was spared by the entrance Aye, there she comes listened in silence to this effusion any attempt to reason with or sooth her began the projected conversation Resignation to inevitable evils Resignation to inevitable evils as fortunately as I have been in early preferment requesting you to interpose your authority having accepted by dismission from your daughter's lips from some peevish allusion of her mother not by embarrassment or dejection resentful silence the assiduous attentions which he had been so sensible of The morrow produced no abatement of Mrs. Bennet's The morrow produced no abatement of Mrs. Bennet's to lament over his absence from the Netherfield ball his absence had been self-imposed approved of his forbearance which they civilly bestowed on each other saw her dwelling intently returns of the delightful intercourse we have known that your beaux will be so numerous I have no reserves with you. when there has been one intermarriage there is certainly some ingenuity sensible of your merit fret no longer if upon mature deliberation the misery of disobliging his two sisters treated with the utmost contempt Jane's temper was not desponding she bewailed it as exceedingly unlucky with admirable slyness his society was irksome must be their pleasantest preservative from want longing to publish his prosperous love I shall avail myself of it without her ladyship's concurrence the bounds of decorum 24

pang incredulous boisterously courtier vent inferences deduced barbarously dwelt appease improbable retort rectitude rapturous incensed successor abhorrence

22.123 23.124 23.124 23.124 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.125 23.126 23.126 23.127 23.127

sudden spasm of pain not believing noisily one who seeks favor opening giving escape suggestions reach a conclusion uncivilly, unfairly focused, concentrated satisfy, calm not possible reply quickly quality of being morally correct filled with great joy angered one who takes over for another hatred

And to the pang of a friend disgracing herself an audience not merely wondering, but incredulous boisterously exclaimed the complaisance of a courtier her feelings found a rapid vent Two inferences...were plainly deduced from the whole Two inferences...were plainly deduced from the whole she herself had been barbarously used by them all two points she principally dwelt during the rest of the day Nothing could console and nothing appease her to consider it improbable triumph on being able to retort on Mrs. Bennet of whose rectitude and delicacy with many rapturous expressions which highly incensed Mrs. Bennet As her successor in that house she regarded her with jealous abhorrence

QUESTIONS Chapter Nineteen—Twenty 1. What makes Mr. Collins' proposal funny? Chapter Twenty-one—Twenty-two 2. How is Elizabeth contrasted with Jane in chapter 21? 3.

What is Elizabeth's reaction to Charlotte's engagement and what does her reaction show about her?

Chapter Twenty-three 4. Besides the prospect of Charlotte's marriage, what else is causing the Bennet family anxiety?

25

IB Literature—Pfeiffer Pride and Prejudice (1813): Reading Guide for Volume 2 (Chapters 24-42) Chapters 24-26 NEW CHARACTERS Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner Elizabeth's uncle and aunt (Mr. Gardiner is Mrs. Bennet's and Mrs. Philips' brother); Mr. Gardiner is "in trade," a businessman in London. Even though they live in what Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley would consider an unfashionable part of London, the Gardiners are quite respectable and have better manners than the upper-class characters we have met. Mrs. Gardiner is especially close to her nieces Elizabeth and Jane. Both Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner play key roles in the novel. VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word inmate designing inclinations sport unavailing repine encroaching integrity jilt material dispelling canvassed candour artful thwarted accident hackneyed acquiescence ablution combated fancy forfeit duplicity duped relinquish effectual

ch.pg 24.131 24.131 24.131 24.131 24.132 24.132 24.132 24.133 24.135 24.135 24.135 24.135 24.136 25.138 25.138 25.138 25.138 25.139 25.139 25.140 26.142 26.143 26.146 26.146 26.147 26.147

defection

26.147

definition resident in a dwelling scheming, planning tendencies, desires play, joke with useless, unsuccessful be discontented, complain intruding state of holding to standards deceive or drop a lover important, relevant taking away discussed frankness, straightforwardness crafty, deceiving prevented from succeeding unexpected events overused passive agreement cleansing as part of a religious rite opposed, resisted imagination, inclination, liking give up deception deceived give up fully adequate leaving a connection or relationship without consent or permission

context being an inmate of Mr. Darcy's house slave of his designing friends the caprice of their inclinations been allowed to sport with it must be unavailing But I will not repine my encroaching on your privilege of meaning of principle and integrity would jilt you creditably was of material service in dispelling material service in dispelling the gloom acknowledged and publicly canvassed mild and steady candour very artful people indeed to be thwarted so in my own family when accident separates them the expression...is so hackneyed her sister's ready acquiescence a month's ablution enough to cleanse successfully combated by must not let your fancy run away with you I should be miserable to forfeit it strong appearance of duplicity would no longer be duped a few struggles to relinquish her My watchfulness has been effectual take his defection much more to heart

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Twenty-four 1. Why and how does the mood of the story now change? 2.

What are the strong opinions Elizabeth expresses in this chapter?

Chapter Twenty-five 3. What is the connection between Mrs. Gardiner and Wickham? Chapter Twenty-six 4.

How does Austen reveal the closeness between Mrs. Gardiner and Elizabeth?

5.

Two romantic plot lines seem to be resolved in these chapters: Jane's chances with Bingley, and Elizabeth's chances with Wickham. How do different members of the Bennet family react and respond 1

Chapters 27-30 NEW CHARACTERS Mrs. Jenkinson Miss de Bourgh's governess, her constant companion. Miss de Bourgh Lady Catherine de Bourgh's daughter, a sickly young woman. Colonel Fitzwilliam Darcy's cousin; the younger son of a lord. [refer to your question 5 response for more information] VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word diversified novelty adieu rallied mercenary avarice distressed spleen banish paling discernible fender minuteness clump tenor vexatious phaeton grandeur toilette antichamber (usually spelled "antechamber") conciliating formidable deportment indisposed composedly out disclaim curtseyed betray

ch.pg 27.149 27.149 27.149 27.151 27.151 27.151 27.151 27.152 28.153 28.153 28.153 28.154 28.154 28.154 28.155 28.155 28.156 29.157 29.157

definition varied, given variety newness good-bye met together for a purpose greedy greed needy, strained melancholy, ill temper send out, exile fence able to be seen screen for fireplace close examination, close detail cluster, thick grouping voices annoying small carriage nobleness, magnificence process of dressing and grooming

context diversified by little beyond the walks to Meryton There was novelty in the scheme bidding her adieu Mrs. Gardiner then rallied her niece sorry to think our friend mercenary Where does discretion end and avarice begin? A man in distressed circumstances has not time Adieu to disappointment and spleen. to banish all fear for her health The paling of Rosings park was their boundary the Parsonage was discernible from the sideboard to the fender pointed out with a minuteness which left how many trees...were in the most distant clump the quiet tenor of their usual employments the vexatious interruptions of Mr. Collins ladies stopping in a low phaeton displaying the grandeur of his patroness the ladies were separating for the toilette

29.158

room before main room; a waiting room

through an antichamber

29.159 29.159 29.159 29.160 29.160 29.162 30.166 30.166 30.167

overcoming distrust, pleasant arousing fear, awe-inspiring behavior, conduct, demeanor mildly ill, disinclined with composure, with poise in public circulation, in society deny the truth of something made a gesture of respect, like a bow make known unintentionally

Her air was not conciliating She was not rendered formidable by silence in whose...deportment she found resemblance fearing she was indisposed answered them composedly Are any of your younger sisters out? had scarcely time to disclaim Elizabeth merely curtseyed to him whether he would betray any consciousness

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Twenty-seven 1. On what subject do Elizabeth and Mrs. Gardiner disagree? Chapter Twenty-eight 2.

Elizabeth seems to regain some respect for Charlotte. What does she learn about Charlotte's living arrangement?

3.

What side of Elizabeth's personality do we see when Miss de Bourgh visits?

Chapter Twenty-nine 4. What is the purpose of this chapter? What does it add to the plot of the story? Chapter Thirty 5.

Who is Colonel Fitzwilliam, and what kind of person does he seem to be?

2

Chapters 31-33 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. There is an odd spelling on page 180: Unles for Unless. word scruple proficient notion impolitic retaliate execution intrusion emergence prudential earnest mischance penance rencontre re-perusing disposal inured sole charge tractable prodigious scrape disposed officious

ch.pg 31.169 31.169 31.170 31.170 31.170 31.172 32.173 32.173 32.174 32.176 33.178 33.178 33.178 33.178 33.179 33.179 33.180 33.180 33.180 33.180 33.181 33.181 33.181

definition hesitate, show reluctance skilled, accomplished (person)―here a noun idea, belief hasty, acting without thinking get revenge performance entering without permission unexpected/urgent situation practical, shrewd serious, grave, important bad luck, misfortune act of self-debasement to show sorrow or repentance for a sin casual meeting studying/examining/reading again under the power or authority of someone else accustomed to accept something undesirable solitary, having no companion person or thing under the care of another easily managed/taught, docile great amount, lavish, enormous a bad/uncomfortable situation inclined intrusive, meddlesome

context she did not scruple to call out I should have been a great proficient give you a very pretty notion of me very impolitic too provoking me to retaliate instructions on execution and taste apologised for his intrusion in this emergence recollecting when in a prudential light It was an earnest, steadfast gaze perverseness of the mischance a voluntary penance in the course of their third rencontre in re-perusing Jane's last letter I am at his disposal must be inured to self-denial under his sole care Does your charge give you much one of the most tractable creatures takes a prodigious deal of care get into a scrape You are rather disposed call his interference officious

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Thirty-one 1. What do Darcy and Elizabeth reveal about their own characters and the other's in the "piano conversation" on pages 170-171? Chapter Thirty-two 2. What makes Darcy's visit to Hunsford Parsonage awkward? 3.

What do you think is Darcy's motivation for going there and for saying what he says?

4.

What is Charlotte noticing between Darcy, Colonel Fitzwilliam, and Elizabeth? What is her interpretation?

Chapter Thirty-three 5.

What makes Elizabeth think Colonel Fitzwilliam is interested in her?

6.

On their walk, what does Elizabeth say that startles Colonel Fitzwilliam, and what does Colonel Fitzwilliam say that upsets Elizabeth?

Chapters 34-36 NEW CHARACTER Mrs. Younge Miss Georgiana Darcy's former governess; an acquaintance of Wickham's. VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. One strange spelling: dropt for dropped. word revival fluttered repressed ardently subsequent

ch.pg 34.184 34.184 34.185 34.185 34.185

definition renewal, bringing up again excited controlled, brought under control passionately following, coming next

context nor was there any revival of past occurrences her spirits were a little fluttered My feelings will not be repressed. how ardently I admire and love you resentment by his subsequent language 3

provocations wholly remorse affected incredulity assumed disdained recital contemptuously comparative desert estimation bitter suppressed policy impelled unalloyed mingled disapprobation unpardonable agitating unequal verdure plantation apprehension formation magnitude charge defiance blasted wantonly exertion depravity severity liberally partiality serenity repugnance coincidence detaching remonstrance staggered extinguished vicious steady took orders pecuniary accede obtruded acquit henceforth detection contrariety insensibility penitent discredit perturbed gross err in lieu profligacy befriended

34.186 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.187 34.188 34.188 34.188 34.188 34.188 34.188 34.188 34.188 34.189 34.189 34.189 35.190 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.191 35.192 35.192 35.192 35.193 35.193 35.193 35.193 35.194 35.194 35.195 35.195 35.195 35.195 35.196 35.197 35.197 35.197 36.198 36.198 36.198 36.198 36.199 36.199 36.199 36.199 36.199 36.200

something that causes anger or resentment completely guilt assumed, faked, imitated disbelief pretended hated narration, telling of a story with disgust and hatred comparing to something else reward or punishment value angry controlled prudence, caution pressured, compelled complete mixed ill feeling unforgivable troubling unable to deal with green large estate anxiety forming greatness accusation, indictment opposition destroyed without caution effort moral corruption seriousness freely inclination toward peace, calmness disgust similarity separating criticism caused to lose strength erased evil constant went into the clergy monetary agree forced on someone free from accusation/criticism from now awareness contrast unconscious, unmindful feeling remorse for a sin argue against something successfully confused, upset terrible make a mistake in place state of being recklessly wasteful became a friend to

But I have other provocations. which proved him wholly unmoved by any feeling of remorse with a smile of affected incredulity with a smile of affected incredulity With assumed tranquility Elizabeth disdained the appearance unfolded in the recital which I received repeated Darcy contemptuously comparative poverty no less his due than his desert This is the estimation in which you hold me! These bitter accusations might have been suppressed had I with greater policy concealed the belief of my being impelled by unalloyed inclination an expression of mingled incredulity ground-work of disapprobation his unpardonable assurance very agitating reflections made her feel how unequal she was to adding to the verdure of the early trees turned again into the plantation by the apprehension of its containing the effort which the formation by no means of equal magnitude you last night laid to my charge in defiance of various claims blasted the prospects of Mr. Wickham wilfully and wantonly had been brought up to expect its exertion would be a depravity from the severity of that blame which was last night so liberally bestowed his partiality for Miss Bennet that the serenity of your sister's countenance other causes of repugnance our coincidence of feeling be lost in detaching their brother however this remonstrance might have staggered or delayed his determination did not appear to me enough extinguished The vicious propensities was to the last so steady and if he took orders some more immediate pecuniary advantage perfectly ready to accede to his proposal again most painfully obtruded on my notice you will, I hope, acquit me henceforth acquit me henceforth of cruelty Detection could not be in your power what a contrariety of emotion her sister's insensibility his style was not penitent She wished to discredit it entirely In this perturbed state of mind there was gross duplicity her wishes did not err of his receiving in lieu The extravagance and general profligacy no such recollection befriended her 4

indelicacy mediocrity lingering prepossession fervent

36.200 36.201 36.201 36.202 36.202

quality of lacking propriety, tactlessness average, low quality or value remaining prejudice passionate

She saw the indelicacy of putting himself the mediocrity of her fortune Every lingering struggle in his favour I have courted prepossession and ignorance Jane's feelings, though fervent, were little

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Thirty-four 1. Darcy says, "In vain have I struggled." What has he been struggling with, specifically? 2.

What does Elizabeth find so offensive about his marriage proposal?

3.

Explain Elizabeth's thoughts and feelings after Darcy leaves (189).

Chapter Thirty-five 4.

What key things does Elizabeth learn in Darcy's letter?

Chapter Thirty-six 5.

In her long contemplation over the letter, on what points does Elizabeth conclude that Darcy must be correct?

6.

As a result of reading and thinking about Darcy's letter, what does Elizabeth now realize about herself? (201-202)

Chapters 37-40 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. One strange spelling: sallad for salad (211). word obeisance diminution abide by replete civilities deemed indispensably parcels consternation larder signify overset congenial plague equivocal vindication profusion spur allayed injurious

ch.pg 37.204 37.204 37.205 37.207 38.208 38.208 38.208 38.209 38.210 39.211 39.211 39.212 39.214 39.215 39.215 40.217 40.217 40.217 40.218 40.219

definition gesture of deference reduction, diminishing conform to, comply with full of courtesies, acts of politeness judged, considered, supposed essentially packages sudden confusion or amazement place where meat and food are kept, pantry have meaning or importance throw into disturbed state, upset friendly, sociable harass, pester, annoy of a doubtful or uncertain nature clearing of blame or doubt plentiful outpouring or display stimulus, incentive3 lessen or reduce the pain; calm, set to rest harmful

context make them his parting obeisance the diminution of the Rosings party we must abide by our original plan so replete with advantage the parting civilities he deemed indispensably necessary he deemed indispensably necessary the parcels placed within with some consternation meat as an inn larder usually affords it will not much signify what one wears who have been overset already by be congenial with the generality of nothing more to plague her so vague and equivocal Darcy's vindication Your profusion makes me It is such a spur to one's genius The tumult in Elizabeth's mind was allayed must have been injurious to her own health

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Thirty-seven 1. Elizabeth does a lot of thinking about what has happened and what she has learned. What certainties does she arrive at regarding Bingley's affection for Jane, her family's behavior, and her feelings for Darcy? Chapter Thirty-eight 2.

What is funny about Mr. Collins' farewell to Elizabeth?

Chapter Thirty-nine 3.

Why are the follies of the Bennet family no longer amusing to Elizabeth (and the reader)? 5

Chapter Forty 4.

When Elizabeth finally tells Jane about what happened in Kent, what does she keep secret from her?

5.

What is Jane's reaction to the Wickham and Darcy situation, and how does Elizabeth react to Jane's response?

Chapters 41-42 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. There is one odd spelling: uncontrouled for uncontrolled (223). word drooping apace woe lamentations resounding perpetually anew repining death-warrant squeamish aloof

ch.pg 41.221 41.221 41.221 41.221 41.221 41.221 41.221 41.222 41.222 41.223 41.223

context ladies in the neighborhood were drooping apace ladies in the neighborhood were drooping apace exclaim in the bitterness of woe kind of lamentations resounding perpetually kind of lamentations resounding perpetually kind of lamentations resounding perpetually She felt anew the justice of Mr. Darcy's objections Kitty continued in the parlour repining at her fate as the death-warrant of all possibility Such squeamish youths have been kept aloof by Lydia's folly

41.223 41.223 41.224 41.225 41.225 41.225 41.226 41.227 41.227 41.227 42.228 42.228 42.228 42.230 42.230 42.230 42.230

definition hang down with lifelessness swiftly, at a rapid pace deep sorrow, grief acts of grieving, cries of sorrow uttering loudly continuously again grieving for a loss death-sentence, absolute end oversensitive distant, indifferent state of being flighty, lighthearted, explosive full of unrestrained joy or enthusiasm keep away ready flow of words, fluency emotional disturbance trivial, silly nothing prevent or discourage from acting helpless, inadequate wordy noisy marriage narrow-minded, ill-bred receive, obtain complaining, peevish, fretful beginning cut short shrunk, reduced in size

volatility

41.223

exuberant ward off volubility agitation frivolous ought deter pathetic diffuse clamorous conjugal illiberal derive querulous commencement curtailed contracted impunity (with impunity) chambermaid

42.231

without harm or punishment

enter his county with impunity

42.232

a maid in an inn or a hotel

she asked the chambermaid

be affected by the wild volatility checking her exuberant spirits unable to ward off any portion of in their united volubility agitation was pretty well over frivolous gallantry he deigned to add ought of civility for it must deter him from such foul misconduct her family was rather noisy than pathetic Mrs. Bennet was diffuse in her good wishes in the clamorous happiness of Lydia pleasing picture of conjugal felicity weak understanding and illiberal mind derive benefit from such as are given her usual querulous serenity delayed its commencement and curtailed its extent a more contracted tour

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Forty-one 1. What are Mr. Bennet's reasons for allowing Lydia to go to Brighton? How does Austen (and Elizabeth?) judge Mr. Bennet as a husband and father? 2.

What enjoyment does Elizabeth find in her conversation with Wickham?

Chapter Forty-two 3.

Earlier Elizabeth said that she was sure she never cared to see Darcy again. At the end of this chapter, do you believe her? Why or why not?

6

IB Literature—Pfeiffer Pride and Prejudice (1813): Study Guide for Volume 3 (Chapters 43-61) Chapters 43-44 NEW CHARACTER Mrs. Reynolds Darcy's elderly housekeeper, whom Elizabeth and the Gardiners meet at Pemberley. VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. There is one odd spelling: connexion for connection. word perturbation surveying prospect miniatures affable intelligible started immoveable sedateness whence glen coppice submit strike into construed stroke decamping sustained tackle brink outstripped embargo tete-a-tete whimsical flaming liberal environs livery imparted quarter disquiet monosyllable discerning cordiality ardently resemblance untinctured ridicule patron discharged petulance acrimony bent on

ch.pg 43.235 43.236 43.236 43.237 43.238 43.240 43.241 43.241 43.241 43.242 43.243 43.243 43.243 43.243 43.243 43.244 43.244 43.244 43.244 43.245 43.245 43.246 43.246 43.246 43.247 43.247 43.247 44.248 44.248 44.248 44.248 44.249 44.249 44.249 44.250 44.250 44.250 44.251 44.252 44.252 44.253 44.253 44.253

definition emotional disturbance looking over view small paintings easy to speak to, amiable capable of being understood moved suddenly as from a surprise incapable of being moved composure, manner that is serenely deliberate from where, out of which place valley group of small trees yield, surrender go, proceed analyzed, thought of manner, touch depart suddenly or secretively withstood, endured equipment edge surpassed, exceeded prohibition dialogue, conversation between two people unpredictable, flighty intense, ardent generous surroundings uniform of a servant in a household, carriage made known, disclosed person or group uneasiness, restlessness one syllable noticing with careful attention sincerity, warmth passionately, intensely similar appearance unstained mockery, condemnation economic supporter got rid of ill-temper, contemptuousness bitterness, ill-natured hatred in manner inclined to, interested in

context with some perturbation after slightly surveying it enjoy its prospect amongst several other miniatures just as affable to the poor more intelligible He absolutely started seemed immoveable from surprise none of its usual sedateness whence, in spots where the opening contracted into a glen amidst the rough coppice-wood obliged to submit probably strike into some other part might be mischievously construed a stroke of civility expectation of his decamping he sustained it supply him with fishing tackle descending to the brink of the river They soon outstripped the others there seemed an embargo on before the tete-a-tete was over he may be a little whimsical in his a most flaming character Be he is a liberal master, I suppose interesting spots in its environs immediately recognising the livery imparted no small degree of surprise attentions from such a quarter other causes of disquiet beyond a monosyllable by discerning such different feelings the unaffected cordiality with which how ardently did she long to know trying to trace a resemblance not untinctured by tenderness would draw down the ridicule with the son of his patron which Mr. Darcy afterward discharged forgive all the petulance and acrimony forgive all the petulance and acrimony bent on making her known to his sister

1

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Forty-three 1.

Why do you think that this chapter is considered one of the most important of the novel?

2.

How does Pemberley reflect its owner?

3.

Why is Darcy's invitation to Elizabeth to meet his sister significant?

Chapter Forty-four 4.

How does Elizabeth feel about meeting Miss Darcy?

5.

Do Darcy and his sister have anything in common? Do Elizabeth and Miss Darcy have anything in common?

6.

Was Elizabeth's first impression of Darcy completely wrong?

7.

One of the hardest things a novelist can do is portray convincingly a change in a character. Does Austen succeed with Darcy? If so, how?

Chapters 43-44 NEW CHARACTER Mrs. Annesley Miss Darcy's current governess, with whom she lives in London. VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. There is one odd spelling: secresy for secrecy. word saloon predominate exerted disengaged discomposed meditated ensure shrewish nettled confined renewing turnpikes exigence impetuous superceded commissioned unintelligible commiseration wretched palliation retrospective infamy anguish prey fluctuating wild deranged summons actuated

ch.pg 45.255 45.256 45.257 45.257 45.257 45.257 45.258 45.258 45.259 46.261 46.262 46.262 46.262 46.263 46.263 46.263 46.263 46.263 46.263 46.264 46.265 46.266 46.266 46.266 46.266 46.266 46.266 46.266 46.267

definition large reception room, for entertaining dominate, be of greater power put forth effort uninvolved disturb the calmness of someone planned or intended in the mind make certain of scolding, nagging irritated, vexed restricted restore, re-establish road with a toll urgent situation impulsive, hasty replace, take the place of put into service unable to be understood sympathize with, express pity for miserable easing, act of making less severe looking back on the past evil fame or reputation mental pain, torment victim varying irregularly full of intense emotion disturbed from normal condition request to go/come somewhere put into action

context through the hall into the saloon believed her wishes to predominate exerted herself much more to talk in a tolerably disengaged tone merely intended to discompose Elizabeth Miss Darcy's meditated elopement enough to ensure her favour have a sharp, shrewish look look somewhat nettled though not confined for time anxiously renewing them at all the turnpikes In such an exigence my uncle's advice impetuous manner every idea was superceded by Lydia's situation she commissioned him made her almost unintelligible in a tone of gentleness and commiseration in wretched suspense afforded no palliation of her distress threw a retrospective glance Lydia's infamy must produce found additional anguish from falling an easy prey had been continually fluctuating She was wild to be at home in a family so deranged the cause of their summons all three being actuated by one spirit 2

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Forty-five 1.

How are Elizabeth and Mrs. Gardiner received at Pemberley by the Bingley sisters, Miss Darcy, and Darcy?

2.

What evidence can you find for Darcy's current feelings for Elizabeth?

Chapter Forty-six 3.

What do you think Darcy is thinking on page 265-266? What does Elizabeth think about after he leaves?

Chapters 47-48 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. The words in bold will be on the next vocabulary test. There is one odd spelling: drily for dryly. word decency hackney coach expeditiously insinuating keenest interval paddock capers frisks fugitives sanguine apartment invectives villanous (now, villainous) spasms moderation seclusion incurred stem the tide balm brittle extractions apprehension faculties condole dilatory correspondent striving blacken intrigues alleviate licentiousness

ch.pg 47.268 47.268 47.269 47.270 47.271 47.271 47.271 47.271 47.271 47.272 47.272 47.272 47.272 47.272

definition quality of being proper or moral carriage for hire quickly suggesting sharpest period of time fenced area leaping about playful movement someone who flees from something optimistic room, group of rooms critical language viciously wicked or criminal; obnoxious

context violation of decency into an hackney coach though less expeditiously he is insinuating keenest of all anguish find no interval of ease as they entered the paddock a variety of capers and frisks a variety of capers and frisks heard of the fugitives The sanguine hope of good to whose apartment they all repaired invectives against the villanous conduct invectives against the villanous conduct

47.274 47.274 47.274 47.274 47.274 47.274 47.275 47.275 47.275 47.277 47.278 48.279 48.279 48.279 48.279 48.279 48.281 48.281

such spasms in my sides recommending moderation to her such a seclusion from the family she had herself incurred in the business stem the tide of malice balm of sisterly consolation no less brittle than it is beautiful moral extractions Had they no apprehension of any thing took from me my faculties condole with us negligent and dilatory correspondent negligent and dilatory correspondent seemed striving to blacken the man seemed striving to blacken the man his intrigues can alleviate so severe a misfortune this licentiousness of behaviour

augmented heinous transpired gamester intreaty (also spelled, entreaty)

48.282 48.282 48.282 48.282 48.283

cramps not excessive or extreme activity state of being set apart from others brought upon one's self stop or hold back the force of something something that soothes, heals, or comforts easily breakable extract; passage from a literary work ability to understand power or ability express sympathy or sorrow tending to delay or procrastinate one who communicates through letters trying hard defame, ruin the reputation of someone secret love affairs, schemes make more bearable having no regard for acceptable rules or behaviour, lacking moral restraint increased extremely wicked happened, occurred a frequent gambler plea

augmented satisfaction her own heinous offence it had just transpired that "A gamester!" she cried. his brother-in-law's intreaty that he 3

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Forty-seven 1.

Who do you think is to blame for the Bennet family crisis?

2.

What self-reproach (criticism of herself) does Elizabeth reveal on page 271-272?

Chapter Forty-eight 3.

How would you describe Mr. Collins' letter?

4.

How has this family crisis affected Mr. Bennet?

Chapters 49-51 NEW CHARACTER Haggerston Mr. Gardiner's lawyer or accountant (it's not explained). VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. There is one odd thing: dont for don't. word copse decease per annum explicitly Heaven forbid! requited calico, muslin, and cambric proportionate spiteful guinea

ch.pg 49.285 49.286 49.286 49.287 49.288 49.288 49.290

definition area of small trees or shrubs death per year clearly, precisely exclamation of shock or disgust repaid, returned kinds of fabric

context walking towards the little copse after the decease of yourself one hundred pounds per annum be careful to write explicitly Ten thousand pounds! Heaven forbid! The kindness...can never be requited all the particulars of calico, muslin, and cambric

50.293 50.293 50.294

with proportionate speed through the neighborhood from all the spiteful old ladies in Meryton would not advance a guinea to buy clothes

spurned multitude connubial welfare subjoin culprit austerity untamed unabashed curricle commission

50.295 50.296 50.296 50.296 50.296 51.298 51.298 51.298 51.298 51.299 51.300

cogent

51.303

properly related wishing ill on others, malicious old British gold coin worth a bit over a pound rejected, refused, scorned large group of people having to do with marriage condition, situation add at the end, append one guilty or at fault for a crime severe, stern, grave, somber not tamed, wild not embarrassed a light, opened, 2-wheeled carriage government document indicating military rank convincing

proudly spurned only four months ago teach the admiring multitude what connubial felicity really was promote the welfare of any of his family of whom I shall subjoin a list had she been the culprit His countenance had rather gained in austerity untamed and unabashed, wild, noisy, and fearless untamed and unabashed, wild, noisy, and fearless overtook William Goulding in his curricle received his commission before he left London for very cogent reasons

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Forty-nine 1. What is the great act of generosity Mr. Bennet and Elizabeth believe that Mr. Gardiner has done for the family? Chapter Fifty 2.

What are Elizabeth's thoughts about and feelings toward Darcy now (294-296)?

Chapter Fifty-one 3.

What is so outrageous about Lydia's behavior at Longbourn? 4

4.

In watching the newlyweds, what assessment does Elizabeth give of their relationship (301)?

Chapters 52-53 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. On page 314, there is an old verb form you may not know: shan't, which means shall not. word comprise dreadfully racked motive confide remedy expedite battled against the grain

ch.pg 52.304 52.304 52.304 52.304 52.305 52.305 52.305 52.306 52.306

reserve

52.307

sly presuming overtaken palateable (usually spelled "palatable") compromised simpers smirks forlorn fidgets speculation etiquette tidings partake lustre irremediable

52.308 52.308 52.309 52.311

52.311 53.312 53.312 53.312 53.313 53.314 53.314 53.315 53.315 53.316 53.317

definition consist of, be composed of terribly tormented, strained reason for doing something share a secret, open up to emotionally fix, solve make happen quickly engaged in discussing something against what is desired or what is proper self-restraint, quality of keeping things private cunning having excessive self-confidence catch up with, take by surprise agreeable, acceptable to the mind or senses

context a little writing will not comprise what I have to tell you not so dreadfully racked as your's seems not so dreadfully racked as your's seems The motive professed was his conviction love or confide in him endeavour to remedy an evil to secure and expedite a marriage They battled it together for a long time went sorely against the grain

exposed to suspicion or danger silly smiles self-conscious smiles sad nervous movements risky guessing social rule information, news take part in, share brightness impossible to repair or correct

the business had been compromised accordingly He simpers and smirks and makes love to us all. He simpers and smirks and makes love to us all. One seems so forlorn without them. Mrs. Bennet was quite in the fidgets. without raising all this speculation 'Tis an etiquette I despise. have the earliest tidings of it called to partake their joy added lustre to her eyes from irremediable infamy

I doubt whether his reserve, or anybody's I thought him very sly I have been very presuming she was overtaken by Wickham when sermon-making was not palateable to you

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Fifty-two 1. What is Mrs. Gardiner's opinion of Darcy? 2.

Why does Elizabeth say she is proud of Darcy?

3.

How does Elizabeth behave toward Wickham?

Chapter Fifty-three 4.

How does this chapter parallel an earlier chapter?

5.

What does Elizabeth have to endure? What does she find so painful?

5

Chapters 54-55 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word confederacy indignity rapacity venison partridges

ch.pg 54.322 54.322 54.323 54.323 54.323

definition group of people united by a purpose humiliating or degrading experience greed deer meat wild game birds

context in so close a confederacy There is no indignity so abhorrent her mother's rapacity for whist players The venison was roasted to a turn the partridges were remarkably well done

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Fifty-four 1. What humor is there in this chapter? What anxiety is there in this chapter? Chapter Fifty-five 2.

What does Bingley not tell Jane, and why is Elizabeth grateful?

3.

What is Mr. Bennet's opinion of Jane and Bingley's marriage? Do you agree with him?

4.

What were Bingley's and Jane's main mistakes in the development of their relationship?

Chapters 56-57 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word equipage prevailed ungracious allurements entitled brooking upstart recede ambition

ch.pg 56.332 56.332 56.332 56.335 56.335 56.336 56.337 56.337 56.339

revolving wavering constancy sagacity illustrious personages precipitate diverted rector Missish penetration

57.340 57.341 57.341 57.342 57.342 57.342 57.342 57.343 57.343 57.343 57.344

definition livery, carriage appearance became effective, won out not gracious, not polite temptations, attractive qualities given the right or claim to something putting up with, tolerating self-important withdraw, retreat eager or strong desire to achieve something pondering, reflecting on having no decision, moving back and forth faithfulness, steadfastness in purpose wisdom famous, distinguished people hasty, impulsive amused, entertained clergyman coy, girlish understanding, insight

context the equipage did not answer to that of Bingley instantly prevailed on Miss Bennet with an air more than usually ungracious your arts and allurements may have made him But you are not entitled to know mine in the habit of brooking disappointment The upstart pretensions of a young woman Do not believe...that I will ever recede. Do not imagine...that your ambition will ever In revolving lady Catherine's expressions If he had been wavering before every wish of his constancy I may defy even your sagacity one of the most illustrious personages in this land one of the most illustrious personages in this land by a precipitate closure with this gentleman's Are you not diverted? had I been rector of Longbourn You are not going to Missish, I hope wonder at such a want of penetration

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Fifty-six 1.

How does Elizabeth show her strength of character in the conversation with Lady Catherine de Bourgh?

2.

Besides this chapter, where else does someone warn Elizabeth against a marriage? How are the tones of the scenes different? 6

Chapter Fifty-seven 3. What does Elizabeth think is the nature of the relationship between Lady Catherine and Darcy? 4.

When he is writing about Darcy to Mr. Bennet, in which sentences does Collins reveal his character fully (343)?

5.

Where does Mr. Bennet reveal his outlook on life in one sentence (343-344)?

Chapters 58-59 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word lagged diffused indebted contrariwise irrevocably premises annexed irreproachable reconciled devoid overbearing unabated article epithet

ch.pg 58.345 58.346 58.347 58.347 58.347 58.347 58.347 58.347 58.347 58.348 58.349 58.350 59.353 59.354

disposing incredulity rant storm gaiety

59.355 59.356 59.357 59.357 59.304

definition stayed or fell behind, lingered spread owing gratitude to another person opposite cannot be changed, unalterably something believed or presumed connected cannot be criticized come to accept something unpleasant empty, completely without dominant, proud without end, continuing matter, point abusive word or phrase describing a person getting rid of disbelief talk in a noisy or excited manner be in a passion, rage high spirits, merriment

context They lagged behind diffused over his face indebted for their present good understanding its effect had been exactly contrariwise. absolutely, irrevocably decided against me formed on mistaken premises the greater share of blame annexed to that evening The conduct of neither...will be irreproachable I cannot be so easily reconciled to myself. You thought me then devoid of every proper feeling almost taught me to be selfish and overbearing his attachment to her was unabated When convinced on that article, Miss Bennet had always giving him such an epithet fears and regrets in disposing of her she did conquer her father's incredulity he will rant and storm about his love for you he will rant and storm about his love for you Every thing was too recent for gaiety

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Fifty-eight 1.

Describe the style of the new proposal. Why do you think Austen shows it this way?

2.

What do Elizabeth and Darcy say about their past behavior?

3.

What is ironic about Lady Catherine's interference?

Chapter Fifty-nine 4.

Here's a thought: Who did more for whom: Darcy for Lydia, or Lydia for Darcy? Explain.

5.

How would you describe the reaction the impending marriage receives from Jane, Mr. Bennet, and Mrs. Bennet?

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Chapters 60-61 VOCABULARY: I have defined the words as they are used in the novel. word avowed befall vicinity moralize arrear sportive indignant

ch.pg 60.361 60.361 61.364 61.365 61.366 61.366 61.367

definition declared with confidence or openly happen to area, neighborhood explain or interpret morally debt playful filled with anger over something that seems unjust

context My avowed one, or what I avowed to myself what is to befall her? So near a vicinity to her mother but she could still moralize over every morning paid off every arrear of civility to Elizabeth at her lively, sportive, manner of talking Lady Catherine was extremely indignant

QUESTIONS to check your understanding: Chapter Sixty 1.

What made Darcy fall in love with Elizabeth?

2.

What do you think is the tone and content of Elizabeth's letter to her aunt? of Darcy's letter to his aunt?

3.

What worries Elizabeth (363)? How does Darcy respond?

Chapter Sixty-one 4. How is Elizabeth's belief that Lydia and Wickham's marriage cannot be a good one confirmed in this chapter? 5.

Describe Miss Bingley's, Georgiana Darcy's, and Lady Catherine's reaction, feelings, and attitudes toward Darcy's marriage and his new wife?

6.

What does the end of the novel say about Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner's role?

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