LIBERTY CHRISTIAN ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

January 1, 2012

A Guide to Turabian Writing Style General Guidelines      

Use only white 8 ½ x 11 inch paper. The print font should be 10 or 12 point size using Times New Roman. Always check the instructor’s requirements before submitting your paper. The document should be double-spaced except for endnotes/footnotes and within citations on the SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY page. The margins at the left and right of the page should be one inch. The margins at the bottom of the page should be one inch. The margins at the top of the page will vary depending on the particular page of the manuscript, but as a general rule, one inch is accepted.

Order of the Pages in the Paper     

Title Page Blank Page Body of the Paper Appendix (if required) Endnotes (if required)

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Selected Bibliography

Example Title Page

LIBERTY CHRISTIAN SCHOOL

Title Page    

Center everything on the page. If the title is longer than forty-eight spaces, type it in two or more double-spaced lines. Capitalize all the letters in the title page. Include the following on the title page:  School name  Title of the Work (one third of the way down)  Instructor’s name  Name of the course  Writer’s name  Writer’s address (if required by instructor)  Date

THE LIFE AND TIMES OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO DR. LIPPE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE SENIOR ENGLISH

BY SALLY SMITH SEPTEMBER 25, 2010

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First Page of the Body of the Paper     

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Capitalize each letter in the title and place 1 ½ inches from the top of the page. If the title is longer than forty-eight spaces, type on two or more double-spaced lines. Double-space and begin the text. Double-space the text of the paper. Indent the first line of each paragraph consistently. Center the Arabic numeral at the bottom of the

Sample First Page

THE LIFE AND TIMES OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE Born on April 23, 1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, William Shakespeare grew to become known as the “greatest playwright” to ever have lived.

page with no punctuation.

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Following Pages of the Document 

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Center the Arabic number (2, 3, 4, etc.) on the ½ inch line from the top of the page. Do not use punctuation with page numbers. Double-space between the page number and the first line of the text.

Sample Page Two 2 Shakespeare’s writings demonstrated the depth of his ……

Block Quotations  

Quotations that require more than four lines should be typed as a block quotation. Single space the quotation itself, but leave a blank line before and after the block quotation,

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Indent the block quotation on the left side as far as the indentation for paragraphs. Do not use quotation marks on a block quotation, but do preserve all original punctuation.

Many of the common present day words which can be read daily in books and newspapers or heard on radio and television originated Shakespeare. He is the most successful of the word inventors of his time. From his works come such words as assassination, barefaced, baseless, bumps, countless, courtship, critic, critical, denote, etc.

Sample Block Quotation

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Endnotes and footnotes are indicated by a superscript number after the closing punctuation in a sentence. The numbers are sequential throughout the paper. Sample: William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564.

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The following describes the formatting of endnotes and footnotes. Your paper will NOT use both. Your instructor will inform you which format to use. Endnotes   

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The title ENDNOTES is located two inches from the top of the page. The page number is centered one inch from the bottom of the page. Endnotes are found on a separate sheet of paper after the body text and before the SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY page. Indent the first line of each endnote/footnote using the same indentation used for paragraphs and begin with the number of the endnote/footnote. Single space within each endnote/footnote. If the endnote/footnote runs longer than one line, do not indent the second line. Within the text, the superscripted number should be placed at the end of the sentence it supports—placing the number outside the end punctuation. NUMBERS NEVER REPEAT WITHIN THE PAPER.

Sample Endnote page

ENDNOTES 1

John Q. Adams, Shakespeare and Literature (New York: Nelson Publishers, 1999), 237. 2

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Footnotes      

Single-space after the last line of the text and type an unbroken line twenty spaces long (approximately two inches), beginning at the left hand margin. Double-space after this line. Indent the first line using the same indentation as used for paragraphs. Footnotes are singe-spaced within each entry with a double-space between entries. The footnote number should be a superscript number with no punctuation (not period or parentheses). There should be no space between the superscript number and the first word of the footnote.

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Sample footnote  

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If a footnote runs longer than a line, do not indent the second line. Within the text, the superscript number should be placed at the end of the sentence it supports. Place the number outside the end punctuation. Begin numbering footnotes with number 1 and number consecutively form one page to the next page placing corresponding footnotes at the foot of each page. NUMBERS NEVER REPEAT WITHIN THE PAPER. If the last page of the text is only a partial page, put any footnotes for that page immediately below the text rather than at the bottom of the page.

2 Nothing is known definitely of Shakespeare’s boyhood in the town of Stratford, but it is highly probable that he went to the Stratford Grammar School.1 When Shakespeare was …

______ 1 John Smith, William Shakespeare’s Day (New York: Nelson Publishing, 1995), 47. 2

Ibid., 153.

Ibid.   

Latin term meaning “in the place of.” Ibid. may be used in endnotes/footnotes to shorten a citation to a work whose bibliographical data appears in the immediate previous note. Ibid. is written Ibid, followed by a period, a comma, and then the page the information is found on, followed by a period. Do not use p. or pg. to indicate the page number. Example: 5Ibid., 458.

Bibliography page 

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The bibliography page is an alphabetical list of all the sources used in the writing of the paper. Include only the sources referred to or quoted from in the text. You must have a footnote appearing as a source. Type the words SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 ½ inches from the top of the page. Double-space between each entry, but single-space within each entry. Begin the first line of each entry on the left margin, but indent each run-over line within the entry. If two or more entries by the same author appear, it is not necessary to repeat the author’s name. Type a broken line and then continue the citation. Center the page number one inch from the bottom of the page. If the bibliography continues to the following page, center the page number one inch from the top of the following pages.

Sample Bibliography

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Adams, John. Shakespeare and Literature. New York: Nelson Publishers, 1999. Baker, T. J. and William Thompson. Shakespeare Today. Chicago: Scott, Foresman, & Co, 1983.

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Reminders: o o o o o

Measure your margins carefully. If there is a title on the page, the page number is centered at the bottom of the page. If there is no title, the page number is centered at the top of the page. Titles of books and magazines are italicized; titles of articles are placed within quotation marks. Make sure to give credit to all sources. All sources must be cited in your endnotes/footnotes and bibliography. Within the endnote/footnote, do not use p. or pg. to indicate a page number. Simply write the number.

Book One author N:

1

Wendy Doniger, Splitting the Difference (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999), 65.

B: Doniger, Wendy. Splitting the Difference. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.

Two authors N:

6

Guy Cowlishaw and Robin Dunbar, Primate Conservation Biology (Chicago: University of

Chicago Press, 2000), 104–7. B: Cowlishaw, Guy, and Robin Dunbar. Primate Conservation Biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

Four or more authors N:

13

Edward O. Laumann et al., The Social Organization of Sports: Practices in the United

States

(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 262. B: Laumann, Edward O., John H. Gagnon, Robert T. Michael, and Stuart Michaels. The Social Organization of Sports: Practices in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.

No author N:

7Shakespeare:

A Hero (Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1903), 202.

B: Shakespeare: A Hero. Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1903.

Book published electronically N:

2

Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’ Constitution (Chicago: University of

Chicago Press, 1987), http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/ (accessed June 27, 2006).

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B: Kurland, Philip B., and Ralph Lerner, eds. The Founders’ Constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/ (accessed June 27, 2006).

Journal article Article in print journal N:

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John Maynard Smith, “The Origin of Altruism,” Nature 393 (1998): 639.

B: Smith, John Maynard. “The Origin of Altruism.” Nature 393 (1998): 639–40.

Article in an online journal N:

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Mark A. Hlatky et al., "Quality-of-Life: A Study (HERS) Trial," Journal of the American

Medical Association 287, no. 5 (2002), http://jama.amaassn.org/issues/v287n5/rfull/joc10108.html#aainfo (accessed January 7, 2004). B: Hlatky, Mark A., Derek Boothroyd, Eric Vittinghoff, Penny Sharp, and Mary A. Whooley. "Quality-of-Life: A Study

(HERS) Trial." Journal of the American Medical Association 287,

no. 5 (February 6, 2002), http://jama.amaassn.org/issues/v287n5/rfull/joc10108.html#aainfo (accessed January 7, 2004).

Popular magazine article N:

29

Steve Martin, “Sports-Interview Shocker,” New Yorker, May 6, 2002, 84.

B: Martin, Steve. “Sports-Interview Shocker.” New Yorker, May 6, 2002. N:

3Martha

Stewart, “Cooking It Up Right,” Better Homes and Garden, May 30, 1999, 24.

B: Stewart, Martha. “Cooking It Up Right.” Better Homes and Garden, May 30, 1999, 22-27.

Newspaper article N:

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William S. Niederkorn, “A Scholar Recants on His ‘Shakespeare’ Discovery,” New York

Times, June 20, 2002, Arts section, Midwest edition. B: Niederkorn, William S. “A Scholar Recants on His ‘Shakespeare’ Discovery.” New York Times, June 20, 2002, Arts section, Midwest edition.

Web site

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N:

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Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees, “Evanston Public Library Strategic Plan, 2000–

2010: A Decade of Outreach,” Evanston Public Library, http://www.epl.org/library/strategicplan-00.html (accessed June 1, 2005). B: Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees. “Evanston Public Library Strategic Plan, 2000–2010: A Decade of Outreach.” Evanston Public Library. http://www.epl.org/library/strategicplan-00.html (accessed June 1, 2005).

Online database N:

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Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, ed. John Bostock and H. T. Riley, in the Perseus Digital

Library, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Plin.+Nat.+1.dedication (accessed November 17, 2005). B: Perseus Digital Library. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ (accessed November 17, 2005)

Encyclopedias N:

18World

Book Encyclopedia, 2008 ed., s.v. “Shakespeare,” by Joe Williams.

B: World Book Encyclopedia, 2008 ed. S.v. “Shakespeare,” by Joe Williams. N:

12World

Book Encyclopedia, 2009 ed., s.v. “Chaucer.”

B: World Book Encyclopedia, 2009 ed. S.v. “Chaucer.”

Online Encyclopedias N:

22 Encyclopedia

Britannica Online, s.v. “Siblelius, Jean,”

http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article?tocld=9378608 (accessed June 1, 2005). B: Encyclopedia Britannica Online. S.v. “Siblelius, Jean.” http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article?tocld=9378608 (accessed June 1, 2005).

The Bible N:

41

Cor. 13:1-13. Or

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Cor. 13:1-13 (NIV).

B: The Bible

Or

The Bible (New International Version).

For further help go to:

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www.press.uchicago.edu/books/turabian

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OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab

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