5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies June 2016 Mauricio Kobayashi Keysight Technologies Topics – 5G vision and requirements – Candidate Technologie...
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5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies June 2016

Mauricio Kobayashi Keysight Technologies

Topics – 5G vision and requirements – Candidate Technologies • Sub-6 GHz: - Evolution of current cellular technology - New 5G air interface • Revolution of new radio access technology - Centimetre and millimetre wave radio access - Massive MIMO – 5G timeline – Keysight in 5G

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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5G Drivers and Vision Massive Growth in Mobile Data Demand Massive Growth in No. of Connected Devices Exploding Diversity of Wireless Applications

100x Data Rates

For the User* Amazingly fast Great service in a crowd Best experience follows you

100x Densification

Super real-time and reliable communications

1ms Latency

Ubiquitous things communicating Dramatic Change in User Expectations of Network

1000x Capacity

*Courtesy of METIS

All founded on a solid business model © 2016 Keysight Technologies

Reliability 99.999% 100x Energy Efficiency

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Proposed 5G Use Cases

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

• High density of devices (2x105 106/km2) • Long range • Low data rate (1 100 kbps) • M2M ultra low cost • 10 years battery • Asynchronous access

UR/LL

Ultra reliability and low latency (UR/LL)

• 10-20 Gbps peak • 100 Mbps whenever needed • 10000x more traffic • Macro and small cells • Support for high mobility (500 km/h) • Network energy saving by 100 times

mMTC

Massive Machine Communication (mMTC)

Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

eMBB

• Ultra responsive • > Number of UE’s New waveforms and new radio access technology Centralized & Nomadic RAN (RAT) In-band full duplex Software based network architecture: SDN and NFV

Evolution of existing technology (Sub-6 GHz)



Evolution of current cellular technologies – LTE-A/LTE-A Pro •

• • • •

Example: license assisted access (LAA); enhancement to machine type communication (MTC) or NB-IoT

New waveforms and new radio access technology (RAT) New frequency bands below 6 GHz Ultra-dense networks – small cells and WLAN access points Evolution of RAN architecture (Advanced C-RAN)

With tight interworking between exiting technologies and the new technologies

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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5G Exploration Bands©

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Spectrum in Sub-6 GHz New and flexible spectrum usage – Sub-6 GHz will use existing licensed and unlicensed spectrum – New global sub-6 GHz bands for mobile broadband identified at WRC-15* http://www.itu.int/pub/R-ACT-WRC.11-2015/en • WRC-15 initiated studies on frequency bands for advanced 5G technologies in multiple bands between 24-86 GHz and will report back to WRC-19 (nothing is guaranteed for WRC-19 for IMT-2020) – Phase 1 of 5G deployment, in 2020, most likely be in sub-6 GHz 10 GHz

1 GHz

100 GHz

30 GHz

Frequency

1 cm

Far IR

THz

Wavelength

10 cm

10 THz

100 THz

1PHz

300 GHz

mmWave

Sub-6 GHz Microwave

1 THz

1 mm

100 mm

Infrared Light 10 mm

UV 1 mm

Evolution of LTE-A New radio access technology (RAT) and new 5G RAT *World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 (2-27 November 2015, Geneva)

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Evolution of Existing Technology LTE-Advanced/LTE-Advanced Pro LTE-U / LTE-LAA

• 5 GHz ISM Band

Data + Control Licensed Anchor Data only Unlicensed (5 GHz) • •

Carrier Aggregation

LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U): based on 3GPP Rel 10-12 and LTE-U Forum spec LTE-License Assisted Access (LAA) part of 3GPP Rel-13

Licensed spectrum remains top priority for operators LTE over unlicensed gives operators another option to offload traffic to unlicensed spectrum using LTE-U/LTE-LAA • Up to 32 CCs including LAA operation Carrier Aggregation • TDD-FDD joint operation

Dual Connectivity

• Simultaneous connection to macro & small cell

Full-Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO)

• Simultaneously supports elevation and azimuth BF • High order MIMO with up to 64 antenna ports at eNB

Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT)

• New narrowband radio technology to address the requirements of the Internet of Things (IoT) (Rel. 13)

Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication

• Support for V2V services based on LTE sidelink (Rel. 14)

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Candidate Waveforms Multicarrier waveforms and filter operation Some contenders: – Cyclic Prefix based OFDM (CP-OFDM) – used in LTE • Filter per full-band, uses cyclic prefix to separate symbols • Not efficient for small packets

– Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) • Filter per subcarrier, reduced side lobes, no cyclic prefix • Offset-QAM (OQAM) used to achieve orthogonality

– Universal Filtered Multicarrier (UFMC) • • • •

Also known as universal filtered OFDM (UF-OFDM) Filter per sub-band, reduced side lobes, no cyclic prefix Claim to be efficient for both large and small packets QAM may be used for modulation

OFDM vs. FBMC using different filter overlap factor

FBMC fragmented spectrum

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

UFMC multiplex of sub-bands 5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Case Study: FBMC Co-Existence with LTE Test Configuration using Systemvue, AWG and PXA

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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FBMC Co-Existence with LTE created in Systemvue

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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FBMC Co-Existence with LTE Case Study EVM = 0.6%

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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FBMC Co-Existence with LTE Case Study (continued)

EVM= 20.1%

LTE EVM vs. FBMC Spectrum Notch Width EVM= 2.1%

EVM= 1.25 %

LTE EVM, %

EVM= 0.6%

FBMC Notch Width (# Subcarriers)

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Topics – 5G vision and requirements – Candidate Technologies • Sub-6 GHz: - Evolution of current cellular technology - New 5G air interface • Revolution of new radio access technology - Centimetre and millimetre wave radio access - Massive MIMO – 5G timeline – Keysight in 5G

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Page 13

Millimeter Wave Frequencies (mmWave) 10 GHz

1 GHz

100 GHz

30 GHz

Frequency Wavelength

10 cm

10 THz

1PHz

100 THz

300 GHz

mmWave

Microwave

1 THz

1 cm

Far IR

THz

1 mm

100 mm

Infrared Light

10 mm

UV

1 mm

Potential 5G mmWave Bands

• 28-50 GHz multiple bands under consideration for 5G Radio Access

60 GHz

• 60 GHz(1) (Oxygen Absorption Band) Unlicensed, 802.11ad, Backhaul • 70/80 GHz E-Band, Lightly Licensed. Primarily Backhaul, Fronthaul, Possible radio access band Note 1: 15dB/kM = 1.5dB/100m. Atmospheric absorption is not the main issue for mmWave Radio Access!

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Page 14

Increasing Frequencies: Challenge and Opportunity Free-space Path Loss

Distance

Frequency

– In words. For a given distance, as the frequency increases, the received power will drop unless offset by an increase in some combination of transmit power, transmit antenna gain, and receive antenna gain. – The decrease in power as a function of frequency is caused by the decrease in the antenna aperture. The Good News: • Higher frequency antennas elements are smaller • Easier to assemble into electronically steered arrays • Reduced interference. Energy goes where it’s needed • Improve performance in dense crowds (5G goal) • Higher frequencies wider bandwidths: faster (5G goal) Challenges: • Increased complexity with more elements • Multiple antenna arrays required for spherical coverage • Discovery and Tracking (mobile devices)

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

IBM 94 GHz Array Can Tile for Larger Arrays IBM Press Release, June 2013

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Antenna Technology

LTE MIMO

Horizontal antenna array

Massive MIMO

Key technology 2-D antenna array

Beam Forming and spatial multiplexing

© Keysight Technologies 2015 © 2016 Keysight Technologies

Page 16

Beamforming optimized with Systemvue

> the number of users to improve the SINR – Motivation: Higher Reliability, Higher Throughput, Lower TX Power

User Data Stream 1 User Data Stream 2 User Data Stream 3 User Data Stream K

Precoding

CSI 1

User #1

2 3

User #2

N

User #3

User #K

N-antenna BS

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Increasing mmWave Capacity with Massive MIMO

The four beam patterns below are simultaneously transmitted to separate UE from a 50 element linear array of omnidirectional elements at ½ λ spacing UE2 Target UE (solid)

Victim UEs (hollow)

50 omni elements Linear Array ½ λ Spacing

UE3 UE4 For an in-depth discussion of Massive MIMO see: Massive MIMO and mmWave Technology Insights and Challenges Presented by: Bob Cutler, Keysight Technologies © 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Topics – 5G vision and requirements – Candidate Technologies • Sub-6 GHz: - Evolution of current cellular technology - New 5G air interface • Revolution of new radio access technology - Centimetre and millimetre wave radio access - Massive MIMO – 5G timeline – Keysight in 5G

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Page 25

5G Timing: Drivers Industry rallying around these cardinal dates 2015 Milestones Sept: 3GPP 5G Workshop Nov: ITU WRC 15 Dec: 3GPP RAN Plenary

2020 Milestone July/Aug: Summer Olympics Japan Summer (Likely): 1st 5G Commercial

2018 Milestones Feb: Winter Olympics South Korea June/July: FIFA World Cup, Russia

2015

2016

2017

2019 Milestone Nov (Likely): ITU-WRC 19

2018

2019

2022 Milestone Summer (Earliest): 2nd 5G Commercial

2020

2021

2022

– Mid/Late 2020: commercialization focused below 6 GHz (standard must be complete before end 2018). 2022 or later for mmWave commercialization (technology, spectrum)

– 2018 and 2020 Olympics will showcase 5G – 3GPP Workshops & Plenary in Sept and Dec 2015 is official start to 5G standards work

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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3GPP Timeline 2014

2015

Research

2016

2017

2018

2019

Standards development

Products

WRC-15 Pre-standard research (vision, technology, spectrum)

2020

2021

2022

Commercial deployment

WRC-19 Technical reqs and evaluation methodology

Rel. 14

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

Proposal submission

Rel. 15

Rel. 16

Evaluation and specification

Rel. 17 & beyond

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Topics – 5G vision and requirements – Candidate Technologies • Sub-6 GHz: - Evolution of current cellular technology - New 5G air interface • Revolution of new radio access technology - Centimetre and millimetre wave radio access - Massive MIMO - In-band full duplex – 5G timeline – Keysight in 5G

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Page 28

5G Early Research New Technologies -> New Challenges -> New Measurements 100x Data Rates 1000x Capacity

Requires Enabling Technologies – Some research topics are: • RF & µW (< 6GHz): - New PHY/MAC; up to 200 MHz BW

Drives Measurement Demands

1. Quantify new modulation & multiple-access schemes

• uW & mmWave (> 6 GHz): 100x Densification

1ms Latency

Reliability 99.999% 100x Energy Efficiency

- New PHY/MAC - 500 MHz to 2 GHz BW (depending on frequency)

2. Measure wide bandwidths, high frequencies, fast bit rates

• Channel models at mmWave: - Very little experience with radio-access technologies in the mmWave bands

• New waveform types and radio access technologies • Multi-antenna technologies such as Massive MIMO

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

3. Measurement & calibration of smart antennas 4. Modeling & validation of new networks

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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5G System Performance Verification

{m } • Measurement IP t • BER/FER, EVM

• • • •

• • • • •

Waveform modulation

Constellations & MSE

BER

{mr}

Source encode Encrypt Channel encode Multiplex

Demultiplex Channel decode Decrypt Source decode

Advanced reference receiver Advanced algorithms Synchronization Channel estimation, equalization Interference cancellation

Quantization error Jitter Sampling Non-linearity Power consumption Impairments

• • • • •

Transmitter modeling

Multiple RF impairments PA non-linearity Phase shifter quantization Calibration Minimum number of RF chains

ANT

• • • •

Characterize waveform

• • • •

• mmWave channel model • Large scale antenna support

Spectrum

SNR

Channel

Demodulation and detecting

Optimize algorithms

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

Receiver modeling

CFO & Mismatch

channel model

ANT

• New 5G candidate waveforms • Multi-antenna signal processing (MIMO/BF)

• • • • •

Mutual coupling Antenna element failure Element position perturbation Calibration error Visualization

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Keysight Research Partnership & Collaboration Work with three parts of the industry: Top Examples

Commercial

Consortia

College

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

•Silicon: Qualcomm, Intel •NEM: Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia/ALU, Cisco •Operator: Docomo, KT, CMCC, AT&T, Vodafone •MEM: Samsung •EU/EC (FP7 & H2020) •China Future Forum •Korea 5G Forum •Japan 5GMF •University/Industry (NYU, 5GIC, etc.) •Top Comm’s Focused in US, Europe, Asia, Japan •Government: ETRI, ITRI, Fraunhofer, NIST, etc.

• Central Research Teams • Only High-risk precompetitive research • More companies will engage over time • “H2020” and “Universitybased”: Research funding & projects • “Government Based” ad hoc: Networking & Outbound • Universities plus government-sponsored research • Varying technologies and maturity

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Keysight Research Partnership & Collaboration C C Korea Telecom R

Multiple 5GPPP ETP Multiple

R 5G MFJapan Multiple

R 5G Forum Korea

U NYU Wireless mmWave

U UC San Diego Multiple

Docomo mmWave Channel

Multiple

P

MET5G 5G Metrology

R FutureForum China Multiple

P

mmMAGIC mmWave Air Interface

C China Mobile MIMO & TestBed

U Kwangwoon Univ Multiple

Recent Collaboration Announcements in Media – Keysight Technologies Collaborates with University of Bristol on 5G Wireless Technology Research

Key

http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2015/08sep-em15125.shtml

– Keysight Technologies Collaborates with NTT DOCOMO on 5G Wireless Communication Systems: http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2015/22jul-em15104.shtml

– Keysight Technologies, KT Corporation Sign Memorandum of Understanding to Collaborate on 5G Technology Development http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2015/24jun-em15094.shtml

– Keysight Technologies Participates in Joint Demonstration on Next-Generation 5G Wireless Communication Systems with China Mobile at Mobile World Congress, Feb 27, 2015 http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2015/27feb-em15047.shtml – Keysight Technologies Joins NYU WIRELESS to Advance 5G Mobile Technology, Dec 8, 2014 http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2014/08dec-em14178.shtml

– Keysight Technologies and Kwangwoon University Radio Research Center Co-host 5G and mmWave Workshop, Dec 4, 2014 http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2014/04dec-em14174.shtml

C Commercial Collaboration U University Collaboration P Consortium Research Project R Regional/Country Consortium U NTU Taipei Multiple

– Keysight Technologies Supports B4G/5G Technology Development at National Taiwan University’s High-Speed Radio Frequency and mmWave Center, Oct 21, 2014 http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2014/24oct-em14155.shtml – Keysight Technologies Joins 5G Forum in South Korea, Aug 11, 2014 http://about.keysight.com/en/newsroom/pr/2014/11aug-em14115.shtml

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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Keysight Research Partnership & Collaboration Collaboration example with CMCC •

Keysight is collaborating with CMCC on 5G research – technology called “Smart Tile”



Antenna array can be built into the signage of a building rather than part of a cell-tower; with arrays of up to 128 channels



Keysight is currently providing test solutions for ALL phases of CMCC’s development cycle – from simulation to characterization and test of the Smart Tile arrays Smart Tile

10x16cm (current size)

Prototype test-bed

Smart Tile LSAS

128 antennas

EDA design simulation

BBU pool + LSAS + multiple UEs Multi-channel Beam-forming Measurements

RF Measurements

CPRI Interface Card 89600 VSA

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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UC San Diego 60 GHz Link Measurements with Keysight Equipment

DARPA DAHI Wafer-Scale Program

Link distance: 30, 100 meters

100 meters EVM (20%) 1.5 Gbps +/-45o scan

30 meters EVM (9.5%) 2-4 Gbps +/-45o scan

~100 meters

© 2015 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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33

NYU Communication Systems Modeling with Systemvue HybridBeamforming_WideBand.wsv Channel Estimation Solution in OFDMbased Hybrid Beamforming System

5th Generation Communications Systems Modeling using SystemVue

Scenario: * OFDM-based Hybrid Beamforming System * Realistic wideband HBF Channel Estimation Solution * Various channel H in different subcarriers * Two step channel estimation approach

Fc : 28.5GHz Optimal Tx/Rx beams estimation

Configuration: * UPA/ULA Antenna Array * OmniDirectional / 3Sectors / Custom Antenna Pattern * Modified 3GPP 3D Channel Model (Max 256 Antennas) and NYU Channel Model

MIMOPrecoding FlexOFDM_Sig DataInfo2

p2Out

FlexOFDM MIMO

TxWeights

FlexOFDM_Const

Source RF

RxWeights

RF

DataInfo1 FlexOFDM_RF

DataIn

H

DataOut

ArrayCouple

MultiCh Noise Density

MIMO_3DChannel_RF SigOut

ChannelNum=16 [Nt]

ArrayCouple

ChannelNum=4 [Nr] ChannelModelType=NYU_Model NDensity=-92.627 dBm [NDensity_dBm] ScenarioType=UserDefined CarrierFrequency=28.5e+9 Hz ChannelLinkDirection=Downlink NumberofTx=16 [Nt] TxAntennaPatternType=OmniDirectional NumberofRx=4 [Nr] RxAntennaPatternType=OmniDirectional

RF_Tx Ntrf=1 [Ntrf] NumOfTxAntx=1 [NumOfTxAntx] NumOfTxAnty=4 [NumOfTxAnty] NumOfTxAntz=4 [NumOfTxAntz] TxAntennaArrayMask=(16x1) [1; 1; 1; 1… TxPhaseShifterDistortion=(16x1) [1; 1… TxAntArrayWindowType=None

11010

RF

SigIn

TX

OFDM_Source DFTSize=64 [Num_Subcarriers]

SyncEn

TX/RX BEAM GENERATORS

WIDEBAND BF CONTROL

DataIn

DataOut

FlexOFDM_RF

BitsOut

NumOfRxAntx=1 [NumOfRxAntx] NumOfRxAnty=4 [NumOfRxAnty] NumOfRxAntz=1 [NumOfRxAntz] Nrrf=1 [Nrrf] RxAntennaArrayMask=(4x1) [1; 1; 1; 1] RxPhaseShifterDistortion=(4x1) [1; 1] RxAntArrayWindowType=None

PLOT CONTROL

MIMOPrecodingMatrix

OFDM_Rx DFTSize=64 [Num_Subcarriers]

THROUGHPUT CONTROL

MultiCh_Delay

Frf

TEST

Wrf

HBF_TxBeamGenerator

Fre Si g HBF_ Co n tro l l e r_ WB

REF

PlotControl

Wrf Frf

HBF_TxBeamGenerator

Rx Be a m En a b le

Sy n c Id x _ d elay Rx We i g h ts HBF_ Rx Be a m Ge n e rator

Wrf_ Da ta

HBF_RxBeamGenerator

SyncIndex

Fl e x OFDM _ M IM O_ Re c e i v e r_ RF

RX

NumOfTxAntx=1 [NumOfTxAntx] NumOfTxAnty=4 [NumOfTxAnty] NumOfTxAntz=4 [NumOfTxAntz] NumOfTxRFChains=1 [Ntrf] NumOfRxAntx=1 [NumOfRxAntx] NumOfRxAnty=4 [NumOfRxAnty] NumOfRxAntz=1 [NumOfRxAntz] NumOfRxRFChains=1 [Nrrf]

NumOfChannels=1 [Ntrf] N=16 [Nt]

TIMING CONTROL

PRECODER FEEDBACK

MultiCh_Delay

Sy n c En

Rx Be a m En a ble

TimingControl

NumOfChannels=1 [Nrrf] N=4 [Nr]

Sy n c Idx

Sy n c Id x _ d elay

OutputTiming=BeforeInput

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies © 2015 Keysight Technologies

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35

Measurement Science and Tools For 5G research and insight RF/µW/mmWave wideband signal generation & analysis

Design simulation & verification  EEsof EDA is the leading Electronic Design Automation (EDA) and simulation software for communications product designs

 High performance instrumentation and software to generate and analyze the signals

Signal generation & analysis

Design simulation & verification

mmWave component characterization

mmWave component characterization

 World's most integrated and flexible test engine to perform complete linear and non-linear component characterization

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

High speed digital and optical

High speed digital and optical  Widest and fastest measurements in the industry 5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Page 36

Keysight Test Solutions for 5G Research Benchtop and modular signal generation and analysis Wideband RF/µW/mmWave Reference Solution

Channel Sounding Reference Solution

Sub-6 GHz MIMO Phase Coherent Signal Generation & Analysis

Signal Generation & Analysis

Massive MIMO Transmitter & Receiver M8195A 65 GSa/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator with M8197 Synchronization module

M9703A AXIe 12-bit HighSpeed Digitizer/Wideband Digital Receiver

SystemVue Simulation Software with 5G Library

Signal Studio Software with Custom 5G

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

89600 VSA Software with Custom OFDM/Demod

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

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SystemVue 5G Baseband Exploration Library Industry’s first 5G baseband exploration library W1906BEL 5G baseband exploration library - A flexible platform for innovation

• Physical layer modeling of 5G PHY candidate and MIMO • C++ source code enables early research, with a versatile simulation platform • Keysight is committed to evolve toward the world’s first 5G standard compliant library

Modeling New Physical Layer

Multi-Antenna Techniques

Platform Enables “V” Lifecycle

Tackling Multi-Domain Issues

– Provides 5G candidate TX/RX waveforms • Multi-carrier modem Tx/Rx processing chain • FBMC,OFDM, etc… – Usable with 4G standard library

– Advanced / adaptive signal processing • MIMO • Digital beamforming – Combined 2D/3D MIMO channel simulation(W1715)

– Realistic RF environments – Polymorphic Baseband modeling • Custom C++ model builder • MATLAB® • HW implementation

– Integrates with additional technology domains • SystemVue • ADS/EMPro • Keysight Instruments

© 2016 Keysight Technologies

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Page 38

Questions?

5G: Vision and Enabling Technologies

Thank you!

Page 39

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