4th Annual Scientific Congress “Eye care challenges and opportunities in developing countries”

24th – 26th August 2016 Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge Arusha, Tanzania

Hosted by the Tanzania Ophthalmology Society

We are grateful to all the Sponsors of

COECSA Congress 2016

[DAEH group]

TABLE OF CONTENTS COECSA Congress 2016 Committees .................................................................................................................................... 2 A Word from the Chairman................................................................................................................................................... 3 PROGRAMME AT A GLANCE ................................................................................................................................................. 5 DETAILED PROGRAMME ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 CPD Afternoon, Wednesday, 24th August 2016 ................................................................................................................ 6 Thursday Morning, 25th August 2016 ............................................................................................................................... 8 Thursday Afternoon, 25th August 2016 ........................................................................................................................... 10 Friday Morning, 26th August 2016 .................................................................................................................................. 11 Friday Afternoon, 26th August 2016 ................................................................................................................................ 14 Speakers of Invited Presentations & Committee Chairs ..................................................................................................... 16 Abstracts ............................................................................................................................................................................. 22

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COECSA Congress 2016 Committees Chair: Dr Frank Sandi PROTOCOL AND COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE Chair: Dr. Nkundwe Mwakyusa Members: Dr. Cyprian Ntomoka, Dr. Bernadetha Shilio, Dr. Neema D Kanyaro, Dr. Ng’hungu Lufunga, Dr. Ole Motika and Dr. Judith Mwende

SOCIAL AND LOGISTICS COMMITTEE Chair: Dr. Mustafa Yusufali Members: Dr. Neema D Kanyaro, Dr. Christopher Mwanansao, Dr. Baruani Sufian, Dr. Anna Sanyiwa and Dr. Mattaka Christine

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Chair: Dr. Heiko Philippin Members: Dr. William Makupa, Dr. Kazim Dhalla, Dr. Milka Mafwiri, Dr. Elisante Muna, Dr. Bernadetha Shilio, Dr. Hassan G Hassan, Prof. Nicholaus Kinabo and Dr. Furahini Godfrey

FINANCE COMMITTEE Chair: Dr. Ng’hungu Lufunga Members: Josiah O Onyango, Hulda Nduru, Neema D Kanyaro, Dr. Dilawar Padhani and Emeritus Chibuga

Event planning: Shades of Green

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A Word from the Chairman Dear Friends and Colleagues, It is my pleasure to welcome you to this year’s COECSA Scientific Congress. It is an honour to chair the 4th Annual COECSA Scientific Congress on “Eye Care Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Countries” at Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania. I am humbled to be tasked by the Tanzania Ophthalmology Society (TOS) and COECSA to oversee the premium ophthalmology event in the ECSA region. This year’s Congress is unique in many ways. The number of delegates continues to increase each year: more than 400 delegates are expected this year. We begin the Congress with a sub-specialty afternoon comprised of eight sessions covering different subspecialties, including a special course on neuro-ophthalmology, a discipline that still lags in our region. The subspecialty afternoon includes a phacoemulsification introductory course and a wet lab session targeted at residents and all those who would like to sharpen their phaco skills. For the first time the Congress includes two sessions targeted at allied health professionals. Three keynote speeches from eminent local and international speakers will elaborate on the Congress theme. I took it upon myself to handle all the responsibilities of chairing this Congress. I was involved in all the preparatory details of this important event – never only partially involved, I committed myself fully to ensuring this would be a successful and enjoyable Congress for everyone. For almost 12 months, the organising committee has been planning and preparing for this event: booking speakers, judging abstracts and finalising the scientific, recreational and social programme for this wonderful event. This Congress could not have happened without the dedication of so many people. I cannot begin to describe the hard work and effort that the TOS, COECSA and PCO committees have exerted in the preparation, promotion and organisation of this Congress; they have proven their skills in managing this most successful and important meeting. I especially want to thank the TOS members for their tireless support, the COECSA Secretariat for their guidance, the PCO for their organisation skills, KCMC Hospital for offering a space for live surgery and provision of venue for congress planning meetings, MNH/MUHAS for offering venue for planning meeting and our generous sponsors for their support of this event. My heartfelt thanks go to all of the keynote speakers, invited guests and presenters for their valuable and unique contributions. I would like to thank the session chairs and co-chairs for providing each session with context, structure and character. Finally, I’d like to thank all of the delegates and everyone who was interested but could not attend; your involvement makes the COECSA Congress the success it is today and into the future. Please enjoy your time in Arusha. Sincerely,

Frank Sandi, 4th COECSA Congress Chairman

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COECSA Congress 2016

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PROGRAMME AT A GLANCE Wednesday, 24th August - CPD and Sub-Specialty Afternoon Time 1300 1500 1530

Main Hall CPD Glaucoma CPD Cataract Surgery

1730 1830

Room 1 Room 2 CPD Eye Movement CPD Paediatric Disorders I Ophthalmology Afternoon Tea CPD Eye Movement CPD Cornea Disorders II Break

Room 3 CPD Management of Retinal Diseases CPD Vitreoretinal Surgery

KCMC / Exhibition CPD Phaco Introductory Course

Welcome Cocktail Reception & Opening of the Exhibition

Thursday, 25th August - Scientific Day I Time 0800

Main Hall

Room 1

Room 2

Glaucoma

Training & Education

Alcon Symposium Room

0930

Official Opening

1030 1100

Keynote Speech I

Morning tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

1130

Cornea

1300 1400 1530 1630 1700

Training the Trainers

Young Ophthalmologists’ Forum

Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations Cataract

Allied Health Professionals Nursing in Eye Care

Training the Trainers

Ophthalmology Gladiators Afternoon tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations COECSA AGM

1830 1930

Break Gala Dinner and Awards Ceremony

Friday, 26th August - Scientific Day II Time

Main Hall

Room 1

0800

Innovations in Eye Care Retina

1030 1100 1130

Room 2

The Eye and Systemic Disorders

Maintenance of Equipment Course

Morning tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations Keynote Speech II

Community Ophthalmology & Management of Eye Care

1300 1400 1430

Ophthalmic Oncology & Oculoplasty

Allied Health Professionals AMOO

Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations Keynote Speech III

Paediatric Ophthalmology 1630

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Cataract

Open Subspecialists Meetings

Afternoon tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

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DETAILED PROGRAMME CPD Afternoon, Wednesday, 24th August 2016 Main Hall

CPD - GLAUCOMA 1300 1320 1340 1410 1430 1500

Chairs: Dan Kiage, Michael Gichangi Creating awareness for glaucoma Detecting glaucoma and further diagnostics Target IOP and rational use of glaucoma medication Aftercare of trabeculectomy – key to a successful outcome Questions & answers Afternoon Tea

Admassu Fisseha Hassan G Hassan Sheila Marco Neema Kanyaro AF, HGH, SM, NK

CPD - Cataract Surgery 1530 1600 1630 1700 1730 1830

Chairs: Dilawar Padhani, Honest Maro Pearls for Small Incision Cataract Surgery IOL and nucleus drop management Phacoemulsification in white and black cataract Questions & answers Break Welcome cocktail reception & opening of the exhibition

William Dean Manoj Khatri M Nivean WD, MK, MN

Room 1

CPD - Eye Movement Disorders I 1300 1330 1400 1430 1500

Chairs: Chileshe Mboni, Gerald Msukwa The control of eye movements Examination of eye movements Double vision Questions & Answers Afternoon Tea

Mike Burdon Mike Burdon Mike Burdon MB

CPD - Eye Movement Disorders II 1530 1600 1630 1700 1730 1830

Chair: Paul Nyaluke Cranial nerve palsies Supranuclear disorders Nystagmus Questions & answers

Mike Burdon Mike Burdon Mike Burdon MB

Break Welcome cocktail reception & opening of the exhibition

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CPD Afternoon, Wednesday, 24th August 2016 Room 2

CPD - Paediatric Ophthalmology 1300 1330 1400 1430 1500

Chairs: Ibrahim Matende, Grace Ssali Retinoblastoma: what are our challenges? Can we do better? How and when to examine a child? Congenital cataract – surgical tips and postoperative care Questions & answers Afternoon Tea

Anna Sanyiwa John Onyango? Ibrahim Matende AS, JO, IM

CPD - Cornea 1530 1600 1630 1700 1730 1830

Chair: Elisante Muna Herpetic eye disease Keratitis Corneal transplantations – what’s next? Questions & answers Break Welcome cocktail reception & opening of the exhibition

Geoffrey Tabin Simon Arunga Elisante Muna GT, SA, EM

Room 3

CPD - Management of Retinal Diseases 1300 1310 1335 1400 1425 1450 1510

Chairs: Githeko Kibata, William Makupa Introduction Interface diseases Posterior complications of anterior segment surgery Endophthalmitis after intraocular procedures Practical management of diabetic macular edema Questions & answers Afternoon Tea

Chair, presenters Louis Kruger Bernard Wolff Silvia Bopp Louis Kruger LK, BW, SB

CPD - Vitreoretinal Surgery 1530 1555 1620 1645 1745 1830

Chairs: Githeko Kibata, Emeritus Chibuga Vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy Basics of retinal detachment surgery Combined phaco-vitrectomy: why and how? Questions & answers Break Welcome cocktail reception & opening of the exhibition

Silvia Bopp Bernard Wolff Silvia Bopp BW, SB

KCMC / Exhibition area

CPD - Phaco Introductory Course: Live Surgery & Wet Lab 1300 1700 1830

Chair: Japhet Bright Departure for Live Surgery at KCMC Return at Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge and start of wet lab Welcome cocktail reception & opening of the exhibition

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Ramanuj Hitesh Ramanuj Hitesh

COECSA Congress 2016

Thursday Morning, 25th August 2016 Main Hall Glaucoma – complex problems in need for regional solutions 0800

0830 0850

0910

Chairs: Dan Kiage, Neema Kanyaro Outcomes of trabeculectomy among glaucoma patients in Uganda: a hospital based audit Prevalence of blindness, diagnostic assessment and pattern of risk factors associated with glaucoma in patients attending Ruharo Eye Center Factors associated with loss to follow-up among glaucoma patients who attended Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Questions & answers An approach to optic neuropathies Is beta-radiation better than 5-fluorouracil as an adjunct for trabeculectomy surgery when combined with cataract surgery? A randomised controlled trial Remote interpretation of optic nerve head cupping from images acquired using a new low cost retinal camera (epiCam) Questions & answers Challenges of managing advanced glaucoma

Freddy Mbumba Byamungu Sakano Jacquiline Mchilla FM, BS, JM Mike Burdon Kazim Dhalla Andrew Blaikie KD, AB Edward Deepak

Official opening of the 4th COECSA Scientific Congress 0930

1030

Welcome announcements & Opening – President, TOS Welcome address – President, COECSA Official opening – Minister of Health, Tanzania Morning tea, exhibition & poster presentations

Cyprian Ntomoka Ibrahim Matende Guest of Honor

Keynote speech 1100

Eye care challenges and opportunities in developing countries

Kunle Hassan

Cornea – battling with infections and sequelae 1130

1210 1230

1300

Chairs: John Nkurikiye, Elisante Muna Microbial keratitis in South Western Uganda: a hospital based retrospective chart review Epidemiology of Mooren’s ulcer at Ruharo Eye Centre, Southwestern Uganda; a hospital based retrospective study Pigmented fungal keratitis: a case report Prevalence of keratoconus in patients with allergic conjunctivitis attending Kenyatta National Hospital Questions & answers Update on Trachoma Impact of Trichiasis Surgery on Quality of Life: a longitudinal study in Ethiopia Penetrating keratoplasty in Kenya: a review of indications and outcomes over a 2-year period ReLex Smile compared to PRK and (Femto-) Lasik Questions & answers Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations

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Gladys Atto Denise Kavuma Einoti Matayan Stella Mugho GA, DK, EM Matthew Burton Esmael Habtamu Abba Hydara Harald Gaeckle EH, AH, HG

Arusha, Tanzania

Thursday Morning, 25th August 2016 Room 1 Training & Education 0800 0830 0930 1030 1100

JOT: Empowering students and educators worldwide to engage using cutting edge technology ICO fellowships and examinations [Official opening of the 4th COECSA Scientific Congress in Main Hall] Morning tea, exhibition & poster presentations [Keynote speech in main hall]

Mahmood Dhalla Clare Davey

Training the trainers (TTT) 1130 1300

Training the trainers (TTT)

Melanie Corbett Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations

Room 2 Alcon Symposium Room 0800 0815 0830 0845 0900 0915 0930 1030 1100

Journey of MIVS in Africa : 27 G VR system Express mini shunts : new hope for glaucoma Target 20/20 : Refractive IOLS Anti VEGF : cutting edge tool in medical retina Magic of Toric IOLS Questions & answers [Official opening of the 4th COECSA Scientific Congress in Main Hall] Morning tea, exhibition & poster presentations [Keynote speech in main hall] Young ophthalmologists’ forum

Nilesh Kanjani Ciku Mathenge Neera Kanjani Asiwome Seneadza C S Geetha NK, CM, NK, AS, CSG

Practical leadership tips for young ophthalmologists 1130 1200 1230 1300

Chairs: Simon Arunga, Christopher Mwanansao Advocacy in eye care: the latest in the USA Excelling in Ophthalmology as a carrier for young Ophthalmologists Practical leadership tips for young ophthalmologists Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations

Sidney Gicheru Jay Chhablani Ciku Mathenge

Notes

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Thursday Afternoon, 25th August 2016 Main Hall Cataract management – improving quality and quantity 1400 1430

1450 1510

Chairs: Amos Twinamasiko, Levi Kandeke IOL options in aphakia today – glued IOL, claw IOL, SFIOL Cataract pre-operative workup among COECSA countries Efficacy of Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in Hospital based eye camps in Eastern Province of Rwanda Questions & answers Posterior capsule rupture – the way to go Outcome of age-related cataract surgery at Mbingo Baptist hospital eye unit, North West Region, Cameroon Cataract surgery in patients with very small pupils: know the risks, avoid the complications Questions & answers

Manoj Khatri Lindsay Hampejsková Egida Seba MK, LH, ES M Nivean Beyiah Pius S Briesen MN, BP, SB

Ophthalmology Gladiators 1530

Sponsored symposium

1630

Afternoon Tea

Ciku Mathenge

COECSA AGM 1715

COECSA AGM

Ibrahim Matende

Room 1 Training the Trainers (TTT) 1400 1630

Training the trainer (TTT) – Course (continued) Afternoon Tea

Melanie Corbett

Room 2 Allied Health Professionals Session

Nursing in eye care 1400 1430 1500 1530 1600 1630

Chairs: Apaisaria Kiwia, Emelda Lwena The 3 NT technique Low vision aids for visually impaired Care of ophthalmic micro instruments Triage systems in eye care Questions & answers Afternoon Tea

COECSA Congress 2016

Kazim Dhalla Aimbora Kimaro Rose Shirima Emelda Lwena KD, AK, RS, EL

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Friday Morning, 26th August 2016 Main Hall Retina – challenges and opportunities 0800

0830

0900 0930

1000 1025 1030

Chairs: Githeko Kibata, Asiwome Seneadza The outcomes of laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy in Malawi: towards developing a systematic service Assessment of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy Services in Tanzania Mainland Diabetic Retinopathy among adult diabetic patients at the Muhimbili National Hospital with no prior ophthalmic consultation for diabetic retinopathy Questions & answers The Diabetic Retinopathy Network – DR-NET.com Managing cluster endophthalmitis cases after Intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection The paradigm shift: management of diabetic macular edema Questions & answers Management of AMD Visual outcomes for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients who underwent surgery and determinants for success at KCMC eye department Persistent pseudophakic cystoid macular edema – risk factors and intravitreal treatment options Outcome of posterior segment injuries after ocular trauma at the vitreoretinal unit in Kikuyu Eye Hospital Questions & answers Recent advances in retinal imaging Announcement of WOC 2020 in South Africa Morning tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

Petros Kayange Bernadetha Shilio Aza Lyimo PK, BS, AL Nick Astbury Shaileen Parikh Asiwome Seneadza NA, SP, AS Jay Chhablani Majala Jafar David Schell Grace Nguyo MJ, DS, GN Jay Chhablani Kgao Legode

Keynote speech 1100

Partnerships and Synergies in Eye Health

Carrie MacEwen

Community ophthalmology, VISION 2020 & management of Eye Care 1130 1150

1215 1230

1300

Chairs: Jefitha Karimurio, Ciku Mathenge Human Resources for Eye Health Announcement of IAPB 10th General Assembly in Durban, South Africa Perception and willingness of MUHAS undergraduate medical students to pursue ophthalmology as a career and factors influencing their decision June-Aug 2015 COECSA country participation in the Commonwealth Clinical Fellowship Programme To what extent has Burundi achieved VISION 2020, “The Right to Sight” global initiative, targets for eye service delivery? Questions & answers Key aspects of a successful partnership in Eye health - tips from the CBM eye health advisor for East Africa region Madagascar financial data utilisation project Facial cleanliness and prevention of cross-border spread of infection are needed in the final push to eliminate active trachoma New WHO Guidelines for stopping mass drug administration the verifying elimination of human onchocerciasis (river blindness) Questions & answers Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations

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Ronnie Graham Ronnie Graham Zainab Hassan Nick Astbury Jean Niyonzima RG, JN, ZH, NA Demissie Tadesse Peter Kileo Jefitha Karimurio Tony Ukety DT, PK, JK, TU

COECSA Congress 2016

Friday Morning, 26th August 2016 Room 1 Innovations in eye care Chairs: Hillary Rono, Grace Mutati Arclight vs Keeler: an Ophthalmoscope Showdown Diabetic retinopathy screening; Quantitative clinical comparison of a low-cost, solarpowered pocket ophthalmoscope (Arclight) with a traditional device in Malawi Validity of a portable eye examination kit (Peek) compared to a gold standard fundus camera in grading patients with diabetic retinopathy at KCMC eye clinic Questions & answers 0830 Anterior approach white line advancement (WLA) ptosis surgery: long term results and patient satisfaction from a large series Visual & refractive outcome after trifocal intraocular lens implantation Central corneal regularisation followed by collagen cross-linking: a new modality in the treatment for keratoconus Questions & answers Short Break 0800

Monica Hytiris Andrew Blaikie Christopher Mwanansao MH, AB, CM Ben Parkin Shrikant Dalwadi Mukesh Joshi BP, SD, MJ

The eye and systemic disorders 0900

0930

1000 1030 1100

Chairs: Nkundwe Mwakyusa, Petros Kayange Awareness of HIV/AIDS ocular manifestations among people living with HIV/AIDS attending the HIV clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital The prevalence of ocular manifestations and visual impairment among adult HIV/AIDS patients in South Western Uganda; a hospital based study Patterns of contrast sensitivity abnormalities in HIV positive children attending Harare Central Hospital’s paediatric Opportunistic Infections clinic Questions & answers Presentation and Outcome of Uveitis among Patients in Ruharo Eye Centre, Uganda Outcomes of sympathetic ophthalmia at a tertiary care centre in Southern India Ophthalmic findings and visual rehabilitation in people with albinism – a project report Questions & answers The pupil Morning tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations [Keynote speech in main hall]

Frank Patrick Amos Twinamasiko Tendayi Mutungamiri FP, AT, TM Emmanuel Agwella Hatim Yusufali Shaileen Parikh EA, TU, HY Mike Burdon

Opthalmic Oncology & Oculoplastics – learning from challenging cases 1130 1150

1210

1240 1300

Chairs: Stephen Gichuhi, Anna Saniywa How to create and manage a national or regional ocular pathology service Delay along the care-seeking journey of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Kenya Questions & answers Gaps in essential retinoblastoma care in Africa One RB World Online: A Virtual Retinoblastoma Clinic Outcome of globe preservation therapy in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya Questions & answers Pterygium Pearls Lunch, Exhibition & Poster presentations

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Edward Deepak Stephen Gichuhi ED, SG, HR Lindsay Hampejsková Helen Dimaras Rebecah Namweyi LH, HD, RN Hitesh Ramanuj

Arusha, Tanzania

Friday Morning, 26th August 2016 Room 2 Training course in cleaning and care of ophthalmic equipment 0800

1030 1100

Short free course aimed at ophthalmologists and equipment support technicians. It includes an overview of common ophthalmic equipment and how to handle its maintenance, cleaning and repair. Morning tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations [Keynote speech in main hall] Allied Health Professionals Session

Terry Cooper

Assistant Medical Officers Ophthalmology 1130 1150 1210 1230 1250 1300

Chairs: Irma Makupa, Elisante Muna Transition from ECCE to SICS – tips and tricks Vitreous management for anterior segment surgeons When to refer your patient to a vitreoretinal clinic Congenital cataract – what role to play Questions & answers Morning tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

Hassan G Hassan Emeritus Chibuga Kazim Dhalla Judith Mwende HGH, EC, KD, JM

Notes

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Friday Afternoon, 26th August 2016 Main Hall Keynote speech 1400

Ophthalmology in Eastern Africa – a historical view on challenges and opportunities

Milka Mafwiri

Paediatric ophthalmology – saving and improving lives 1430

1500 1520

1600

1630

Chairs: Bernadetha Shilio, Kahaki Kimani Impact of provision of photochromic prescription glasses and educational support on the academic performance of children with albinism in Kenya Ocular morbidity and blindness among children in Southern Tanzania: prevalence and causes Profile of amblyopia at Sabatia Eye Hospital Questions and answers Towards a global standard of care for retinoblastoma: challenges & opportunities for the COECSA region Outcomes of Surgery for Primary Congenital Glaucoma in Kenya: a Multicentre Retrospective Case Series The Situation Analysis of Child Eye Health in Uganda Prevalence and factors associated with childhood visual impairment among children attending Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda Prevalence of strabismus and outcomes of its management among children attending Ruharo Eye Centre, Uganda: a hospital based retrospective audit Questions & answers A review of severe ocular trauma in children hospitalised at Sabatia Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among low birth weight children at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Retinopathy of prematurity: prevalence and risk factors among infants in rural Kenya Prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among infants born in Nairobi hospital Questions & answers Afternoon tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

Prabha Choksey Milka Mafwiri Maria Wanyonyi PC, SP, MW Helen Dimaras Jalikatu Mustapha Anne Musika Patience Kinengyere Seraphine Ntizahuvye HD, MM, AM, PK,SN S Esevwe Theophile Tuyisabe Sarah Sitati Oscar Onyango SE, TT, SS, OO

Notes

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Friday Afternoon, 26th August 2016 Room 1 Increasing access, quality and volume of cataract surgery services in Sub Saharan Africa – lessons from an entrepreneurial initiative

1545

Chairs: Sasipriva Karumanchi, Dan Kiage Hilton Cataract Initiative in Sub-Saharan Africa - Project design, inputs, key intervention strategies and expected outcomes Converting need to demand for cataract services in African settings – what makes it work? Practice protocol and monitoring to enhance cataract surgical visual outcomes Key considerations to ensure financial viability Challenges in developing high volume sustainable eye care providers and the way forward Panel Discussion

1630

Afternoon tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

1430 1445 1500 1515 1530

Sasipriva Karumanchi Dan Kiage Fitsum Bekele Kibata Githeko Kunle Hassan SK (moderator), DK, FB, KG, KH

Room 2

Open vitreo-retinal surgeons sub-specialists meeting 1430 1500

1630

Chairs: Kazim Dhalla, Jafferji Shafiq Complex vitreo-retinal surgeries Round table discussion on: - DR management protocols for COECSA region? - Introducing the Kenyan Vitreoretinal Society - Research collaboration with LVPEI-COECSA? Afternoon tea, Exhibition & Poster presentations

Jay Chhabblani All VR subspecialists are invited to discuss, all delegates are invited to attend.

Notes

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Speakers of Invited Presentations & Committee Chairs Arunga, Simon Dr. Arunga is a lecturer at the department of ophthalmology Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda, and a consultant ophthalmologists at the Referral Hospital Eye Centre.

Bopp, Silvia PD Dr. med. Silvia Bopp is senior consultant at the Augenklinik Universitaetsallee MVZ, Bremen, Germany. She did her medical studies in Wuerzburg and Luebeck from 1975-1981 and made her doctorate on nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. During her residency at the university of Luebeck she already focussed on the vitreoretinal field (director: Prof. Horst Laqua) and continued subspecialization over the following years (1981-1993). Her basic scientific work in Luebeck was subsumed in her habilitation on „Lectin histochemical findings of normal human retina and in proliferative vitreoretinal disorders“. In 1993 she founded the first outpatient vitreoretinal clinic in Bremen, Germany, together with Klaus Lucke. In Bremen she continued clinical scientific projects and worked on various subjects, ranging from anterior to posterior segment diseases to improve surgical techniques with respect to safety and efficacy and quality management. Her surgical experience consists of more than 20000 intraocular procedures, both in the anterior and posterior segment. Furthermore, she is member of numerous scientific societies. Her publication list comprises more than 550 papers as 1. author and about 70 scientific articles and book chapters. She esteems teaching an important task to pass knowledge and performs courses regularly at national and international meetings. Further tasks include participation in multicenter studies and advisory boards. Burdon, Michael FRCOphth FRCP(Edin) Consultant Neuro-Ophthalmologist, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Michael Burdon is a consultant ophthalmologist with an interest in neuro-ophthalmology at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham. He underwent subspecialty training in Brisbane, St Thomas' Hospital, Moorfields Eye Hospital, and the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery. He is Chairman of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists Scientific Committee and the British Isles Neuro-Ophthalmology Club. He has an established reputation as a teacher of neuro-ophthalmology, speaking at numerous national and international meetings, and co-authoring "The NeuroOphthalmology Survival Guide" with Anthony Pane and Neil Miller. He has extensive experience in the diagnosis and management (including surgical correction) of adult motility disorders. His main research interests are papilloedema and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Since nearly 10 years he was active in establishing and maintaining an active link between KCMC eye department and University Hospital Birmingham with numerous bilateral visits and exchange of knowledge and experience. Burton, Matthew Matthew Burton is Professor of International Eye Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. He is an Ophthalmologist, whose main research focus is on trachoma and corneal infection. He qualified in medicine from Cambridge University and did his post-graduate training in Oxford and at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London. From 2001 to 2004 he worked as a clinical research fellow based at the MRC Laboratories in The Gambia. He was subsequently based at the Department of Ophthalmology, KCMC Hospital, Moshi, Tanzania, from 2008 to 2012. Matthew holds a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship in Clinical Science which supports research on the control and pathogenesis of blinding trachoma in Ethiopia and Tanzania. Matthew is Director of the Commonwealth Eye Health Consortium and an Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London. Chhablani, Jay Jay Chhablani completed his master’s in ophthalmology from Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. He did a clinical vitreo-retina fellowship at Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai. He was an International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) fellow at Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, Switzerland, in 2009 and a Clinical Instructor at the Jacobs Retina Center at Shiley Eye Center, University of California, San Diego, USA (2010 to 2012) before he joined L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India as faculty. His areas of interest are macular disorders and recent imaging techniques. He has published more than 150 articles in peer-reviewed journals and several non-peer reviewed articles. He is a reviewer for journals such as IOVS, Retina and Experimental Eye Research. He has received several awards including honor awards from American Society of Retina Specialists. He has received travel awards from Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) and Asia Pacific Ophthalmology Society. He is on the editorial board for Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, PLOS One, and Clinical Ophthalmology. He is associate editor for BMC Ophthalmology. He is member of Global ONE network committee of American Academy of Ophthalmology. Chibuga, Emeritus Emeritus Chibuga is a consultant ophthalmologist, with a subspecialty interest in vitreoretinal surgery, from CCBRT in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. In addition to his varied medical and surgical practice, Emeritus enjoys his role in training the next generation of ophthalmologists. Prior to his current post, Emeritus worked as a consultant ophthalmologist at King Faisal Hospital in Kigali, Rwanda. After completing his undergraduate training at the University of Dar es Salaam in 1995, Emeritus went on to graduate from Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College – Tumaini University, Moshi in 2005. Emeritus obtained a Master of Public Health degree in 2013 from the University of Western Cape in South Africa. Emeritus is the current treasurer of COECSA.

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Cooper, Terry Terry Cooper is a Regional Manager for Volk Optical with responsibility for managing it's business in Europe and Japan. Volk Optical is the leading global supplier of diagnostic, laser and surgical ophthalmic lenses. Terry is also a dedicated charity worker as well as a professional documentary and portrait photographer with a special interest in documenting the impact of diabetic retinopathy, HIV/AIDS and Ebola Virus Disease on the people of Africa.

Corbett, Melanie Miss Melanie Corbett is a Consultant Ophthalmologist at the Western Eye Hospital, UK, where she provides specialist cataract, corneal and ocular surface services for the whole of West London. She also leads the Medical Contact Lens Service. Miss Corbett is responsible for the training both junior ophthalmologists and their trainers, both locally for the London Deanery and nationally for The Royal College of Ophthalmologists. She has run her popular ‘Training the Trainers’ programme also for COECSA fellows for the past three years.

Davey, Clare Clare Davey was appointed as consultant ophthalmologist at the Royal Free Hospital, London in 1987. She specialised in medical and surgical ophthalmology and set up the diabetic retinal screening service to the local population. Later she specialised in medical Retina. She took on a teaching and education role in the Hospital and became deputy director of postgraduate medicine, at the Royal Free, and increasingly involved in the London teaching programme and the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. She became the head of the Part 1 FRCOphth exam. She is the lead consultant for the Royal Free arm of the VISION 2020 Link between Mulago Hospital and the Royal Free Hospital, with Grace Ssali she maintains an active and enjoyable link. She is now the deputy head of exams for the International Council of Ophthalmology and Head of the International Committee at the Royal College of Ophthalmologists, and so is very involved with the COECSA link. Dean, William Will is a UK-trained ophthalmologist, with a special interest in glaucoma, cataract and surgical education. After working in Nkhoma Mission Eye Hospital, Malawi, for 4 years; he completed his specialist training in Bristol, UK; and attained a Masters degree in surgical education at Imperial College London. He will continue his passion in global blindness prevention, commencing a PhD in 2017 through the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine: looking at the role of simulation-based surgical training in glaucoma and small-incision cataract training in SubSaharan Africa. When not working, teaching, or travelling extensively around Southern Africa; Will enjoys cycling, writing music, and spending weekends with family and friends. Deepak P. Edward Deepak P Edward, M.D. FACS, FARVO is the Jonas S. Friedenwald Professor of Ophthalmology and a Professor of Pathology at the Wilmer Eye Institute and the Executive Medical Director at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Dr. Edward is an active clinician who maintains a busy clinical and surgical schedule for the treatment of advanced and complex glaucoma. He has been listed in the Best Doctors in America list for many years. He has a wide range of research interests in the fields of ophthalmic education, glaucoma, ophthalmic pathology, biomarkers, cell biology and proteomics. He has over 190 publications including those in Nature Medicine and Genetics. Dr Edward has memberships in a number of professional societies including the prestigious Verhoeff-Zimmerman Society, and the American Ophthalmological Society. He is also Editor in Chief of Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology and is on the editorial board of several other journals and publications. Dr Edward is an innovative educator and has been awarded several teaching awards during his career including a Lifetime teaching award at the University of Illinois. He has been instrumental in initiating a web based teaching program for ophthalmology for 3 Universities in Nigeria for the Middle East Africa Council of Ophthalmology. Dhalla, Kazim Dr. Dhalla was born in Zanzibar and has been trained at various institutions in and outside Tanzania and Africa. He is currently a senior consultant ophthalmologist and vitreoretinal surgeon at the CCBRT hospital in Dar Es Salaam

Dimaras, Helen Dr. Helen Dimaras is Director of Global Eye Health Research in the Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences at The Hospital for Sick Children, and Scientist in the Child Health Evaluative Sciences program, SickKids Research Institute. She also holds positions as Assistant Professor in the Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Division of Clinical Public Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; and Honorary Lecturer in the Department of Human Pathology at the University of Nairobi. She has a PhD in Molecular & Medical Genetics, and completed post-doctoral training in clinical trials and global health Dr. Dimaras’ research spans the disciplines of global health, cancer genetics and clinical science. Her studies have contributed to the understanding of the molecular genetic development of the childhood eye cancer, retinoblastoma. She is currently studying approaches to reduce the global retinoblastoma health equity gap that results in poor survival in much of the world.

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Dr. Dimaras teaches undergraduate courses in genetics and global health in the Human Biology Program, and a module on technology & innovation for global health within the Global Health Education Initiative at the University of Toronto. Her interest in global health education has also led her to study the ethics of voluntourism and global health study abroad/service learning experiences. Fisseha, Admassu Gondor, Ethiopia Gicheru, Sidney Dr. Sidney Gicheru is an ophthalmologist working in Texas, USA, he has a wide array of experience with LASIK, PRK, Laser Cataract Surgery and Refractive Cataract surgery (including the TORIC and ReSTOR multifocal lens implant). He also performs Comprehensive eye exams, as well as Laser treatments for Glaucoma and Diabetes. He is a 2012 graduate of the Leadership Development Program of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. He has held leadership positions in many Ophthalmology institutions, including the Texas Ophthalmological Association (Past President). Dr. Gicheru received his undergraduate degree in Electrical Engineering and Pre-Medical studies from Southern Methodist University. He obtained his Medical degree from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School. Thereafter he completed his Medical Internship at the prestigious Beth Israel Hospital/Harvard Medical School program. He went on to complete his Ophthalmology Residency at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Dr. Gicheru has a love of teaching and helping the underserved. He has given lectures all over the world. For several years, our local medical school has awarded him an Outstanding Service Award for his work teaching young surgeons. He has volunteered his skills and time in Thailand, the Philippines, Kenya, South Africa, China, Japan and Haiti. On a personal note, Dr. Gicheru was born in Superior, Wisconsin. He has lived in the DFW metroplex for over 30 years. He is married with 2 children. For recreation, he enjoys long distance running, cycling, swimming, world travel and electronic gadgetry. Hassan, G Hassan A graduate of Mmed Ophth from Tumain University, KCMC Medical College - Moshi Tanzania in year 2006. Worked as an Ophthalmologist at KCMC Eye Department (Sept 2006-June 2008). From July 2008 – Nov 2010 he was working as Head of Ophthalmology Department at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital also at capacity of Regional Eye Care Coordinator (REC) for Dodoma region. From 2009 to 2013 he was a Chairperson of then Ophthalmological Society of Eastern Africa (OSEA) Tanzania Chapter. In Jan 2011 he joined CCBRT Hospital in Dar es Salaam and two years letter he was the Head of Ophthalmology Department up to Nov 2015. For the past 10 years he has lead different teams to great successes in setting glaucoma clinics for better management of glaucoma patients. Dr Hassan has dedicated most of his time by continuously improving his knowledge and skills by attending several conferences and seminars both within the country and abroad. Throughout his career in ophthalmology he has been a tireless mentor to different levels of students including Mmed residents in Ophthalmology, AMO-Ophthalmology, and nurses in several Eye Departments he has been working. Currently Dr Hassan is working as a Director, practicing Ophthalmologist and Consultant Eye Surgeon at New Vision Specialist Eye Clinic in Dar es Salaam. Kanyaro, Neema Neema is a consultant ophthalmologist and Glaucoma specialist in the department of ophthalmology at Muhimbili National hospital. She completed her residence in ophthalmology 2010 at Muhimbili University. She did her Glaucoma fellowship at LV.Prasad Eye Academy in India. She has participated in the writing of the COECSA glaucoma management guideline. She is an active member of Glaucoma communities of practice COECSA and the General Secretary of Tanzania Ophthalmology Society.

Khatri, Manoj Manjo Khatri completed his MBBS from Nagpur University with a distinction in Ophthalmology and his Diploma in Ophthalmology (DO) from Chennai University and adjudged as best Outgoing Postgraduate. Subsequently, after finishing his DNB (Diplomate Of National Board in Ophthalmology), he did his Vitreo-Retina fellowship from the prestigious L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad and later on a Clinical and Research fellowship in Vitreo-Retina and Uveitis from the esteemed Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai. During his tenure as a fellow he worked extensively on the SNDREAMS (Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiological and Molecular Genetics Study) project. He has achieved a certification in Basic and Clinical Sciences in Ophthalmology from the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO), UK and The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow (FRCS Glasg), UK. He is also a Fellow of All India Collegium of Ophthalmology in Retina and Vitreous (FAICO). He has published several papers in peer reviewed scientific journals, presented widely nationally and internationally at various scientific forums. He is also a Principal investigator and Co-investigator of various drug trials in Ophthalmology and a DNB (Diplomate Of National Board in Ophthalmology) teaching cum thesis guide. Kimaro, Aimbora Aimbora is currently working at KCMC Eye department as low vision therapist, pediatric optometrist and orthoptist. She is also a part time tutor, supervisor and mentor of optometry students at the KCMC School of Optometry. She started working at KCMC in 2006. Aimbora Kimaro was the first female graduate in Tanzania with a Bachelor of Science in Optometry. She did her B.Sc. in Optometry at Lotus college of Optometry, Mumbai India from 2008 – 2011. Before her bachelor she did a diploma in Optometry at KCMC School of Optometry, Moshi, Tanzania and graduated in 2005. She also did a Bausch & Lomb contact lens course from Jan-June 2011 at Mumbai India. In August 2012 she went for training in orthoptics at University Hospitals Birmingham, UK, as part of the LINKS program. Aimbora is a member of the Tanzania Optometrist Association (TOA) and among the speakers in TOA conferences. Kruger, Louis

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Kunle, Hassan Dr. Kunle Hassan is an international acclaimed, Ophthalmic Surgeon with wide experience in Vitreo-Retina Surgery, Glaucoma, Anterior Segment, Cataract and Ocular Plastic Surgery. He is the President, African Ophthalmology Council and Board Member International Council of Ophthalmology.

Lufunga, Ng’hungu Dr Ng'hungu Lufunga Kuzenza (MD MMED MUHAS)  TOS Treasurer  Head Department of Ophthalmology, Singida Regional Referral Hospital,  Regional Eye Care Coordinator

Lwena, Emelda Highly qualified and experienced Graduate Registered Nurse, with a total of nineteen years working experience in different areas as a Ophthalmic nurse, reproductive and child health nurse, eye service coordinator, Clinical Nurse, clinical instructor, nurse trainer and Nurse Manager. My professional work experience includes reproductive health, orthopedic nursing, paediatric nursing, ophthalmic nursing, nursing leadership and coordination. I have worked with private institution and NGO; have actively been involved in implementing change at the hospital setting, co-ordinate different groups of staff and conduct eye training to nurses. MacEwen, Caroline President RCOphth and Consultant Ophthalmologist, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee Professor Caroline (Carrie) MacEwen is a Consultant Ophthalmologist at Ninewells Hospital, Dundee and Head of the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Dundee. She trained in Glasgow, Dundee and London and her subspecialty clinical interest lies in the field of eye movement disorders and squint. Research interests include epidemiology of ocular trauma, paediatric eye disease and the clinical management of strabismus. She has published more than 140 papers and written and contributed to textbooks for both undergraduate students and qualified doctors. She has an interest in sport and exercise medicine and was made an honorary fellow of the Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine in 2012. She is an Associate post-graduate Dean in the East of Scotland for flexible medical post graduate training. Mafwiri, Milka COECSA 2016 Keynote Speaker: “Ophthalmology in East Africa: decades of challenges and opportunities” Dr Milka Madaha Mafwiri is an Ophthalmologist and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Ophthalmology at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS). She did a Master of Science in Community Eye Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine in 2010 and graduated as MMed Ophthalmology in 1990 at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Dar-es-Salaam. She was the Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies at the School of Medicine of MUHAS from 2011-2015. Previous to these positions she had worked as head of the eye department at MUHAS as well as CCBRT Hospital where she was involved in Paediatric Ophthalmology. She has published 22 articles in international peer-reviewed journals in various fields of ophthalmology including a publication on risk factors for endemic optic neuropathy in Tanzania. She has done numerous consultancies in International Ophthalmology and served as an external examiner in several postgraduate training programmes. Marco, Sheila, MBChB, MMED (Ophthal), FEACO, Glaucoma Specialist Dr Sheila Marco is a Consultant Ophthalmologist and Section Head at the Ophthalmology Unit, Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi. Previously she worked as senior lecturer at the department of ophthalmology of the University of Nairobi. She did a glaucoma fellowship with Professor Karim Damji at the University of Alberta, Canada. She is also a Fellow of EACO since 2009 and finished her Masters in Medicine Ophthalmology at the University of Nairobi 2006. Her areas of interest include Adult and paediatric glaucoma; glaucoma based research; teleophthalmology; development of glaucoma guidelines for Eastern and Central Africa region and cataract surgery. Mathenge, Ciku Honorary Professor of Ophthalmology at University of Rwanda; Consultant Ophthalmologist Rwanda International Institute of Ophthalmology & Dr Agarwal's Eye Hospital, Kigali ; Regional Medical Advisor, Fred Hollows Foundation.

Mwakyusa, Nkundwe Dr. Nkundwe Mwakyusa is the National Eye Care Program Manager at the Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children since 2009. She qualified as an Ophthalmologist in 2003 from Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Tanzania. Dr. Mwakyusa is a founder fellow of COECSA. In 2007, she received a Master’s of Public Health from the Royal Tropical Institute in the Netherlands. She is also an Afya Bora Global Health Leadership fellow. Dr. Mwakyusa is experienced in developing national eye care strategic plans. Nkundwe has extensive experience in Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases. She has spearheaded the designing of an eye care services management information system for Tanzania as well as two eye care projects; Strengthening Eye Care Coordination and Strengthening Child Eye Health services. These projects have contributed significantly in raising

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the profile of eye care within the health care system in Tanzania. Dr. Mwakyusa’s work contributes significantly to prevention of blindness in the country. Mwende, Judith Dr Judith Kivugo Mwende worked at Bombo Hospital in Tanga Region till 1987, where she left for further studies in Bulgaria from 1987 to 1994, where she graduated as a Medical Doctor. On returning to Tanzania she joined the Muhimbili National Hospital for an Internship, and Morogoro Regional Hospital as a General Practiotional till 2000, when she joined the Tumaini University for Masters degree in Medicine specializing in Ophthalmology. She graduated in 2004 as an Ophthalmologist , She worked at CCBRT Hospital where She joined a Fellowship in Paediatric Ophthalmology. Currently she is working at Muhimbili National Hospital as a Paediatric Ophthalmilogist. She has been an External Examiner for Assistant Medical Officer in Ophthalmology ( AMO-O) for three years. She is also a National Trainer in Childhood Eye Health - training Health Workers ( different cadres) and Primary School Teachers. Because she is working at the National Hospital is also engaged in Training the Residents and Undergraduates. She is married to an Engineer with three children. Nivean, M Dr. M.Nivean finished Vitreo-Retinal Fellowship- Sankara Nethralaya , Chennai, 2009-2011, M.S (Ophthalmology) He worked at Aravind Eye Hospital , Madurai , India 2005-2009. Dr. M. Nivean is a well-trained ophthalmic surgeon in both Anterior and Posterior segment surgeries. He had his Basic training in Ophthalmology (M.S,2009) in Aravind Eye Care System, Madurai, one of the most Premier Institutes for Post Graduation, under the able guidance of Dr. Prajna .N.V. He did his Super Speciality Fellowship in Vitreous and Retina (FMRF, 2011) at Shankara Nethralaya ,Chennai, one of the renowned Institutes, under the able guidance of Dr. Lingam Gopal. He was 1st to perform live 3D cataract surgery in South India. Padhani, Dilawar Dilawar Padhani works as a lecturer in ophthalmology at Muhimbili Universith of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) since 2006. He organized and attended many outreach eye camps as an ophthalmologist and organizer. He is a member of COECSA and Fellow of EACO.

Philippin, Heiko Consultant Ophthalmologist, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Tanzania Dr Heiko Philippin graduated from the University of Freiburg, Germany, in 2000 and completed his postgraduate ophthalmology training there afterwards. Since January 2007 he worked at the Sabatia Eye Hospital, Kenya, before moving in 2009 to the KCMC Department of Ophthalmology in Moshi, Tanzania. Currently, Dr Philippin is the Head of Postgraduate Training and the glaucoma subspecialist at KCMC Department of Ophthalmology. In 2011, Dr Philippin did an international glaucoma fellowship with Professor Peter Shah at the University of Birmingham, UK. His research interests are largely related to glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Among other research projects, he is currently involved in a trial exploring the role of laser treatment for glaucoma in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and in the Kilimanjaro Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Programme: a pilot project identifying challenges and exploring innovative solutions for diabetic retinopathy screening in SSA. Ramanuj, Hitesh Dr Ramanuj is the Director of Raghuvir Eye Hospital in Ahmedabad and the president of the North Gujarat IHL. He has performed more than 25,000 cataract surgeries. He was involved in clinical trials of Medical Devices and pharmaceutical products. He is the former vice president of Gujarat Ophthalmological Society and Ahmedabad Ophthalmological Society. He has a MBBS from BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad (1991) and M.S. (ophthalmology) from BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad (1995). Sandi, Frank Frankie is a Young Ophthalmologist, Clinical Instructor and Lecturer at The University of Dodoma, Tanzania. He is one of the potential future Ophthalmology leaders in the ECSA region and has passion to make eye health matters to be taken as a priority in Tanzania and around ECSA region, where blindness is rampant with little emphasis on its control. He is currently enrolled in Leadership development Programme under the AOC/ ICO. He was selected as a chairman of the 4th COECSA congress 2016 because of his outstanding organizational capacity, team working and other leadership attributes he is possessing. Sanyiwa, Anna Dr Anna is a lecturer and Ophthalmologist at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) in Tanzania .She has over 15 years experience in general ophthalmology. From 2009 through 2015, Dr Anna was the head of department of ophthalmology at MUHAS. Her main areas of clinical interest include community ophthalmology, neuropthalmology and paediatric ophthalmology with special interests in retinoblastoma. She is a team lead of the Tanzania Retinoblastoma (TRbT) team, a working group which was established in March 2016 as part of efforts to encourage early diagnosis through awareness campaigns and it spearheads to improve the quality of care of patients with retinoblastoma. Dr Anna holds two master degrees, Master of medicine in ophthalmology, Master of public health and diploma in Global heath. She is one of the first batch beneficiaries of Commonwealth Eye Health Consortium 3 month clinical fellowships (paediatric ophthalmology). She is an active member and one of the founder members of COECSA.

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Shilio, Bernadetha She is an Ophthalmologist working at the National Eye Care Program, Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Tanzania. She obtained her Medical Doctor degree from the Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam and later, postgraduate Masters of Science in Community Ophthalmology from the International Centre for Eye Health, University College London in 1999. She graduated as MMed Ophthalmology in 2002 at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College of Tumaini University in Kilimanjaro. She was a Lecturer at Kilimanjaro Medical College and Centre from 2000 instructing Mid level eye Cadres and other health cadres and later on MMed Ophthalmology. She did a short fellowship course in Paediatric Ophthalmology at CCBRT in 2006. Dr. Shilio was the assistant head of the Department of Ophthalmology at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre. In that capacity, in addition to her work as an ophthalmologist, she oversaw activities of the department and coordinated medical doctor degree students. Dr. Shilio has performed research in Paediatric Ophthalmology and other Ophthalmology areas and published some in peer-reviewed journals. Before joining the Ministry in 2009, she was a country Director for International Trachoma Initiative- Tanzania office. Dr Shilio is currently more engaged in programmatic researches and capacity building that will bring positive impact the lives of most Tanzanians through evidence based advocacy as well as competency based performance in Ophthalmology area. Dr. Shilio is a founding fellow of COECSA. Shirima, Rose Rose Shirima is a registered nurse in the KCMC eye department. She did a certificate course as ophthalmic assistant at Mvumi Hospital in 2002 and holds a degree of bachelor of science in nursing which she did from 2005 to 2008 at KCM College of Tumaini University, Tanzania.

Tabin, Geoffrey Dr. Tabin is a Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John E. and Marva M. Warnock Presidential Endowed Chair, and Co-Director of the Division of International Ophthalmology at the University of Utah’s John A. Moran Eye Center. He specializes in cornea, cataract and refractive surgery. He graduated from Yale College and earned an M.A. in philosophy at Oxford as a Marshall Scholar, followed by an M.D. from Harvard Medical School. Dr. Tabin is committed to providing quality ophthalmic care and education to all the patients he serves. He has traveled the world extensively conducting sight restoring surgeries and training local doctors. In 2009, Dr. Tabin was named an "unsung hero" by the Dalai Lama for his dedication to eradicating unnecessary world blindness and implementing a model for sustainable ophthalmic care in the developing world. An avid mountaineer, Dr. Tabin was the fourth person in the world to climb the "7 summits," the highest point of all seven continents. Tadesse, Demissie Demissie Tadesse is a senior Ethiopian ophthalmologist with over 20 years of clinical experience in Ethiopia and abroad. An anterior segment surgeon, who has collaborated with the ophthalmology departments of Addis Ababa & Nairobi Universities in training residents for many years. He is an established leader in promoting eye health and blindness alleviation programs in Eastern Africa, having provided transformational leadership as a Director of Sabatia Eye Hospital in Kenya for six years. During his tenure, Sabatia became one of the major high volume and self-sustaining ophthalmic surgical centres in Kenya. He is former President of the Ophthalmological Society of Ethiopia and Chair of the National Committee for Blindness Prevention. Dr. Demissie presently serves as Eastern Africa Regional Eye Health Consultant and adviser for Christian Blind Mission International (CBM). He currently serves on various national eye health & Trachoma control committees and forums in promoting eye health in Ethiopia and the region. Wolff, Bernard Current Position Private practice Vitreoretinal Specialist, Johannesburg Experience >5000 Retinal surgeries Vitreoretinal Fellowship Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia 2009-2010 Opthalmology training Medical University of South Africa, 2002-2006 under Prof Robert Stegmann Qualifications MMed (ophth), Fellowship of the College of Ophth of SA, FC Ophth(SA) 2005

Yusufali, Mustafa Currently Dr Yusufali is working at Kairuki Hospital as well as Kairuki University as a lecturer for undergraduate students. He did his MMed Ophth at MUHAS, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania where he graduated in 2014. He is a member of the Bohora Volunteers Institution where he organized various medical related events such as medical camps, stage programmes and presentations.

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Abstracts New WHO Guidelines for stopping mass drug administration the verifying elimination of human onchocerciasis (river blindness) T Ukety Objectives: As many onchocerciasis endemic countries are approaching the end of intervention or treatment phase known as phase 1 using mainly ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA), WHO has developed and published new guidelines in January 2016 to assist ministries of health and their partners to stop MDA and conduct post-treatment surveillance of 3 to 5 years period prior of confirming interruption of transmission of Onchocerca volvulus parasite. Design and Methods: The development of this new tool was based on GRADE methodology. Results: The demonstration and confirmation of interruption of transmission of is mainly based on entomological assessment of O-150 PCR testing in black flies (Simulium species) to ensure that the upper bound of 95 % confidence interval for the prevalence of infective flies is less than 0.05 % and serological evaluation of Ov-16 IgG4 antibody in children under 10 years of age to detect a prevalence of less than 0.1 % at the upper bound of the 95 % interval. The guidelines also provide step by step standard operating procedures for endemic countries to prepare for the verification of elimination of human onchocerciasis before the acknowledgement of elimination by WHO Director General. Conclusions: This new tool should be now used in replacement of the 2001 WHO guidelines for certification of elimination of human onchocerciasis.

Patterns of contrast sensitivity abnormalities in HIV positive children attending Harare Central Hospital’s paediatric Opportunistic Infections clinic T Mutungamiri Objectives: Contrast Sensitivity (CS) is a function of vision. Vision. CS is affected by disease processes that affect individual structures of the eye and the visual pathway. Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV), Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), Opportunistic Infections (OI) and the drugs used in their treatment have an effect on the eye and the visual pathway. This makes HIV positive children more likely to have poor visual function than the general paediatric population, however there is limited data available on CS in HIV positive children both in Zimbabwe and sub- Saharan Africa. Objectives were 1.to characterise the patterns and quantify prevalence of CS abnormalities in HIV positive children and 2. to establish the existence and type of association between CS and CD4+ T cell count, WHO HIV clinical stage and previous anti-Tuberculosis treatment. Design and Methods: This was a cross sectional study of patients attending the Harare Central Hospital’s paediatric Opportunistic Infections Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe. Systematic sampling was used to recruit participants. A structured questionnaire was used to gather patient information. A complete ocular examination was done inclusive of Visual acuity (Snellen chart), Contrast sensitivity (Pelli Robson chart), Slit lamp and dilated fundus examination. Results: 1. A total of 168 participants were enrolled into the study (age range 7-12 years). BCDVA was better or equal to 6/12 in 98.8% of the participants. 2. The mean Log CS was 1.71 (range 1.2-1.95), with a standard deviation of 0.12. 3. The prevalence of poor contrast sensitivity was 12.5%. 4. An association was established between poor contrast sensitivity and decreasing CD4+ T cell count (p=0.05). 5. Participants on HAART had a lower Log CS than those not on HAART (p=0.002). 6. Participants on second line HAART therapy had a lower Log CS than those on first Line HAART therapy, (p=0.02). 7. There was no associations established between previous anti TB treatment in participants and abnormalities in contrast sensitivity (p=0.63). Conclusions: This study showed that poor contrast sensitivity is common in HIV positive children, with decreasing CD4+ T cell count being associated with poor contrast sensitivity. Contrast sensitivity abnormalities were found to occur even with good visual acuity.

Pigmented fungal keratitis: a case report E Matayan, J Wilkes, H Philippin, M Burton Objectives: Fungal keratitis accounts for around half of the culture positive microbial keratitis cases in the East African region. These are most frequently Fusarium spp or Aspergillus spp., which are non-pigmented. Here we report an unusual case of pigment filamentary fungal keratitis. Design and Methods: A case report Results: A 63 year old man presented with a three week history of a left painful red eye with loss of vision (HM). There was not history of trauma or diabetes. On examination, there was an injected conjunctiva, pigmented epithelial plaque, stromal infiltrate (3x4mm) and no hypopyon. Corneal scraping for gram stain/KOH and culture showed a pigmented filamentary fungus. HIV test was negative. The subtype of fungus was not identifiable with lactophenol cotton blue mount of the culture. A final diagnosis of “unidentifiable pigmented fungus” was made. The patient was started on topical Ciprofloxacin and Econazole, Atropine, oral Doxycycline and itraconazole. The keratitis was resolving after 3 weeks following treatment. Conclusions: Keratomycosis is most commonly caused by filamentous fungi, which can be sub-divided into pigmented (dematiaceous) and non pigmented (moniliaceous) fungi. Pigmented fungal keratitis is often a clinical diagnosis, due to its characteristic appearance which can usually be differentiated from bacterial keratitis. Curvularia species are considered the commonest cause of pigmented fungal corneal ulcer. However, it is often difficult to identify the specific subtype of pigmented fungus. It is important that patients receive aggressive treatment, as pigmented fungus have an aggressive course and require often a surgical intervention. Natamycin is usually the first line topical antifungal

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especially for superficial fungal keratitis . This case report highlights a relatively common cause of keratitis which can be a spot diagnosis if the described clinical signs are known by the clinician.

Outcome of posterior segment injuries after ocular trauma at the vitreoretinal unit in Kikuyu Eye Hospital G Nguyo Objectives: Ocular trauma is a significant cause of monocular blindness worldwide. Eye injuries involving the posterior segment have been a matter of concern particularly due to the related poor visual outcome. These injuries require specialised intervention and follow up care to achieve best possible visual outcome. The study aimed to give baseline information on outcomes of posterior segment eye injuries in a standard vitreoretinal setup in Kenya. Objectives were to review the outcome of posterior segment injury after ocular trauma at the vitreoretinal unit of Kikuyu Eye Unit. Design and Methods: Study Design: Retrospective case series. Materials and Methods: a structured questionnaire was the main data collection tool from hospital records. Data was analysed using SPSS. Subject demographics, interventions done after injury as well as outcomes after interventions were analysed using appropriate statistical tests. A 95% confidence level was used. Results: One hundred and six eyes of 102 patients were reviewed. Seventy nine eyes (74.5%) were closed globe injuries with retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage being the most common findings, at 49(46.2%) and 47 (44.3%) eyes respectively. Ninety nine eyes (92.5%) had surgical interventions done, with PPV and silicon oil fill done in 39 eyes (39.40%) which had retinal detachment. There was a marked improvement in the visual acuity from presentation and at final review after various interventions (p40year with glaucoma, an IOP>21mmHG and cataract were enrolled and randomised to receive1000cG β radiation application or sub-conjunctival 5 Fluorouracil (5FU) at the time of combined trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification with lens implant surgery. 385 were eligible for inclusion of whom 301 agreed to inclusion in the study (one eye per patient). 150 were randomised to the 5FU arm and 151 received β radiation. Results: To exactly 12 months there were 40 failures (cumulative survival 70% (62% to 77%)) in the 5FU arm and 34 failures (cumulative survival 74% (65% to 80%)) in the beta arm. The mean presenting acuity of 0.91 and 0.86 logMAR improved to 0.62 and 0.54 in the 5FU and beta arms respectively. Complications did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: This study highlights several critical points in the quest for a therapeutic strategy for the glaucomas within an African context. Firstly, phacotrabeculectomy is a successful operation that improves vision as well as controlling IOP in a majority of patients. Second, there is no major difference between the use of 5FU and beta radiation as an antimetabolite. The success of trabeculectomy in lowering IOP is reduced when combined with phacoemulsification in comparison with trabeculectomy alone. This finding has to be set against the possible need for subsequent cataract surgery in the presence of a functioning trabeculectomy which represents a second trip and expense for the patient and results in 10-61% failure of the trabeculectomy at one year post-cataract surgery

Facial cleanliness and prevention of cross-border spread of infection are needed in the final push to eliminate active trachoma J Karimurio, H Rono, G Odhiambo Objectives: Active trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatisand a dirty face is the most important risk factor. Mass drug administration (MDA) plus facial cleanliness and environmental improvements (FE) are the recommended interventions. Trachoma inflammation-follicular (TF) in children 1-9 years old is the routine monitoring indicator. Aim was to assess the progress towards elimination of TF as a public health problem in NarokCounty located at the Kenya-Tanzania border

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Arusha, Tanzania

Design and Methods: Project documents were reviewed and survey methods published elsewhere. Narok County comprises of previous Narok and Transmara districts.A district-baseline trachoma surveys was conducted in Narok district in 2004 and interventions commenced in 2007. Thereafter, impact surveys were conducted in 2010 and 2014 in geographical areas (segments) with 100,000 to 200,000 people each. In Transmara district, a baseline survey was conducted in 2011 and interventions began in 2013. Results: In 2004, 1,348 children 1-9 years old were examined in Narok district. Prevalence of TF was 30.5% (95%CI:25.6%- 35.8%). In 2010, 3,998 children were examined in 5 segments.The prevalence of TF in the district was 11.0% (95%CI:8.0%-14.0%). Three segments (North Eastern, North Western and Central) had prevalence of less 5%. The prevalence in the Southern Western segment was 26.7% (95%CI:18.7%34%) and in South Eastern segment 21.6% (95%CI:15.4%-27.8%). In 2014, 800 children were examined in South Eastern and 720 in South Western segment. Prevalence of TF in South Western was 21.0%(95%CI:12.8%-29.2%) and South Eastern 21.8%(95%CI: 14.2%-29.3%). Prevalence of a dirty face in the South Eastern segment was 43.0%(95%CI: 35.9%-50.1%) and South Western segment 31.1%(95%CI: 24.4%37.9%). In 2011, 1,600 children were examined in two segments in Transmara district. The prevalence of TF inthe district was 10.6%(95%CI: 4.6%-16.5%), North Eastern segment 2.9%(95%CI:0%-6.5%)and South Western 18.3%(95%CI:7.9%-28.6%). The prevalence of dirty faces in Transmara West was 34.4%(95%CI:28.1%-40.6%) and in Transmara East 33.1%(95%CI:19.8%-46.4%). The South Western segment was incorporated in the Narok County trachoma control project. There were cross-border nomadic migrations between Narok County and Tanzania. Trachoma interventions in the Kenya and Tanzania were not harmonized. Conclusions: There was an impressive progress towards elimination of TF in Narok district between 2004 and 2010. Dirty faces, delayed interventions in Transmara district and cross-border migrations dampened the progress in the County. Laboratory testing is needed to verify occurrence of Chlamydia infection.

Delay along the care-seeking journey of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Kenya S Gichuhi, J Kabiru, A M'bongo, H Rono, E Ollando, J Wachira, R Munene, T Onyuma, M Sagoo, D Macleod, H Weiss, M Burton Objectives: To assess referral pathway and treatment delay for patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in Kenya. Design and Methods: Adults with conjunctival lesions presenting to four eye centres were asked about their occupations, when they noticed the growth, health facilities visited in seeking care, cost of consultation, surgery, medicines and histopathology and dates at each step. The time-to-presentation was divided into quartiles and correlates analysed using ordinal logistic regression. Results: We evaluated 158 first-time presenters with OSSN. Most were women (102 [65%]), living with HIV (78/110 tested [71%]), with low to medium income (127 [80%]). Most of the HIV patients (49/78 [63%]) were in antiretroviral care programs. About half (88/158, [56%]) presented directly to the study centres while the rest were referred. Indirect presenters sought care earlier than direct presenters (median 2.0 months vs 5.5 months) and travelled a shorter distance to the first health facility (median 20km vs 30km) but had surgery later (median 12.5 months vs 5.5 months). Visits beyond the first health facility for indirect presenters markedly increased delay (median 7.3, 29.0, 37.9, and 32.0 months for 1-4 facilities, respectively). Delay was associated with number of health facilities visited (adjusted ordered OR=9.12; 95%CI 2.83-29.4, p= 2 mm and