2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science. Gasification Panel Discussion September 16, 2009

2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September 16, 2009 1 2009 International C...
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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science

Gasification Panel Discussion September 16, 2009

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009 16 2009

Andras Horvath / Carbona Inc. • Affiliation: Director of Technology in Carbona Carbona, • Responsible for processes, gasification and gas cleanup g Carbona Inc. background: • Carbona is part of global Andritz Group • Part of Bioenergy Systems Business Unit of Andritz Carbona Inc Inc. profile: • BFB and CFB gasification of biomass and waste • Air and oxygen blown gasification at low and high pressure • Gas conditioning and cleanup • Related processes like fuel and ash handling, other auxiliary processes • Applications for processes in power, pulp & paper and chemical industries

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009 16 2009



Carbona is partner to UPM-Kymmene in biomass to liquid d development l t ƒ Carbona provides the Gasification Island for the BTL plant ƒ Achievements in development work: – Oxygen O blown bl gasification ifi ti off different diff t wood d fuels f l established and tested – Gas cleaning process established, process, equipment and materials selected selected, under testing – Equipment scale up established



The Biomass Gasification/Gas Engine Plant in Skive /Denmark provides almost full-size demonstration of the BTL Gasification Island

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009

BIOMASS TO LIQUID PROCESS: BTL PLANT

FUEL PREPARATION (storage, crushing, (storage crushing drying drying, etc. etc ) BIOMASS

GAS CONDITIONING (cooling, filtering, g, etc. ) reforming,

GAS PROCESSING AND CLEANUP (shift, scrubbing, etc.)

GAS TO LIQUID SYNTHESIS

BIODIESEL

SYNTHESIS GAS NAPTHA

GAS PRODUCTS GASIFIER OXYGEN

STEAM

GASIFICATION ISLAND

Carbona provides the Gasification Island for UPM-Kymmene BTL Plant for liquid fuel production of 100 000 t/a

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September p 16,2009 ,

GASIFICATION PLANT OF BTL

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009 16 2009 SUPPORT PROJECT FOR BTL DEVELOPMENT

SKIVE / DENMARK

BIOMASS, 28 MWth

GASIFIER

TO STACK

GAS FILTER

TAR REFORMER

2 BOILERS GAS SCRUBBER FLY ASH 2x10 MWth

3 GAS ENGINES

DISTRICT HEATING 11.5 MWth

WATER

GAS BUFFER TANK

AIR/STEAM

BOTTOM ASH

GAS COOLERS

POWER 3x2 MWe

WOOD PELLETS

BFB GASIFIER GAS ENGINES GAS BOILERS

FLARE

GAS BOILER

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science Gasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009 16 2009

F discussion: For di i



What is the feasible size of a BTL plant?



Flexible cogeneration of liquid and power in a BTL plant ?



Why to Wh t use wood d based b d biomass bi for f biodiesel bi di l production d ti instead of simple power generation by IGCC?

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BIOMASS GASIFICATION Bram van der Drift

www.ecn.nl

STATUS

• Gasification is “hot” hot and gaining interest (again) • Many, many gasification concepts exist, but… • Only few successful examples concerning:



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- gas cooling - gas cleaning - economics Success stories are characterized by: - close-coupled gasification-combustion (FW, PRME, …) - enough time and money (Vølund/Harboøre) - scientific support (Güssing)

International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science, Chicago, 16-18 september 2009

DISCUSSION ITEMS

• Biomass gasification: coal-based technology or biomass-dedicated?

• Pressure: does chemical industry wisdom apply? • Waste: real option or a political solution?

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International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science, Chicago, 16-18 september 2009

Bram van der Drift e: t: w:

[email protected] +31 224 56 4515 www.ecn.nl

PO Box 1 NL 1755 ZG Petten the Netherlands

publications: bli ti www.ecn.nl/publications l/ bli ti fuel composition database: www.phyllis.nl tar dew point calculator: www.thersites.nl IEA bioenergy/gasification: www.ieatask33.org www ieatask33 org Milena indirect gasifier: www.milenatechnology.com OLGA: www.olgatechnology.com / www.renewableenergy.nl SNG: www.bioSNG.com www bioSNG com and www.bioCNG.com www bioCNG com 4

International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science, Chicago, 16-18 september 2009

A Commercial Development Perspective on Biomass Gasification tcBiomass2009 Gasification Panel Discussion Craig Brown Sept 16, 2009 Chicago, IL

What is Catchlight Energy? ƒ 50-50 Joint venture of Weyerhaeuser and Chevron ¾ Created to commercialize large scale production of liquid transportation fuels from sustainable forest based resources ƒ Business Model ¾ Parents will fund R&D and provide capital for conversion plants ¾ Conversion technology both internally developed and licensed from 3rd parties

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Forest to Fuel Value Chain A Viable Business Model

Weyerhaeuser

Feedstocks at scale

Chevron Conversion technology

High quality fuels to customers

Catchlight Energy

End-to-end value chain solution Unique in the market

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We Recognize the Obstacles ƒ Key driving forces are outside our control ¾ Competing oil prices; federal incentives; policy ƒ Proven, commercially viable, conversion processes are not readily available today ¾ Initial focus of CLE will be R&D to discover, develop, and/or license the commercial solutions ƒ Achieving scale production of sustainable biomass consistent with billions of gpy of LTF – i.e. tens of millions tpy of biomass ¾ Build on Weyerhaeuser's land & forestry base, infrastructure ¾ Energy crops in conjunction with high value timber

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CLE view on biomass gasification The opportunity ¾ May be a good bet for early commercialization. ¾ Capable of handling diverse “forest-based” feedstocks ¾ Scaleable – 1000 to 3000 tpd biomass input is possible Some of the challenges ¾ Breaking through the demo and commercial hurdles ¾ Limited demo and commercial experience producing syngas ¾ Reducing capex and opex ¾ The tar problem ¾ Trace contaminants - Biomass gasification’s next “Achille’s heal”?

VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

Large-scale CFB and BFB Gasification from Power & Heat to Syngas applications Esa Kurkela, VTT, Finland

¾Air-blown CFB and BFB gasifiers in commercial use • • • •

Fuel flexible and robust gasifiers (boilers and kilns) Gas cooling and filtration developed for biomass and waste fuels IGCC development in 1990’s: gasification at 20 bar & hot filtration Catalytic reforming of tars for syngas applications

¾Industrial development projects for syngas • NSE Biofuels together with Foster Wheeler and VTT ¾ VTT PDU=>12 MW demo=>industrial plant • UPM together with Andritz and GTI ¾ GTI pilot tests, industrial plant in planning phase

New innovative technology Fuel-Flexible Fluidised-Bed Gasification -steam/oxygen -pressurised pressurised

Gas Cleaning

Ultra Cleanup

- tar & hydrocarbon reforming - chlorine & metal removal & filtration - dirty shift

-sulphur, NH3, HCN, halides, etc. - conventional processes available, optimisation needed

FT-diesel CH3OH Hydrogen SNG clean fuel gas to fuel cells

• Present pilot/demo projects huge investments on biomass gasification R&D • Success and Economics of BTL projects in 2010-15? • New technologies for power and heat applications •Simplified solutions

VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

Fundamental gasification R&D in 2008-2010

Critical R&D issues of biomass gasification • Ash behaviour and fuel reactivity of different biomass feedstocks with respect to different gasification processes (limits for real fuel flexibility) • Removal of particulates, alkali-metals alkali metals and chlorine by hot filtration (fundamental R&D, industrial-scale design and operation experience)

• Formation and behaviour of tars in gasifiers, gas coolers and filtration (still a long way to fundamental understanding)

• Removal of tars and ammonia by catalytic high-temperature systems or by advanced wet scrubbing (industrial experiences & further R&D) • High-quality process simulation and system analysis for different gasification applications (international co-operation?) • Robust on-line analytics from R&D labs to industrial gasification plants (rapid tar analysis developed by VTT, robust sampling lines and analysers needed) http://www.vtt.fi/research/technology/gasification_and_gas_cleaning.jsp

Biomass Gasification

Richard Bain TC Biomass 2009

S t 16 Sept. 16, 2009

NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC

Development Status: Upgrading and CHP Technologies

Source: IEA Bioenergy: ExCo:2009-05 National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Innovation for Our Energy Future

Development Status: Technologies for Biofuels

Source: IEA Bioenergy: ExCo:2009-05 National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Innovation for Our Energy Future

U.S Status

•Biopower •Commercial Commercial Projects (Nexterra (Nexterra, Front Line) •Small Scale Systems (CPC, Emery, Chiptec, other) •Biofuels •DOE Demonstrations •Range Fuels, Abengoa •Flambeau River •DOE R&D •Gas Cleanup (NREL, GTI, RTI, other) •Fuels Synthesis •Fundamentals

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Innovation for Our Energy Future

Challenges for Biomass Gasification Community

• Premise – Base technology (gasification and 1st generation cleanup) demonstrated and commercial (limited) • Technology developments needed to • Improve carbon utilization • Reduce capital intensity • Give competitive economics • Long term operations of integrated systems needed d d tto d develop l d data t necessary ffor commercial guarantees and warranties

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Innovation for Our Energy Future

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