19th Century “Western” Art THE MODERN ERA IS BORN
PRINT ART
ARCHITECTURE
Free public education in the US spreads literacy. Influences other artists
The engine is invented, factories mass produce products. Reinforced steel and prefabrication make it possible to build bigger faster & stronger.
Posada, Calavera de la Catrina. Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista,1910. zinc plate print, Mexico.
Roeblings. Brooklyn Bridge, NY. 1867-83. Invented twisted wire cable, instead of chain.
Hokusai, 36 Views of Mt. Fuji, 1831, wood cut print, Japan.
Paxton. Crystal Palace, London. 185051.
19th Century “Western” Art Art changes radically Modern Art begins
In 1826 Joseph-Nicephore Niepce is credited as the first to succeed at fixing a light image onto paper, PHOTOGRAPHY is born.
Alexander Gardner, Confederate Dead
Gathered for Burial, Antietam, September 1862. Civil War, 620,000 Americans are killed. When people see the photographs people are horrified at the reality of the bloodiness of the war.
Julia Margaret Cameron, I wait, 1872, British. Does celebrity portraits and mythical themes.
19th Century Art in Europe IMPRESSIONISM
With photography other artists are free to explore light, color, shape, form and feeling. Impressionists, interested in light, show an impression of the scene. The public is shocked. The art can not get shown at the government show, impressionists have their own show.
Claude Monet.
Water Lilies Giverny #1, 1899. French Mary Cassatt. Woman Preparing
to wash her Sleeping Child.1880. American living in France.
August Rodin. The Thinker. The original is a small part of a door. 1880. French.
Camille Claudel. The Waltz. 1892. Trained by Rodin she completed many of his works. Driven insane by a lack of recognition, people didn’t believe a woman could create sculptures.
19th Century Art in Europe POSTIMPRESSIONIST EXPRESSIONISTS
Impressionism opens the door to making art nonrepresentational, many styles emerge. Expressionism is born. Interested in expressing feelings more then being visually accurate.
“We want more than a mere photograph of nature. We do not want to paint pretty pictures for…room walls. We want to create or at least lay the foundations of, an art that gives something to humanity. An art that arrests and engages. An art created of one’s innermost heart.” -Edvard Munch, Norwegian (1863-1944)
Vincent Van Gogh. The Starry Night. 1889.
Edvard Munch. The Scream. 1893.
19th Century Art in Europe
POSTIMPRESSIONISM
Georges Seurat. A Sunday Afternoon
on the Island of La Grande Jatte. 1884-86 He uses “pointalism” little dots and a very scientific system to create the colors of this image.
Edouard Manet. Olympia. 1863. Classical style.
19th Century Art in Europe POSTIMPRESSIONIST SYMBOLISM
A symbolist uses images or colors that symbolize other meanings, like the mystery of life and death, joy, love etc.
Gustave Moreau. The Apparition. 1874-76.
Paul Gauguin. Day of the God. 1894.
19th Century Art in Europe NATURALISM & REALISM
With the end of monarchy comes a new subject for art, common people and places as they really are, not glamorized. JeanFrancois Millet.
The Gleaners. 1857. Gustave Courbet.The
Stone Breakers. 1849.
Francisco Goya. Third
of May, 1808.Shows the reality of war.
Thomas Cole. OxBow. 1836
19th Century “Western” Art Barbizon, Romantics, and Pre-Raphaelites
Reject the mathematical approach to art adopted in the Renaissance. Fantasy subjects and hand made are used.
Bouguereau . The
Eugene Delacroix.
First Kiss.
Women of Algeria.
1890.
1834.
William Morris.
Philip Webb.
Peacock and Dragon curtain.
1865
1878
Sussex Chair.
19th Century “Western” Art
Quiz
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What invention made it possible for painting and drawing to break-away from representing the seen world? When was photography invented? What is the name of the first modern art movement? List 3 Impressionists? List two artists from the Post-Impressionist arts movements and what style they painted in (expressionism, symbolism, pointalism, naturalism…). What makes it possible to build bigger stronger gravity defying structures faster? What is a symbolist? Name one.
