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Vol. 1 Iss. 2 Jul-Aug 2010

JULY-AUGUST 2010

INSIDE

The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency’s primary mission is to aid the security agencies by collecting, analysing and distributing geospatial information. Susan H. Meisner tells us more.

FEATURED ARTICLES Building a secure enterprise

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Vishal Dhupar Symantec India

Border surveillance is a major concern for security agencies around the world. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) helps make data collection across border areas feasible.

In today’s competitive world, protecting data is one of the major challenges before any company. CISO can be a possible solution Chairman MP Narayanan Editor and Publisher Sanjay Kumar

The asset manager

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Sanjay Ganjoo

Publication Team Director Publications Niraj Associate Editor Bhanu Rekha Assistant Editor Deepali Roy, Aditi Bhan Sub-Editor Anand Kashyap Product Manager Shivani Lal

IBM India IBM Maximo Asset and Service management system is built to help organisations manage their assets on a single software platform

Designed by TSA Effects www.tsa.in Circulation Team Circulation Manager Priyanka Ujwal, Vijay Kumar Singh

SECTIONS

EVENT REPORTS GIS Gaining momentum

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Printed and Published by Sanjay Kumar at Hi-Tech Offset Printers, S-39, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-II, New Delhi - 110020

News .................................4

Aditi Bhan

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GIS is steadily pushing its way into India’s security corridors

GIS Development Pvt Ltd A-145, Sector 63, Noida, India Tel +91 120 4612500 Fax +91 120 4612555/666

Events ............................ 35

Geo Intelligence does not necessarily subscribe to the views expressed in the publication. All views expressed in this issue are those of the contributors. The publication is not responsible for any loss to anyone due to the information provided.

July – August 2010

Connecting communities for a safer world

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Anand Kashyap

Cover image courtesy NGA

GeoIntelligence Asia 2010 brought together experts and visitors from around the world

geoIntelligence

NEWS Smartphones – the latest battle accessory Farnborough, UK: The rapidly growing use of sophisticated mobile applications is giving rise to a world where smartphones are likely to become the next weapon in the battlefield arsenal. Raytheon is reported to be developing software which would enable a soldier locate enemies in his surroundings using a mobile phone.

EB Tough VoIP system delivered EB, Elektrobit Corporation has delivered its EB Tough VoIP system to the Finnish Army. The army will commence an extensive series of field trials on the system during 2010 to evaluate its performance in varying military scenarios. EB will work with the Finnish Army during various testing phases throughout this year in order to meet system requirements and ensure proper usage. With new components such as broadband data communications, enhanced voice over IP services, and advanced functions designed specifically for ground forces, the system provides significant levels of increased performance and operational capabilities. In addition, it enables the Finnish Defence Forces to take a giant leap forward on the road to adopting a Network Centric Defence model. EB Tough VoIP can be used as a stand-alone system, or the solution units EB Tough VoIP Terminal and the EB Tough VoIP Network Extender can be integrated to a customers' existing communications infrastructure. The products can be leveraged in many ways, including: · Rugged and secure Voice over IP (VoIP) clients for military communications · Radio over IP (RoIP) clients · Tactical data radio environment · Demanding environments where limitations in communications can greatly affect operational capabilities

geoIntelligence

The software would be powerful enough to pick up aerial images from a satellite or an unmanned aircraft and then focus in on details such as license plates on cars or a person's facial features, reports Reuters. The US Army and the Indian military are potential customers for the software. In fact, some members of US Special Forces teams

are said to have tested the product and advised the company accordingly. Each handset, which has a colour touchscreen, would cost approx. USD 500 and Raytheon would be responsible for providing the encryption software and communications system necessary for the application to work in remote areas where signals do not exist. The report further states that the software would allow soldiers to track each others' movements in the battlefield, and help them identify potential enemies in a way similar to social networking sites such as Facebook. The company is also planning to install identity recognition software in the phones which will allow only select users to unlock them, thus preventing its misuse.

www.redorbit.com

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Northrop to supply navigation systems Northrop Grumman has been awarded a contract by the Italian shipyard Fincantieri to deliver two full navigation suites for the second pair of U212A class submarines being built for the Italian Navy. The navigation suites, comprising the PL41 Mk4 ring laser gyro inertial navigation system and the navigation data controller (NDC), will be supplied by the company's German navigation systems subsidiary, Northrop Grumman LITEF. The PL41 Mk4 is an advanced ring laser gyro inertial navigation system, suitable for operating on board modern naval vessels. The equipment is designed to provide continuous and automatic data outputs of ship's heading, attitude and heave, corresponding rates, geographical

position and velocity information. The PL41 Mk4 consists of the basic unit (BU) and a remote control and display unit (RCDU). The BU is an environmentally sealed cabinet, which contains the motion sensitive inertial sensors, processing electronics, input and output function, power and I/O distribution cable harnesses and supporting electronics. The RCDU is provided for operator interface. The navigation data controller (NDC) functions as a central navigation computer and interface control, monitoring and distribution unit, and features dual redundant ring-bus architecture. A dedicated intelligent interface reduces the master processor work load and increases the data throughput substantially. July – August 2010

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ComSatBw-2 launched successfully

SELEX wins Forza NEC contract

www.thalesgroup.com

uninterrupted communications between the government, military authorities and armed forces deployed anywhere in the world.

The second ComSatBw satellite, designed, built and integrated by Thales Alenia Space on behalf of EADS Astrium, was successfully launched recently. ComSatBw military communications satellites deliver key services for the German armed forces. They provide a secure broadband network guaranteeing

ComSatBw multi-mission geostationary satellites are based on the Thales Alenia Space Spacebus 3000B2 platform, and carry payloads comprising SHF (Super-HighFrequency), and UHF -transponders (Ultra-High-Frequency) provided by EADS Astrium. Weighing about 2,500 kg at launch, ComSatBw satellites offer 3.5 kW of power and a design life estimated at 15 years.

Netherlands uses CommBox After the successful installation and testing, The Royal Netherlands Navy, represented by the Netherlands Defense Academy training vessel Van Kinsbergen, is now using the CommBox solution delivered by Virtek Communication AS. “CommBox plays a significant role in our IT/Communication infrastructure and we chose this system because it gives us control of the data communication. We wanted to provide more communication possibilities for the crew, and due to the high level of control and compression that the CommBox system provides, the crew now have the ability to stay connected with their friends and family through roaming e-mail and web surfing,” said Captain Marcel de Wijn.

SELEX Sistemi Integrati, a Finmeccanica company, has signed a contract worth EUR 238 million with the Land Armaments General Directorate - Italian Ministry of Defence to supply the Italian armed forces with a digitised system known as Forza NEC (Network Enabled Capability). The aim of the Forza NEC programme is to modernise the armed forces using technology that will make it possible to exchange the maximum amount of operational, tactical and logistical information from each vehicle or individual deployed in the field. SELEX Sistemi Integrati signed the five-year contract in its role as main supplier, system integrator and lead company in the definition of the overall system architecture. The programme will also involve other Finmeccanica companies such as SELEX Communications, SELEX Galileo, Elsag Datamat, Oto Melara, AgustaWestland and MBDA Italia. Other members of the industrial alliance include Elettronica, Iveco, Engineering Ingegneria Informatica, the IvecoOto Melara consortium and the temporary consortium Soldato Futuro.

www.virtek.no

The contract covers the manufacture and integration of command posts in shelters and vehicles, communication, command and control devices for soldiers (under the Soldato Futuro programme), unmanned vehicles equipped with sensors, and systems offering full interoperability between the Italian armed forces and the forces of other countries. A test laboratory consisting of numerous military centres connected in a network will also be constructed and delivered.

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Lockheed to supply airborne surveillance system Lockheed Martin has been awarded a four-year contract to supply the Finnish Air Force with an airborne surveillance system and associated ground systems. The value of this contract is approximately USD 100 million.

communications terminals to support the airborne system. Lockheed Martin which will work closely with Finnish Industry, will be supported by Patria Oy, Rockwell Collins, DRS Technologies, Applied Signal Technology, AdamWorks, and L3 Communications in this programme.

Courtesy: Lockheed Martin

Under this agreement, Lockheed Martin will modify an EADS CASA C-295 turboprop aircraft to accommodate an advanced

surveillance system. A key attribute of the system will be an open and modular architecture to allow future system upgrades to be easily added and readily reconfigured to support evolving mission needs. This approach ensures an up-to-date system throughout the life cycle using an innovative technology road mapping process. Lockheed Martin’s team will also provide ground stations and

EADS to implement RIFAN programme After being awarded the RIFAN stage 2 contract in 2008 and completing the preliminary design phase, EADS Defence & Security and its consortium have received the go-ahead from the French defence procurement agency DGA to implement the system and provide initial support. While EADS Defence & Security is the prime contractor, DCNS and Rohde & Schwarz are co-contractors for the project. Valued at approx EUR 50 million, the objective of this contract is to design, implement and deploy an updated version of the IP communication network for the French Naval Aviation force. It includes an initial three-year on-condition maintenance (OCM) agreement and identifies conditional phases of recurrent annual OCM over five supplementary years. RIFAN stage 2 is part of a logic for digitising the operational space of the French Naval Aviation force and is one of the steps in the ongoing process to improve the force’s information exchange capabilities.

geoIntelligence

New system for tactical communication Raytheon is introducing the new Enhanced Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Radio System (EMARS) to provide netted communications and tactical data for coalition interoperability. Available for coalition forces, EMARS delivers easy-to-use and proven capabilities for seamless coalition use on vehicular and dismounted applications. EMARS brings together Raytheon's proven Enhanced Position Location Reporting System-XF-I and MicroLight DH500 handheld radio and leverages the company's integral MANET (mobile ad-hoc networking) technology. The tactical system automatically and continually adapts to network changes, including those in challenging urban environments. It provides a wireless, Internet Protocol capability network that implements Advanced Encryption Standard encryption over an extended frequency range. The system also uses the most advanced EPLRS waveform available for simultaneous voice, video, data and critical position location information. With more than 25,000 units fielded across the US armed services, Canada and Australia, EPLRS is one of the most widely used tactical wireless networks today.

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Rockwell Collins to provide Ground System Rockwell Collins, along with team members BAE Systems AeI and Insta DefSec Oy, has been selected by the Finnish Air Force to provide a Link 16 ground system that will allow the establishment, control and operation of Link 16 networks. The system will support timely exchange of command and control information and situational data between the Air Defence Command and Control system, aircraft and other Link 16-equipped assets. It will also

provide intelligent control of multiple Link 16 networks across the country. "This technology will provide the Finnish Air Force with key networking capability that will enable pilots to identify friendly and enemy aircraft while enhancing command and control for greater mission success," said Alan Caslavka, vice president and general manager of Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence Solutions for Rockwell Collins.

A key component in the Link 16 ground system is the Rockwell Collins Rosetta technology, which simplifies sensor and data link management, providing enhanced situational awareness for successful tactical operations. Equally integral to the team's solution is BAE Systems AeI's world leading Link 16 network management capability. The incountry integrated support solution will be supplied by the third team member, Insta Defsec Oy.

AW and Thales unveil enhanced ASaC AgustaWestland, a Finmeccanica company, and Thales recently unveiled an enhanced Airborne Surveillance and Control (ASaC) capability. The low cost, low risk capability builds upon the combat proven Sea King Mk7 ASaC Cerberus mission system and Searchwater 2000 radar, to provide enhanced operational effectiveness through the use of the next generation AgustaWestland AW101 helicopter. AgustaWestland and Thales have teamed up to explore the potential for this capability in advance of the keenly expected MoD requirement to replace the Sea King Mk7 ASaC aircraft after its planned retirement in 2016.

successful ASaC platform which has proved itself over land and sea. Thales looks forward to working with AgustaWestland to develop a proposal to transfer our Cerberus mission system to the AW101 platform. I am confident this will offer our customer a low cost, low risk method of delivering ASaC well into the future with no capability gap”. The palletised Searchwater 2000 radar is deployed through the rear ramp aperture when in operation and stows in the cabin when not in use, enabling rapid transit between tasking. Two aft-facing modernised mission crew

stations are located at the forward end of the cabin. The following key features and benefits are also included: • Long range, look up/look down air, land and sea capability • Human Machine Interface optimised for two man operation • Fully integrated Link 16 Command and Control capability • Modern platform extends 360 degree radar horizon and significantly increases mission range and endurance The palletised ASaC equipment also enables a front line re-role capability delivering greater aircraft utility.

Nick Whitney, Senior VP UK Government Business Unit, AgustaWestland, said “The AgustaWestland solution will deliver an enhanced, cost effective and low risk capability which exemplifies the role of an ASaC capability fit for the 21st century. The solution we have developed capitalises on the substantial investment already made by the MoD in both the helicopter and the excellent Thales Cerberus mission system and radar.” Ed Lowe, Chief Operating Officer of Thales UK said, “Sea King Mk 7 is a highly

July – August 2010

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Radio with integrated GPS

www.wireless2way.com.au

EADS Defence & Security recently introduced its Fortecor TEDS radio. Designed for vehicle, office or integrated use, the compact TEDS data radio provides unprecedented possibilities for integration and connectivity. These include the direct

IP (Internet Protocol) connectivity via Ethernet as well as via standard USB. For traditional use, input and output lines as well as serial port connections are also available. The new radio with integrated GPS enables high speed location based services such as transmission of maps with real-time updated position information for enhanced situational awareness. For example, the product can help a

Lockheed Martin will compete for orders within the contract ceiling of USD 502 million from 2010 through 2017, inclusive of a four year option period.

Lockheed to compete for Common Computing Environment Lockheed Martin is one of the companies selected by the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (SPAWAR) to compete for future orders under the Common Afloat Local Area Network Infrastructure (CALI) indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity (IDIQ) multiple award contracts.

Under the CALI IDIQ, contractors will sustain Navy computing network systems for the next seven years until the Navy’s new Consolidated Afloat Network Enterprise Services (CANES) programme is operational. CALI provides command, control, computing, communication and intelligence support for US Navy ships and submarines. The contract covers the procurement of common computing environment components, integrated logistics support, configuration management, test and evaluation, quality assurance and installation support. For the CALI programme, Lockheed Martin has partnered with small businesses in San Diego, including Epsilon Systems, System Technology Institute, and BlueTech, Inc.

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rescue operation's leader receive floor plans or real time video from the target destination on his mobile computer. "I'm proud of this major achievement: delivering our promise and bringing the world's first TEDS radio available to the market, a radio that transforms TETRA to a mission critical data service," said Dirk Borkchardt, Head of Security & Communication Solutions at EADS Defence & Security.

Boeing bids for US Army's EMARSS The Boeing Company has submitted a proposal to deliver an affordable airborne intelligence collection, processing and targeting support system to the US Army. The Enhanced Medium-Altitude Reconnaissance and Surveillance System (EMARSS) is being procured by the Army’s Programme Executive Office (PEO) for intelligence, electronic warfare and sensors. The Army's EMARSS request for proposals calls for a persistent capability to detect, locate, classify/identify, and track surface targets in day or night, nearall-weather conditions with a high degree of timeliness and accuracy. The service is expected to announce the award in late September. “Boeing has a deep appreciation for the challenges soldiers face in Iraq and Afghanistan and understands the critical and urgent capability that EMARSS will bring into theater,” said Dennis Muilenburg, President and CEO, Boeing Defense, Space & Security. The EMARSS system will consist of a commercial derivative aircraft equipped with an electro-optic/infrared full motion video sensor, a communications intelligence collection system, an aerial precision guidance system, line-ofsite tactical and beyond line-of-site communications suites, two operator workstations and a self-protection suite. EMARSS will operate as a single platform in support of tactical missions.

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Lockheed to produce equipment for AMF JTRS that will provide joint forces with seamless, secure, wideband mobile communications. To date, the total for exercised contract options for additional AMF JTRS equipment is approximately USD 35 million.

Lockheed Martin has received additional contract options that increase the quantity of equipment being produced for the Airborne, Maritime/ Fixed Station Joint Tactical Radio System (AMF JTRS). AMF JTRS is an encrypted Internet-Protocol network

Under these options, exercised by the US Army and the US Air Force, Lockheed Martin team will produce more than 150 pieces of additional equipment, including pre-production small airborne radio models, management and control units, power amplifiers and radio ancillaries. The team includes BAE Systems, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman and Raytheon.

Finmeccanica awarded EUR 180 million contracts Finmeccanica has been awarded contracts worth EUR 180 million (approx) through its companies SELEX Sistemi Integrati, AgustaWestland and Telespazio.

www.finmeccanica.com

As per the agreement, Finmeccanica companies will develop a national security and surveillance system for the Republic of Panama, that is, a coastal monitoring and control system to be developed by SELEX Sistemi Integrati and the supply of six AgustaWestland AW139 helicopters in various configurations for the Panamanian National Aeronaval Service. In addition, Telespazio, through its subsidiary company Telespazio Argentina, will provide the digital cartography of

July – August 2010

the whole country for the Tommy Guardia National Geographic Institute. The contract is the result of an agreement signed by Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and the President of the Republic of Panama Ricardo Martinelli at the summit of member countries of the Central American Integration System (SICA) recently. The two leaders had agreed to work together in their fight against organised crime and drug-trafficking. Pier Francesco Guarguaglini, Chairman and CEO of Finmeccanica, said, “It constitutes a reference model for the integration of systems and platforms built by the group that will affect the entire Central and South American region and is one of the most advanced high-tech and commercial offer in the world in the area of border security and the fight against organised crime.”

Once completely fielded, AMF JTRS will link more than 100 platforms, providing connectivity to areas where no communication infrastructure previously existed. Since its capability is defined digitally in software, and signal processing is handled by a programmable computer, AMF JTRS can interface with legacy radios, waveforms and systems. Waveforms slated to be integrated into the AMF JTRS network include Wideband Networking Waveform, Soldier Radio Waveform, Mobile User Objective System, UHF SATCOM, Link-16, Single Channel Ground-Air Radio System, HAVEQUICK I/II, VHF FM, UHF line-of-sight AM, and UHF FM/PSK/CPM.

Lockheed develops tactical handheld device Lockheed Martin has developed a ruggedised, tactical handheld device for dismounted soldiers. The Tactical Digital Assistant (TDA) provides unprecedented situational awareness, command and control, and blue force tracking capabilities to brigade and below forces. TDA allows dismounted soldiers to maintain secure communications and exchange vital position and situational awareness data with mounted forces in an operational environment. Its intuitive user interface supports shared full motion video and sensor command and control. Unlike similar commercial technology, the TDA’s ruggedised design can withstand harsh operational environments. The TDA interfaces with both fielded US Army Force XXI Battle Command Brigade and Below (FBCB2) and emerging Joint Battle CommandPlatform systems. An open architecture provides flexibility for future growth, including new applications and increased memory requirements. The TDA is compatible with current FBCB2 software and provides the flexibility to host the Google Android operating system. geoIntelligence

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Northrop selected for Joint Logistics System

Harris is the prime contractor for the Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity MET contract with a five-year base period plus a five-year option period. The MET contract is valued at a potential USD 600 million, including the base and option periods. This brings total MET orders for Harris to USD 153 million since the programme was awarded in April 2009.

Northrop Grumman has received a delivery order under the Encore II contracting vehicle to advance interoperability between combat support (CS) and command and control (C2) systems and produce an integrated picture of the battlespace for the combatant command and joint task force commanders to plan, execute and control logistics operations.

Under this contract, Harris will supply additional terminals — large fixed terminals, large fixed terminals with High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) protection, and transportable terminals of the standard and hardened configurations. The order also includes four options that would encompass new development of a small fixed terminal, a large fixed radome, an enhanced interactive electronic technical manual, and training simulation hardware.

Northrop Grumman was awarded a cost plus award fee/firm fixed-price delivery order contract from the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) with the initial award of USD 15 million and options that, if exercised, would raise the total value to more than USD 95 million. The contract has one-year base period and four one-year award terms.

Under the MET programme, managed by the Project Manager,

Under the contract, Northrop Grumman will manage development and continue transitioning the GCSS-J application to a service-oriented architecture to improve capabilities and provide dynamic interoperability, allowing information sharing in near-real time, between joint CS and C2 systems including Network Centric Enterprise Services (NCES). Its team will develop software and as system integrator, integrate third-party developed software, commercial-off-theshelf software, and open source software onto a secure data center system. The team will also incorporate legacy data sources to provide joint logistics situational awareness in a common knowledge management environment.

Defense Communications and Army Transmission Systems (PM DCATS), Harris will replace up to 80 AN/ GSC-52, AN/GSC-39, AN/FSC78 and other aging strategic satellite communications terminals with new X-band or simultaneous X- and Ka-band terminals. The terminals will interface with the new Wideband Global Satellite constellation, as well as with legacy satellite systems. The company also will support field activities such as site preparation, installation, test, operations and maintenance.

Integral Systems awarded US contract Integral Systems recently announced that its wholly-owned subsidiary, RT Logic has been awarded USD 13.1 million, multi-year contract by the United States Government to modernise a major data communications network.

AAVs upgraded Parvus recently announced that its DuraMAR 1000 routers and DuraNET 2955 Ethernet switches are now installed in an Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAV) in support of a SPAWARSYSCEN Atlantic / US Navy technology refresh programme to enhance onboard vehicle network-centric capabilities. The units were shipped last year. Both the DuraMAR and the DuraNET 2955 Ethernet switch subsystems are ruggedised versions of Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) Cisco Systems 3230 and 2955 Series products. These units leverage best in class mobile network routing and Ethernet switch technology from Cisco to deliver secure data, voice and video communications to stationary and mobile network nodes across wired and wireless networks and/or in-vehicle network communications. Both units feature a hardened aluminum chassis with MIL-C-38999 connectors and MILSTD-810F environmental compliance to extreme temperature, shock, vibration, and other conditions common to military deployments.

Harris selected for MET programme

According to company, these next-generation military satellite communications terminals will provide the worldwide backbone for high-priority military communications and missile defense systems. geoIntelligence

www.parvus.com

Harris Corporation has received an order for advanced satellite terminals under the US Army's Modernisation of Enterprise Terminals (MET) programme. The order is worth USD 55 million.

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RT Logic will supply its T500MX multiplexers, which are designed to interface legacy digital and analog signals to modern network backbones. RT Logic's COTS server-based multiplexer systems are widely deployed by NASA, the Department of Defense (DoD) and other critical availability networks.

Intergraph expands its platform Intergraph has expanded its Motion Video Exploitation solution, a powerful platform that enables defence and military analysts to geospatially integrate video with multiple intelligence sources to provide situational awareness and actionable intelligence. Intergraph GeoMedia Motion Video Analyst Professional, a full-motion video analysis product, empowers military, coalition forces and agencies to exploit and analyse full motion video from UAVs and other moving vehicles, and combines with image analysis and surface analysis products to provide unprecedented situational awareness and strategic decision making capabilities.

The Motion Video Exploitation solution allows users to geospatially integrate full-motion video with multiple sources of intelligence data and facilitates the analysis of all types of geospatial intelligence including raster maps, vector data, motion video, satellite imagery and signal intelligence. Additionally, users’ clipmarks and annotations are stored within the system allowing for easy retrieval, based on a query of location, time or any attribute of the video. With the Motion Video Exploitation solution, agencies can integrate and fuse full motion video with other data formats to generate a complete, three-dimensional operational picture.

CapRock wins USD 47 million contracts CapRock Government Solutions has been awarded four multimillion dollar contracts to provide managed network services and more than 400MHz of commercial satellite capacity to four separate US Government agencies. The contracts run through 2013 and include requirements for bandwidth, teleport and backhaul services on Ku and X-band networks.

Raytheon to advance Patriot capabilities Raytheon has been awarded a contract to supply spares for the existing Patriot systems. The agreement is part of upgrades to Configuration-3 of the Patriot Air and Missile Defence System for Taiwan and Kuwait.

Courtesy: Raytheon

The contract, worth USD 73 million, is the first of its kind for international Patriot partners and combines the spares requirements of both countries, Taiwan and Kuwait. The spares will support the upgrade and operation of existing Patriot systems fielded by both countries. This deal from the US Army and Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, is the fourth order placed as part of a five-year Basic Ordering Agreement for

July – August 2010

Foreign Military Sales of Patriot-system spares. Raytheon IDS is the prime contractor for both domestic and international Patriot Air and Missile Defense Systems and system integrator for Patriot Advanced Capability-3 missiles.

Services provided by CapRock will be used to support a range of missions including airborne intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), tactical field-deployed communications and continuity of operations. The company manages a network of 4GHz of capacity on 63 satellites and operates four self-owned teleports in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. To support the global operations of its clients, the company runs eleven regional support centers and four Network Operations Centers in different parts of the world. CapRock offers its comprehensive value-added products and services under a variety of contract vehicles including all four current satellite services contracts (DSTS-G, GSA, INMARSAT and SATCOM-II) that will eventually fold into the upcoming Future Commercial Satcom Acquisition (FCSA) programme.

SAIC awarded Technology Expertise Contract Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) has been awarded a contract by the US Department of Defense (DoD), Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), to provide technical services to help secure mission critical data and strengthen sharing capabilities of DoD and other government agencies. The multiple award, indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity contract has a one-year base period of performance, four one-year options and a ceiling value of USD 2 billion. Under the Software, Networks, Information and Modeling and Simulation contract, the SAIC SNIM Team, inclusive of key large and small businesses and academic centers of excellence, will deliver software data and analysis, information assurance, modelling and simulation, knowledge management and information sharing services. "SAIC has a long history of providing support to research, development, and test and evaluation activities," said Larry Cox, SAIC Senior Vice President and geoIntelligence

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Business Unit General Manager. "The services we provide under this contract will support these important efforts in the defence community, and help meet an expanding need to integrate, share and secure data used to meet national security objectives."

Esri and NGA form alliance Esri and the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency (NGA) recently announced the formation of a strategic alliance to strengthen national geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) capabilities. The alliance will provide a framework to advance the strategic goals and objectives of the National System for Geospatial Intelligence (NSG) in

geospatial sciences and systems and computer science. “We have successfully collaborated with the NGA for more than two decades,” said Jack Dangermond, Esri president. “This new initiative will permit us to continue work together on projects that will use and improve on geospatial technology, thereby strengthening our country’s national security. We are honoured to partner with NGA in this important endeavour.” The NSG is a unified community of GEOINT experts, producers and users organised around the goal of integrating technology, policies, capabilities, and doctrine to produce GEOINT in a multi-intelligence

environment. The NGA, as the functional manager for the NSG, provides strategic thinking, guidance and direction to the intelligence community concerning all aspects of GEOINT, from acquisition to utilisation. The NGA collaborates with its mission partners to ensure that accurate and timely GEOINT is a part of decision making and operations where and when it is needed. The agreement underscores the critical role geospatial technology plays in GEOINT within the national security community, which provides geographic information system (GIS) products, services and analysis to intelligence officers and decision makers.

Boeing begins flight-testing B-1 Boeing recently announced the start of flight tests for a B-1 Lancer bomber upgraded with new digital avionics for the aft cockpit, including a line-of-sight Link 16 data link. The B-1 Fully Integrated Data Link (FIDL) made its first flight test at Edwards Air Force Base, California. The four-hour flight was conducted by the US Air Force.

mission assignment data such as target coordinates for a weapon.

The crew successfully tested the Link 16 data link by sending and receiving text messages and receiving virtual

"Link 16 will allow the B-1 to be an active participant in a network that is commonly used by fighter,

The entire Air Force fleet of 66 B-1s is expected to receive the FIDL upgrade.

www.wikipedia.org

Link 16 adds line-of-sight capability to the B-1's existing beyond lineof-sight Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP) data link, and integrates the JREAP data onto new, full-colour displays with intuitive symbols and moving maps.

reconnaissance and command-andcontrol aircraft," said Mark Angelo, B-1 programme manager for Boeing. "With Link 16, target coordinates can be sent directly to the weapon system from ground troops or forward operating bases, instead of the current method, where crew members type the coordinates in by hand after hearing them over the radio."

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Design for key subsystem completed A s leader for the Warfighter Information Network – Tactical (WIN-T) Increment 3 Transmission Subsystem, Lockheed Martin has successfully completed a n In Process Review (IPR) for the c ritical design of the next phase of the Increment 3 Transmission Subsystem. Increment 3 continues d evelopment of the components n eeded to meet the full range of n etwork capacity, security, and full on-the-move capabilities for t he Army’s modular force. The t ransmission subsystem provides t he foundation for the network’s d ynamic capability to transfer d ata over a highly dispersed, noncont co ntig igguo uous us are reaa .

July – August 2010

This review assessed design maturity of all hardware, software, and firmware elements of the Transmission Subsystem, which includes advanced components for both satellite and terrestrial communications at-the-halt and on-the-move (multi-channel radios, antennas, and communications waveforms). With the completion of this IPR, the team moves into the build and test phase for the Transmission Subsystem components that form the tactical communications network. General Dynamics C4 Systems is the prime systems integrator for WIN-T whose team members incl in clud udee Lo Lock ckhe heed ed Mar arti tin n, BAE

Systems, Harris Corporation, L-3 Communications, Cisco Systems and Juniper Networks. The WIN-T programme consists of four increments. Increment 1 is the Army’s enterprise network for deployed forces. Increment 2 enables initial mobile networking for divisions, brigade combat teams, battalions and companies. Increment 3 connects a three-tiered architecture;; traditional line-of-sight, airborne and satellites to provide a full suite of mobile networking capabilities. Increment 4 is envisioned to add protected satellite transmission capabilities for on-the-move and attheth e-ha halt lt ope p ra rati tion onss.

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Satellites successfully track Interceptor The Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS) Demonstration satellites, built by Northrop Grumman and Raytheon, successfully detected and tracked

a two-stage Ground-Based Interceptor (GBI) during a US Missile Defence Agency flight test. Tracking data generated by the satellite sensors were transmitted to the Missile Defense Integration and Operation Center in Colorado Springs, Colorado, which serves as the ground station for the two demonstration spacecraft.

The missile tracking capability being demonstrated by the STSS Demonstration programme will mature technologies and concepts of operation for an operational constellation. The operational constellation will be designed to enable earlier intercepts of threat missiles in flight and to significantly improve the nation's missile defence capabilities for its homeland, deployed forces, friends and allies.

ARTEMIS for military use

“The ARTEMIS hyperspectral imager gives military commanders an important new advantage in the asymmetric battlefield,” said Bill Hart, vice president for Raytheon Space Systems. “ARTEMIS can detect various man-made and natural materials, which adds a fundamentally new capability for the DoD.” Unlike visible imagers, hyperspectral sensors capture light across a wide swath of the electromagnetic spectrum, providing unprecedented spectral detail. That spectral information produces a distinct ‘signature’, which can be compared against the spectral signatures of known objects to rapidly identify potential areas of interest. The ARTEMIS hyperspectral imager

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combines spectral information with geo-location coordinates in an easy-toread map. This information is then sent directly to troops on the ground in near real time. “Air Force Space Command looks forward to taking ownership of the TacSat-3 ARTEMIS system,” said Lt. Col. Ryan Pendleton, Air Force Space Command, Chief, Operationally Responsive Space Integration. “We plan to operationalise the system as soon as possible to provide direct benefit to warfighters.” TacSat-3 originated as part of the US Department of Defense's operationally responsive space initiative, which seeks to give field commanders flexible, affordable options for obtaining real-time tactical surveillance data from space. Aided by the ORS Office, and led by the Air Force Research Laboratory, the TacSat-3 programme was designed to demonstrate the feasibility of developing and launching a military payload within extremely tight schedule and budget constraints.

concepts of operation for future ORS systems and demonstrates how great things can be achieved on a small budget and in a short time,” said Dr. Peter Wegner, director of the Pentagon’s ORS Office. “It has also demonstrated the utility of hyperspectral information to benefit soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines around the world.” Raytheon is discussing with several government customers opportunities for rapidly deploying additional hyperspectral space sensors. “Based on our experience on TacSat-3, we're ready to build operational hyperspectral systems like ARTEMIS quickly and affordably,” said Hart.

www.losangeles.af.mil

Raytheon's hyperspectral imaging sensor, ARTEMIS is being prepared for a ‘first-of-its-kind’ tactical military role by the Air Force Space Command. The company's Advanced Responsive Tactically Effective Military Imaging Spectrometer has successfully completed its one-year experimental mission aboard the Air Force Research Laboratory's Tactical Satellite-3. Based on the success of that mission, Raytheon has been notified that the Air Force Space Command will take control of TacSat-3 with the intent to use ARTEMIS in an operational capacity.

“TacSat-3 has been a pathfinder to explore

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Paramilitary receives GIS training

BAE to open office in Jordan BAE Systems will open an office in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to support its ongoing business with the Jordanian Armed Forces and collaborative activities with the King Abdullah Design and Development Bureau (KADDB). The office will complement the network of offices the company operates across the region and will be used as the focal point for business in Jordan and neighbouring countries. The office is expected to be fully operational by the end of the year.

The Disaster Management Studies Centre, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU), New Delhi, recently completed five-day training course of paramilitary forces. The course involved satellite data reading and interpretation of GIS for areas and rocky terrains. The batch comprised about 30 officers mainly drawn from CRPF, ITBP and BSF. The training is likely to benefit paramilitary forces who are fighting Naxals in the thick jungles and other inhospitable terrains. Currently, the CRPF, BSF and ITBP are the three paramilitary forces engaged in fighting Maoists and the lack of knowledge of topography and geographical features are hindering their operations.

Thales’s Satcom for Korea Thales and Samsung Thales have been selected by the German submarine shipbuilder HDW as the providers of the X-band Satcom Terminal for the six Type 214 submarines to be delivered to the Republic of Korea’s Navy as part of the KSS II Batch 2 programme.

The delivered system is issued from Thales’s DIVESAT technology and belongs to the second generation of submarine Satcom Terminals manufactured by Thales. It is available in two versions, one fitted with a 40 cm antenna and the other fitted with a 75 cm antenna, both addressing the

market of new submarines as well as the retrofit market. The two of them are capable of operation at different frequency bands (X, Ku, Ka or EHF) and can deliver unprecedented data throughput capabilities to navies, worldwide. The DIVESAT solution follows the former generation introduced in the late 1980s, which has demonstrated decades of troublefree operation.

www.militaryphotos.net

Thales will export its most advanced SATCOM technology for submarines application to its partner, Samsung Thales, providing the key elements of the outboard unit to be installed on the top of the Type 214 SATCOM communication mast. The Satcom

terminal delivers high tracking performances even in extreme environment. It also guarantees highlevel integrated communications, offering the latest innovations in terms of data rate requirements for voice and data transmission.

July – August 2010

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India to invest USD 80 bn in defence: Report India is likely to spend about USD 80 billion on defence acquisitions in the next five years (2010-15). While developed economies like the UK and the US are cutting their expenditure on defence in 2010-11, India's spending in this regard is budgeted at USD32 billion. These are some of the findings of the report published by Deloitte. Andrei Ghergar (www.sxc.hu)

"The sheer volume of planned expenditure is expected to create new opportunities for global aerospace and defence (A&D) companies, as total spending will grow in absolute terms," said Kumar Kandaswami, Deloitte

(India) Leader Manufacturing Industry. "Decrease in defence spending by developed countries would require smarter use of the remaining funds in order to develop and deploy the technologies needed to counter more sophisticated adversaries," said General Charles Wald, Deloitte LLP Director and Senior Advisor to the A&D sector. The report also noted that defence companies are generating new revenues from sources like mission capability software integration, battle space simulation, precision engagement, threat identification, and energy and infrastructure security, among others.

Praetorian and Savi join hands Praetorian has contracted with Lockheed Martin’s Savi Technology to leverage Savi’s existing wireless cargo tracking network in Pakistan.

data from wireless monitoring devices affixed to containers or assets. Its active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags can be equipped with sensors to monitor security breaches, temperature or humidity, and can be linked with Satellite Communications or Global Positioning (GPS) systems to provide continuous visibility anywhere, anytime.

Robert Linder (www.sxc.hu)

Praetorian plans to integrate Savi’s realtime

information into its own system as a value-added service to improve visibility on location, security and condition of both defence and commercial shipments transported throughout the country. Savi’s software is effective in performing these functions as it can receive real-time

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July – August 2010

NEW APPOINTM ENTS UK Army gets new boss

US

Military Secretary Branch. Before taking up his new assignment, Lt Gen Nayanar was the General Officer in Commandant School of Artillery.

NGA gets new Director

PAKISTAN

www.rusi.org

Rear Admiral Khalid Amin is the new Commander Logistics of the Pakistan Navy (PN). Acccording to Daily Times, Amin would be in charge of all construction and repair facilities, logistic units and depots. General Sir Peter Wall will be the new Chief of the General Staff. He will take over from General Sir David Richards in September this year. Gen Wall joined the Army in 1974 with the Royal Engineers (RE) before studying engineering at Cambridge. He saw early service in Belize, Rhodesia, Germany and Hong Kong. Staff posts included Chief of Staff of 5 Airborne Brigade, a Military Adviser post in MOD, Project Manager in Abbey Wood, Chief of Staff of the UK National Contingent HQ for Op TELIC 1, and Deputy Chief of Joint Operations (Ops) in the Permanent Joint Headquarters. In July 2009 he moved from Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Operations) in MOD to Commander-in-Chief Land Forces in Wilton.

INDIA Lt Gen Vinod Nayanar appointed DG Artillery Lt Gen Vinod Nayanar, AVSM assumed charge as Director General (Artillery) on 1 August, 2010. He took over from Lt Gen KR Rao, PVSM, AVSM, VSM who retired on 31 July 2010. Lt Gen Nayanar held many prestigious command and staff positions besides serving in various capacities in counter insurgency environment in J&K. While at the Integrated Headquarters of Ministry of Defence (Army), he served in Directorate of Financial Planning and July – August 2010

Rear Admiral Amin, a graduate of the PN War College and National Defence College, Islamabad, was commissioned in the engineering branch of the navy in 1975. Since then, he has held several command and staff positions, including Captain Fleet Maintenance Group, Fleet Marine Engineering Officer, Director Ship Maintenance and Repairs Assistant, Chief of Naval Staff (Maintenance) and Managing Director PN Dockyard. His major appointments are Director General Defence Purchase at Ministry of Defence Production and Director General Maritime Technologies Complex. In recognition of his services, Amin has been awarded Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Military).

PHILIPPINES New army chief appointed Major General Arturo B. Ortiz has been appointed as the new commanding general of the Philippine Army. Ortiz took over from Lt. Gen. Reynaldo Mapagu, who has been promoted as Vice Chief of Staff of Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). Ortiz is the 53rd chief of the Army, the main force of AFP. Prior to this appointment, Ortiz was the Commander of the Special Operations Command (SOCOM) of the Philippine Army. A member of the Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Ortiz has received many medals – prominent among them is the Medal for Valor, which he received in 1990. The Medal of Valor is the highest military award given by the AFP.

Courtesy: NGA

Navy appoints commander logistics

Letitia A. Long has been appointed as the new Director of the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency (NGA). Long succeeds Vice Adm. Robert B. Murrett. The Director of NGA serves as both the DNI’s (Director of National Intelligence) principal advisor and the Intelligence Community’s functional manager for geospatial intelligence. Long began her federal civilian career with the Navy in 1978 as a project engineer in training with the David Taylor Research Center. She then joined the staff of the Director of Naval Intelligence where she managed Intelligence Research and Development programmes. Long was selected into the senior intelligence executive service in 1994. For two years, she was on rotational assignment from Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) to the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) as director of military intelligence staff director. In 1996, she joined DIA as the deputy director for information systems and services. She was also DIA’s first Chief Information Officer. She also served in the positions of deputy director of Naval Intelligence (2000-2003) and the director of Central Intelligence’s Executive Director for Intelligence Community Affairs (1998-2000). Long was the deputy under secretary of Defense for Policy, Requirements and Resources from 2003 until 2006. She most recently served as the deputy director of the Defense Intelligence Agency from 2006 to 2010. geoIntelligence

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INTERVIEW

Susan H. Meisner Media Relations Public Affairs Office National GeospatialIntelligence Agency

Above: The InnoVision Directorate at NGA’s Persistent Surveillance Lab provides a highly collaborative and flexible environment geared to support multiple agencies. Pictured here is an example of an immersive exploitation work station.

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The United States romance with geospatial world began almost a century back. It was during World War I that aerial photography was recognised as a major contributor in gaining battlefield intelligence. Soon, it led to the birth of a different genre of information combining the techniques of imagery and mapping. Sensing the opportunity, US military was quick to form dedicated units to gather geographic intelligence or geointelligence. So while army formed Army Map Service (AMS) (which was later renamed US Army Topographic Command (USATC)), Air Force established its Map Unit, which was renamed Aeronautical Chart Plant (ACP) and gradually became the US Air Force Aeronautical Chart and Information Center (ACIC). It was only July – August 2010

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in 1972 that the United States decided to consolidate all its military mapping activities under the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA). With changing times and tremendous progress in technology, a need was felt to centralise responsibility for imagery and mapping. On 1 October 1996, National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) was established by the National Defense Authorisation Act for Fiscal Year 1997. NIMA brought together different organisations involved in this sector – the DMA, the Central Imagery Office (CIO), and the Defense Dissemination Programme Office (DDPO), and National Photographic Interpretation Center (NPIC). The imagery exploitation, dissemination and processing elements of the Defense Intelligence Agency, National Reconnaissance Office and the Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office were also merged into NIMA. Post 9/11, strengthening intelligence network for securing homeland became one of the top priorities of the US government. Recognising the importance of geospatial intelligence or GEOINT in this sector, the then-US President George W Bush in 2003 signed the FY 2004 Defense Authorisation Bill authorising NIMA to become the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, or NGA. NGA, which is a part of the Department of Defense (DoD), is now a key component of the United States intelligence community. Its primary mission is to aid the security agencies by collecting, analysing and distributing geospatial information. Located at Bethesda, Maryland, NGA operates major facilities in Washington and Missouri and has liaison offices worldwide. July – August 2010

What is the role and activity of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)? NGA is a US national intelligence and combat support agency whose primary mission is to provide timely, relevant and accurate geospatial intelligence, or GEOINT, in support of national security objectives. GEOINT is earth-referenced information about natural and man-made objects or events with national security implications. We were established as the National Imagery and Mapping Agency in 1996 to integrate imagery intelligence and mapping functions across the defence and intelligence communities. In November 2003, the then-US President George W Bush signed the FY 2004 Defense Authorisation Bill authorising NIMA to become the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency, or NGA. The new name reflected the growing importance of GEOINT to national security and thus, our agency's overall mission. Our vision is to provide GEOINT in all its forms, and from whatever source - imagery and geospatial - to ensure the knowledge foundation for planning, decision and action. We also strive to share our insight on intelligence challenges, provide analytical services and solutions and create easily accessible GEOINT that is tailored to our customers' needs.

What are the various levels at which geospatial technologies can be used in defence and internal security, and how? The application of geospatial technologies in defence and internal security includes foundation data (country and city maps, digital elevation models, gravity data, global positioning systems, maritime and aeronautical navigation)

Members of the Source Operations and Management Directorate Global Positioning System office monitor GPS sensors worldwide

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and world-wide situational awareness and treaty monitoring (focusing on emerging areas like commercial electro-optical imagery and airborne sensors, including full-motion video and motion imagery exploitation). NGA is also active in pursuing new geospatial technologies. One of our research and development priorities is exploiting new radar sensor technologies such as those operating with different polarisations to provide another layer of information to better characterise, visualise and detect various targets and terrain. NGA is currently engaged in a commercial synthetic aperture radar pilot project with the University of Miami's Center for Southeastern Tropical Remote Sensing facility to employ advanced polarimetric SAR analysis and visualisation tools to help analysts characterise terrain, discriminate vegetative and man-made features and other aspects.

NGA is a US national intelligence and combat support agency whose primary mission is to provide timely, relevant and accurate geospatial intelligence, or GEOINT, in support of national

With NGA developing imagery and mapbased solutions for national defence and homeland security, what are the key criteria for developing these solutions? The critical criteria for these solutions are the availability of appropriate technology and a skilled workforce. Today's sensors provide an unprecedented level of geospatial data, that when exploited effectively, can provide valuable insight on key national and homeland security issues. They allow NGA to create geospatial data layers, which may include military and security information, weather and terrain features. These data layers, combined with available intelligence, create the critical pieces of GEOINT. They provide decision makers and operational commanders’ unparalleled advantages and a nuanced situational awareness that was previously unavailable.

security objectives.

People, through expertise, fuse those data layers to create actionable intelligence and strategic insight. The ability to fuse, and apply expertise, represents the unique value proposition NGA brings to national security. GEOINT analysts understand these data and the corresponding geography, people, tactical challenges and strategic implications. That understanding is the element that transforms raw data into intelligence, or GEOINT. This combination has proven, time-and-again, to be a highly effective tool in mitigating threats. Of course, no analyst can tackle any challenge alone. Collaboration among people who share our mission and concerns has proven a critical prerequisite for effective solutions. NGA goes beyond imagery and maps to generate intelligence that helps decision makers.

While geospatial technologies are playing a key role in how modern warfare is fought, its importance cannot be negated during peace time. How can technologies be used for military and internal security preparedness?

An instructor works with a US Navy sailor learning about imagery analysis in the Community Geospatial Intelligence Analysis Course

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The Director of National Intelligence defines the vision for the intelligence community in terms of a globally networked enterprise supporting the mission of creating decision advantage. We see the National System for Geospatial Intelligence continuing to grow as a unified community of GEOINT professionals that will provide the critical answers to the situational questions of what, where, and when in delivering the decision advantage. Our analysts already provide an excellent level of situational awareness, July – August 2010

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but our security threats have been, and will continue to be, more complex. To maintain the edge in our ability to address these threats, we will have to focus on growing and operating as a cohesive community both within the National System for Geospatial Intelligence and the Intelligence Community. To do this, we will keep strengthening our traditional alliances and continue to establish new ones not only within our community, but also going beyond to international, academic, industrial and other new sources for partnerships. This new and stronger GEOINT community will benefit from the insights brought by this enhanced collaboration. This will open the potential for new and better means for communications and information sharing and dissemination. Our access and ability to use new and diverse collection sources is also increasing with our new partnerships. Our access to commercial and airborne sources, along with new and leading edge phenomenology is increasing in ways we would never have predicted. All these activities are coming together to give us future opportunities to grow as an intelligence community. To achieve this vision, we need to start now. Some of our ongoing and near-term activities are:tttttContinue to deploy our personnel forward, ensuring a GEOINT presence throughout the IC and with the warfighter. - Lead the community in establishing multi-intelligence operations throughout the NSG community. - Continue to strengthen NSG governance to ensure the sum of our parts produces better intelligence than each of our US and Commonwealth partners produce individually. - Continue to work with our mission partners to aggressively capture, integrate and manage all traditional and non-traditional GEOINT sources and phenomenology. - Integrate all airborne sources with other GEOINT sources. - Continue to build an adaptive multi-skilled workforce, with a commitment to diversity, by implementing the human development strategic workforce plan. - Establish and enforce standards and architecture to ensure full interoperability across the GEOINT community.

that materials, products, processes or services are fit for the analysis and visual representations of physical features and geographically referenced activities on the Earth. The National Center for Geospatial Intelligence Standards (NCGIS) is the coordinating organisation within the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency that is responsible for setting and implementing GEOINT standards management policies for NGA and the national system for geospatial intelligence community. NCGIS was established to ensure a coordinated standards-based approach to achieving data/system interoperability, implement collaborative business practices, and act as an advocate for the needs of NGA and the NSG community. Through strategic planning and architecture-based analysis, the NCGIS strives to optimise agency resources as it implements a comprehensive enterprise-wide standards management policy. The NCGIS sponsors the Geospatial Intelligence Standards Working Group, a NSG community forum that addresses the latest standards issues that are critical to achieving the systems interoperability necessary for mission success. An NSG-wide plan for standards and continued involvement of NSG community are crucial to the development and implementation of standards that enable the sharing of timely, relevant and accurate geospatial intelligence.

Kindly elaborate on the global support provided by you. Does that extend to Asia? NGA is spearheading an effort to establish GEOINT standards, concepts and procedures to enhance its support to humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR)

Any intelligence activity involves several elements like imagery and various kinds of geospatial information. How important are standards and interoperability in such a scenario and how do you address it? Geospatial intelligence standards consist of technical specifications or other precise criteria to be used consistently as rules, guidelines or definitions of characteristics of GEOINT to ensure July – August 2010

Members of US Military use an NGA product to plan a convoy route in Iraq

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activities, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. NGA provides annual GEOINT training related to HADR. GEOINT professionals from Singapore, Thailand, and Taiwan have attended this training. Collaborative initiatives with Singapore are underway to enhance US-Singapore interoperability and increase our ability to provide a timely response in the event of a crisis in the region. NGA is also working closely with Thailand's Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency to promote the use of GEOINT for HADR-related activities. NGA's partnership with Taiwan spans over 30 years when our predecessor organisation, the Defense Mapping Agency, exchanged maps and charts with their counterparts in Taiwan's Ministry of National Defence. This was done through the America Institute in Taiwan (AIT) and the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO). NGA continues to have an active geospatial exchange with Taiwan and an annual GIS conference to discuss future initiatives. NGA has a newer relationship with our Mongolian counterparts. Our bilateral exchange and cooperation agreement was signed in 2004. Since that time, we have

NGA is spearheading an effort to establish GEOINT standards, concepts, and procedures to enhance its support to humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) activities, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region.

exchanged topographic data and performed several cooperative gravity surveys with the Mongolians.

NGA analysts discuss details for mission operations in Ethiopia

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July – August 2010

SECURITY

In today’s competitive world, protecting data is one of the major challenges before an organisation. Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) can be a possible solution s cyber criminals loom large, it has become imperative for enterprises to give emphasis to security solutions, especially with regard to confidential information such as customer data, intellectual property, trade secrets and proprietary corporate data.

A Vishal Dhupar Managing Director Symantec India [email protected]

With the availability of a multitude of platforms and the ever increasing number of mobile workforce - accessing information on the go, the risk of data breaches and its financial impact on organisations is now higher than ever before. Ponemon’s1 2009 “Global Cost of a Data Breach” report revealed that the average cost of a data breach incident in the US last year was USD 6.75 million, compared to the international average of USD 3.43 million; which roughly breaks down to USD 204 per compromised record. These are alarming facts! There has been a surge in the number of employees who access, receive, and store a company’s confidential data, customer data, regulated data and intellectual property, due to which, data protection and threat response has become extremely challenging in today’s business scenario.

July – August 2010

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Companies inclined towards hiring and retaining a `named CISO' are evidently more successful than those that merely hire a manager of information security

A key solution to counter this serious threat to data loss is to recruit a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) in addition to investing in security solutions, to provide companies with the best IT security outcomes. CISO primarily monitors employees’ cyber behaviour within an organisation and ensures that breach of company-related sensitive information is annulled.

Cyber attacks plague Indian enterprises Results from Symantec’s 2010 State of Enterprise Security study shows that Indian enterprises perceive cyber attacks as a bigger threat than terrorism or natural disasters. This isn’t surprising, considering that 100 per cent of the surveyed Indian enterprises reported a loss of revenue due to loss of customer and employee data, and 81 per cent reported a direct financial cost due to the spate of cyber attacks targeted at them. Moreover, 59 per cent of Indian enterprises felt that employee-owned endpoints compromised security.

the security policies in the system, but they also need to create a position for CISO, who will ensure the consistent implementation of those policies. Information security has always been a top priority for enterprises. This is evident from the fact that a lot of organisations have joined the bandwagon of companies that have appointed a CISO to be in charge of the day-today security operations, and most importantly, to strategise the company’s growth plans. This appears to be a growing positive trend given that 44 per cent of companies employed a CISO in 2009 compared to 29 per cent in 2008, according to 2010 PriceWaterhouseCoopers survey.2

CISOs contribute to success in organisations Recent studies have shown that companies that have ropedin CISOs are reaping the benefits of enhanced and assured data protection, as compared to organisations that have shied away from this cyber crime buster.

The seminal cause of data breaches To effectively prevent a data breach, it is important to identify the source from which it emerges. The anatomy of data breaches point figures at three primary sources of data breach - targeted attacks by malicious outsiders, wellmeaning insiders and malicious insiders. Many a time, an attack could be the result of a combination of these factors. Often times, breaches are witnessed due to negligence or ignorance on the part of the employee, to comply with internal security policies.

Saved by the CISO! According to the IDC study, the state of data loss in Indian enterprises, sponsored by Symantec (2009), over 50 per cent of information in Indian enterprises is classified as confidential. Thus, to prevent data loss, organisations need to not only invest time in educating employees about geoIntelligence

Within the industry, it is gradually being proven that companies experiencing the best outcomes manage their information security function through a CISO, who reports to a senior Chief Information Officer (CIO). Such enterprises have become more competent by implementing standardised procedures based on frameworks (for example, ISO, HIPAA, CobiT, PCI), automating these procedures and controls, and measuring, assessing and reporting risks on a regular basis. The final outcome of such companies is lower audit spend, reduced data theft and higher customer retention. As a result, these organisations garner larger profits, higher revenues and higher levels of business productivity from IT.

CISOs: Risk-reducing factor It has been noticed that companies inclined towards hiring and retaining a ‘named CISO’ are evidently more successful than July – August 2010

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those that merely hire a manager of information security, who performs similar duties. The IT Policy Compliance Group found that companies with a named CISO are 10 times more likely to experience loss or theft of customer data. In contrast, organisations where the information security function is managed at lower levels by systems and network administrators, or by managers in IT operations, are 4-8 times more likely to be among those with significantly higher rates of data loss and theft. In addition, the best performing organisations (with CISOs) manage business productivity and risks by using policies and targets for minimum acceptable downtime and maximum acceptable risks, as well as measuring, assessing and reporting on risks daily, weekly and monthly.

CISOs make companies cost-effective Companies with named CISOs are the most successful and experience less financial exposure from data loss and theft, along with reductions in risk. Findings of studies conducted by the IT Policy Compliance Group show that organisations with best outcomes spend 0.4 per cent of revenue on data loss exposure, as compared to companies with worst outcomes, which spend 9.6 percent of revenue on costs related to data loss. The need for CISOs is not just an IT need but a business one also CISOs highlight the importance of viewing security as part of the business process, rather than just an IT problem. In most organisations vexed with high rates of data loss and theft, security is left solely to be managed by IT operations without proper oversight and control. Companies with the best business outcomes manage information security at a higher level, as a quality-controlled function, that involves automation of policies, procedures and controls. According to the IT Policy and Compliance Group, an average of two-thirds (66 percent) of procedures related to the information security and assurance function are fully automated among the organisations with the best outcomes. In contrast, the worst performing organisations automate less than one-third (33 percent) of procedures and technical controls. In addition, the best performing organisations also automate measurement and reporting of key risks, controls and indicators on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; versus the worst performing organisations which assess and report only once every five months. On the whole, CISOs contribute to better business results by ensuring proper implementation of security measures, by standardising and automating procedures and by taking a July – August 2010

strategic role within the organisation to make information security a part of the business process. The Indian enterprises need to sit up and act now. The Symantec Enterprises Security Survey 2010 states that the average revenue lost by Indian enterprises due to cyber attacks was INR 58,59,234 in 2009. This should annul all doubts on whether Indian enterprises need a CISO or not. In this era of information explosion where cyber attacks and cases of privacy invasion are on the rise, the role of the CISO will become increasingly vital in Indian enterprises. A CISO is akin to the modern day cyber crime buster and enterprises need to have one in their armour.

References 1 Global Cost of a Data Breach, 2009, Ponemon Institute 2 The Global State of Information Security Survey, 2010, PriceWaterhouseCoopers

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IFSAR

Border surveillance is a major concern for security agencies around the world. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) helps make data collection across border areas feasible.

igital elevation models (DEMs) are widely used not only in the traditional mapping world but increasingly in support of new applications that are driven by consumer interests. In this new environment, the required levels of detail and accuracy of DEMs vary according to their applications, and are major considerations for the user, many of whom come from outside the GIS industry.

D

Sowmya Gopal Radar Scientist Intermap Technologies GmbH [email protected]

An additional consideration is that some applications, to be effective, transcend local political boundaries and require uniform datasets across regional, national and even continental scales.

Need for a Homogeneous and Accurate Countrywide DEM Although, there are a number of terrain elevation datasets available today, many have been created over different periods of time with different data acquisition systems and hence, different resolutions. So, the resulting patchwork dataset is not practical for applications requiring DEMs that span across countries or even continents because of inconsistencies and artifacts like voids, seam lines across boundaries and borders, etc. Figure 1 illustrates the importance of accurate and detailed elevation data for modelling applications like a flood induced by a storm surge. In this example, a Katrina-like event is applied to Miami. Note the differences between a simulation based on NEXTMap® data (left) and the prediction prepared by Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) based on the USGS NED elevation data (right). One area (indicated by red circles) of the FEMA prediction overestimates the inundation by 50 per cent, while it also misses an entire area that would be inundated through the geoIntelligence

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The ability to penetrate vegetation to see the ground beneath the canopy as well as to measure the vegetation parameters is possible using Polarimetric SAR interferometry (PolInSAR). Figure 1: Effect of DEM Accuracy on Flood Modelling

channel at the bottom of the image (yellow circle). A similar example is the integrated coastal zone management project in India, which has elevation as one of the three main requirements. Elevation information will be used along with the available tidal observation information over the past 50 and 100 years (where available) to generate a hazard line. Having an accurate and homogeneous DEM is extremely important for such a project.

Geospatial Mapping Technologies Figure 2: Geospatial Mapping Technologies

Geospatial mapping technologies have come a long way from ground surveying to state-of-the-art airborne and spaceborne systems. Figure 2 illustrates the different technologies available today. Photogrammetry is a passive system, dependent on sunlight and good weather. When considering active systems like light detection and ranging (LIDAR) and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR), the former is useful for mapping small regions with high accuracies, while IFSAR is suitable for extremely large regions. IFSAR is scalable and particularly cost-effective while still providing data with an accuracy that is significantly higher than that from satellite SAR systems. IFSAR is also free of cloud cover because of its ability to see through clouds, haze, fog, etc. When compared to spaceborne alternatives, singlepass airborne systems using Intermap Technologies®’ proprietary X-Band IFSAR technology have more flexibility as well as weather-independent system deployment, higher spatial resolution, and a lesser degree of influence from the atmosphere and temporal target changes. July – August 2010

IFSAR: A Cost-effective Solution for Mapping Countries and Continents With IFSAR, height information for a scene is obtained using two antennae in single-pass mode. SAR signals, however, interact with the terrain and thus measure the distance to first-surface features. The DEM created from an IFSAR system is essentially a first-surface DEM, also known as digital surface model (DSM). The digital terrain model (DTM), representative of the earth’s terrain, is obtained by editing the DSM using a semi-automated process during which all man-made and vegetation features are removed. This process is extremely challenging and labour-intensive, and requires classification of terrain (based on land cover), a set of editing rules to handle hydrological, road features, etc., and a quality control process to ensure that the output DTM is accurate and consistent across borders and boundaries. Intermap has mapped more than 10 million sq. km in the United States and Western Europe at 1m vertical accuracy with its NEXTMap® programme and over 2 million sq. km in Asia and S.E.Asia. geoIntelligence

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Figure 3: Scalable and Efficient IFSAR Ultra Long Line Acquisition. Left: a ULL block of 300,000 sq km from NEXTMap® Europe Below: a ULL block of 480,000 sq. km from NEXTMap® US.

With the aid of high resolution IFSAR systems, Intermap now also has the ability to generate DEMs at 50cm vertical accuracy. Data acquisition is made cost-effective by means of ultra long lines (ULL). The longer line lengths increase the ratio between imaging versus non-imaging time by reducing the number of aircraft turns at the end of the lines. Within these ULL blocks, parallel flight lines are planned according to the terrain. Sufficient overlap is incorporated into the plan to ensure there are no gaps in coverage between imaged swaths. Figure 3 shows two sample ULL blocks: One in Europe that covers more than half of France and another in the US that spans over four states from North Dakota down to Kansas. The acquired data is then processed in a semi-automated production factory with a number of quality control steps to ensure that the data meets the accuracy requirements. The throughput of the system is 400,000 sq. km per month. The whole workflow is ISO certified. Military forces have a strong need for accurate base maps and high-resolution images in sensitive areas like Afghanistan, and IFSAR mapping has been used for these areas. Figure 4 shows examples of orthorectified radar images (ORI) of two different areas from Intermap’s mapping campaign in Afghanistan. Afghanistan has diverse topography ranging from rugged and mountainous terrain to plains. The ORI shown in figure 4 has a pixel size of 1.25m and a horizontal accuracy of 2m RMSE.

the parallax between two stereo radar image pairs. With the availability of relatively high-resolution radar imagery from the TerraSAR-X and other modern satellites, the creation of DEMs meeting DTED (digital terrain elevation data) L2 accuracy is made possible. This is accomplished by using Intermap’s proprietary TopoSAR radargrammetry software which has also been tested on RADARSAT-2 as well as COSMO-SkyMed imagery.

Defence and Internal Security applications

Radargrammetry

The IFSAR DEM can be used as an accurate base map in orthorectification of imagery from multiple sources. Orthorectification is the process of accurately registering imagery to ground coordinates and geometrically correcting it to remove distortions that happen during image capture.

Airborne operations are not always possible in certain restricted regions, and an attractive alternative method for the production of DEMs is radargrammetry, in which elevation information is obtained by measuring

The accuracy of orthorectification heavily influences the usability of imagery for surveillance as well as change detection which helps detect encroachment in sensitive areas like borders or in areas with oil/gas pipelines.

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The accuracy of orthorectification heavily influences the usability of imagery for surveillance as well as change detection which helps detect encroachment in sensitive areas like borders or in areas with oil/gas pipelines.

Figure 5 illustrates the errors (yellow arrows) due to orthorectification of an air photo by USGS NED (left). The accuracy of NEXTMap DEM (right) does not give room to such errors. Helicopter flight operations are particularly sensitive to terrain slope for landing possibilities; accurate slope information from DEMs can be valuable for determining those areas, and, additionally for low-level flight mission planning, particularly for special operations, in poor visibility and unfamiliar terrain. An example scenario is given in figure 6 (oveleaf ).

Figure 4: Orthorectfied Radar Imagery of Afghanistan - the top image shows a sample of the mountainous terrain and the lower image shows an urban area.

The difference between a paper map of the slope analysis region (top right) and an accurate landing space information (bottom right) can have a huge impact on a mission critical operation. The figure also illustrates how a DEM of lesser accuracy (bottom left), DTED L1, does not provide comprehensive information as compared to DTED L4. Another important advantage of having accurate terrain information for mission planning is the ability to do a visibility analysis (line-of-sight or viewshed) for a particular area before going in. This will help speed up the decision-making process and improve the efficiency of mission planning. Figure 7 shows an example of viewshed (areas visible from the point of observation shown in red) overlaid on an aerial photograph for easy interpretation. Intelligence agencies are increasingly interested in the ability of airborne sensors to map what is hidden beneath vegetation. This ability to penetrate vegetation to see the ground beneath the canopy as well as to measure the July – August 2010

Figure 5: Effect of DEM Accuracy on Image Orthorectification

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IFSAR is scalable and particularly cost-effective while still providing data with an accuracy that is significantly higher than that from satellite SAR systems. It is also free of cloud cover. Figure 6: DEM for Helicopter Landing Slope Analysis

vegetation parameters is possible using Polarimetric SAR interferometry (PolInSAR). This has gained much interest in the scientific community over recent years, mainly due to its potential to derive certain vegetation parameters. From the intelligence standpoint, it has proved to be capable of extracting paths and tracks, and certain kinds of objects or structures, otherwise hidden by vegetation. In combination with long wavelengths (L- or P-band) and full polarimetric operation, the extraction of parameters such as vegetation height and ground topography has been

investigated. Repeat pass operations are always hindered by temporal decorrelation. This motivated Intermap to build an experimental single-pass L-Band PolInSAR system with an azimuth resolution of 1m and a slantrange resolution of 1.1m. Cost-effective and accurate surveillance for border security is a concern for many nations, and the nature of the sidelooking geometry of IFSAR makes data collection across sensitive country borders feasible.

Figure 7: DEM for Visibility Analysis

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IBM M AXIM O

IBM Maximo Asset and Service management system is built to help organisations manage their assets on a single software platform BM Maximo Asset and Service management system is an integrated system that helps organisations manage their assets on a single software platform. Built on a service-oriented architecture (SOA), Maximo Asset Management delivers a comprehensive view of all types of assets, their conditions and locations, and the work processes that support them, to enable optimal planning, control, audit, and compliance capability.

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Maximo Asset Management lets us manage end-to-end asset operations and business processes to deliver efficient and effective services aligned with our business goals. It provides a comprehensive and modular approach to integrated asset control and visibility by providing an enterprise platform for storing standardised data on asset histories to help integrate people, processes, information and technology. Maximo Asset Management offerings include tools, best practices and service offerings for incremental value. Managing assets through Maximo Asset Management gives business a competitive advantage. Sanjay Ganjoo Maximo Technical Sales Lead IBM India [email protected]

Figure 1 shows architectural components of Maximo. Different components in the architecture are as follows: Common Data Repository layer is used to define and store all types of assets, that is, production, facilities, transportation, Information Technology etc. in one database.

Fig 1: IBM Maximo architectural layers July – August 2010

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Maximo Asset Management lets us manage end-toend asset operations and business processes to deliver efficient and effective services aligned with our business goals Business Process Engine / Workflow layer is used to define various global parameters and workflow rules that add an element of automation to business processes. Operational and IT Assets layer shows the various modules in Maximo that users utilise to carry out business transactions and are controlled by the parameters defined in the business process layer. Service Management layer has various applications for service desk which are based on ITIL guidelines. Incident, problem, change and release management are tightly integrated with Asset and Work Management modules. User Interface layer is the presentation layer that is used for Maximo system. Maximo is a web-based system and users with access rights can use Internet Explorer or Mozilla to access Maximo. Reporting and KPI layer is used to define various reports and key performance indicators (KPIs). By using the Maximo Asset Management user interface, KPIs can be established to monitor asset conditions and trigger automated action based on changes. We can create, assign, monitor, notify, and report on key process components such as work orders, service desk tickets, and purchase orders, including status, from start to finish. You can also include attachments, such as maps, pictures, and URLs to each record or task to further enhance communication and productivity.

Maximo with ESRI’s ArcGIS Server. It provides users with visibility into complex GIS information. This solution provides a geospatial context of work, assets and relevant land-based features, which improves reliability, longevity and efficient work execution. While the integration of asset and work management with GIS is not a new idea, the technology approach taken by this solution, and its capabilities represent a new level of innovation, usability and business value. Combining the ArcGIS Server with the Maximo asset management solution using standardsbased, service-oriented technology common to both architectures, Maximo Spatial Asset Management makes the power of desktop GIS directly available to enterprise asset management users. It offers a seamless user experience that incorporates map-based user interfaces, dynamic access to GIS data. IBM Maximo Spatial is useful for the organisations that have critical assets scattered geographically like utility, energy, government and telecommunications. Such organisations can get tremendous benefits by combining the powerful features of Maximo and ArcGIS. Maximo Spatial has a feature to write powerful queries to get data from across the databases, thereby, eliminating the need of duplicating data in both the systems.

Highlights of Maximo Spatial Asset Management • It gives geospatial context for all types of assets and locations and has the capability to convert street addresses and similar location data into latitude/ longitude (GPS) coordinates, and vice versa. • It can trace components of linear network assets spatially taking into account the direction of “flow” of the gas, water, electricity, etc. This is useful in determining which customers will be affected by maintenance activities and other service interruptions. • It can support enhanced routing or route planning capabilities by providing core GIS routing capabilities

Integration layer is the framework that is used to integrate Maximo with external enterprise or operational systems including various GIS systems. Maximo Integration framework is used to create adapters to communicate with external systems. There are some readymade adapters available from IBM to integrate maximo with SAP, Oracle Financials, MS-Project and Primavera. IBM Maximo Spatial is developed by unifying IBM geoIntelligence

Fig 2: Searching by Street address July – August 2010

NEWS • VIEWS • REVIEWS • INTERVIEWS • NEWS • VIEWS WS • R REVIEWS EV EW EVIEWS EVI EV EWS WS • IN WS IINTERVIEWS TER TE TER RVI VIE V IEWS WS • NEWS • VIEWS • REVIEWS • INTERVIEWS • NEWS • V

I would like to subscribe for (tick as applicable) 1 year (6 bimonthly issues for `500 / US$30) 2 years (12 bimonthly issues for `950 / US$55)

First name ............................................ Last name ........................................ Designation .......................................... Organization .................................... Address ............................................................................................................. City ........................................................ State ................................................. Postal code .......................................... Country ............................................. Phone .................................................... Fax .................................................... Email ..................................................................................................................

I enclose cheque no ............................. drawn on .......................................... dated ......................... towards subscription for GEO Intelligence magazine in favour of GIS Development Pvt. Ltd.

Sign ......................................................Date ............................ Mail this form with payment to: GIS Development Pvt. Ltd. A-145, Sector - 63, Noida, India Tel + 91 120 4612500 Fax + 91 120 461255 / 666

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IBM Maximo Spatial provides users with visibility into complex GIS information. It provides a geospatial context of work, assets and relevant land-based features, which improves reliability, longevity and efficient work execution.

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•

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Fig: 3 Identifying work orders from Asset Application

in combination with rich asset management data such as maintenance and other historical data. The asset management user interface is used for setting the security in the system so that the data is accessible to authorised users only. It provides the ability to view the affected location or assets directly from the map and also allows users to create Service Orders or Work orders. It provides the ability to check the status of various repair work going on in an area. It also gives the ability of identifying other assets in the vicinity of affected asset from the map, thereby, providing planners with additional information to use the resources optimally. Fig 4: To check the status work in an area

Usage Scenarios: Maximo Spatial Asset Management can be used by various organisations including government for better public services and to increase public safety. This application can be used by: Call centers – Agents in the call center can locate the troubled location and asset accurately from the map and can quickly know if the same trouble was reported by anyone else from the same locality. It will also help them in their communication with the people of the area. Government organisations to mobilise better resources in case of natural calamities; and help them be in touch with the citizens. Government and public service organisations can plan their work properly in any area without causing discomfort to the people. Information from the maps can give them better understanding about the usage of the assets like roads etc in an area in a particular season, thereby, empowering them to take proactive actions in future. geoIntelligence

Utility, energy, transportation and telecommunication organisations can get better visibility of their mission critical assets which will give them more control over their assets. They can use the information to proactively attend to the assets and avoid disruption in the services, which can result in customer satisfaction and open up other avenues in the business.

Benefits of Geospatially Enabled Asset Management • Organisations can reduce the cost by streamlining work and use the resources economically. • Equipped with better information than the tabular data, organisations can take better informed decisions while planning inspection or maintenance work in an area. • Maps can increase the communication of organisations with their customers in the event of natural calamities or any other incident affecting their services. • Maximo Spatial becomes the single source of information of all departments for their geospatially enabled assets eliminating the need to get data from different sources thereby avoiding the conflicting situations. July – August 2010

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August 13th Annual Space and Missile Defense Conference and Exhibition 16-19 August, 2010 Huntsville Alabama www.smdconf.org/

World Space Biz 2010 2nd International Conference on Space Technology 25-28 August, 2010 BIEC Bengaluru India www.bsxindia.com

September

8th Annual Maritime Reconnaissance & Surveillance 27-29 September, 2010 Sheraton Roma Hotel & CC Rome, Italy http://www.maritimerecon.com/Event. aspx?id=300654

World Satellite Business Week 6-10 September, 2010 Paris, France www.satellite-business.com

Geospatial Intelligence Summit 28-30 September, 2010 Vienna Intercontinental Vienna, Austria http://www.jacobfleming.com/jacobfleming-group/conferences/defence/ GEO?partner=defensemarket

24-27 October, 2010 Le Royal Meridien Abu Dhabi UAE http://www.geospatialdefence.com/Event. aspx?id=322854

Geospatial Def & Intelligence 28-30 September, 2010 Kuala Lampur, Malaysia www.geospatialdefenceasia.com

International Port Security 29-30 September, 2010 Hilton Barcelona Barcelona, Spain www.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview. asp?is=16&ref=3520

October Defence Exports

Defense Health 2010 13-14 September, 2010 Berlin, Germany www.jacobfleming.com/jacob-fleminggroup/conferences/defense/defensehealth-2010

4-5 October, 2010 Crowne Plaza Hotel - Le Palace Brussels, Belgium www.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview. asp?is=1&ref=3496

Counter IED and Force Protection 15th Australasian Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Conference (ARSPC) 13-17 September, 2010 Alice Springs, Australia www.15.arspc.com

6-7 October, 2010 Copthorne Tara Hotel London, UK www.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview. asp?is=1&ref=3438

Platform Survivability 2010, IQPC Cyber Security 2010 22-23 September, 2010 Hotel La Plaza Brussels, Belgium http://www.internationalcybersec.com/ Event.aspx?id=306454

12-14 October, 2010 Frankfurt, Germany www.platform-survivability.com/110/index. php?

Africa Aerospace and Defence 2010

Military Engineering Conference - Combat, Sustainment & Reconstruction

21-25 September, 2010 Cape Town South Africa http://www.aadexpo.co.za

18-19 October, 2010 London, UK www.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview. asp?is=1&ref=3499

July – August 2010

20-22 October, 2010 Tuscany, Italy www.caneus.org/sharedsmallsats/default. aspx

GIS for National Security, Defence and Emergency Management Conference

INDESEC Expo 2010 6-8 September, 2010 Pragati Maidan New Delhi, India http://www.indesec-expo.com/

CANEUS - Small Satellites

November Global MilSatCom 2010 8-10 November, 2010 Millennium Conference Centre London www.globalmilsatcom.com

Unmanned Aircraft Systems 2010, Pursuing the Future of Unmanned Aircraft 17-18 November, 2010 Millennium Gloucester Hotel London, UK www.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview. asp?is=1&ref=3501

Map Africa 2010 23-25 November, 2010 Cape Town South Africa http://mapafrica.gisdevelopment.net

December Underwater Battlespace APAC 7-8 December, 2010 Amara Hotel Singapore www.underwaterbattlespace.com/Event. aspx?id=348848&19226.001_defconfban%

January Defence Geospatial Intelligence (DGI) 2011 24-27 January, 2011 QEII Centre London, UK http://www.defenseconference. com/?p=315 geoIntelligence

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CONFERENCE

GIS is steadily pushing its way into India’s security corridors he 26/11 Mumbai incident was a wake-up call for India in many ways. First, the type of attack and its intensity which took the world by surprise, thereby exposing India’s vulnerability, lack of preparedness and gaps in responding to emergency situations. Second, it demonstrated that despite India’s technological and economic advancement, it is the country’s enemies which are adept at using the technology in its war against India (the 26/11 Mumbai attackers had access to maps, GPS and satellite phones).

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Little wonder then that technology now takes centre stage of every security-related issue in the country and geospatial is the new mantra for security forces and policymakers alike. To help understand the problems of India’s security agencies and discuss possible solutions, a two-day seminar on ‘Science and Technology for Homeland Security 2010’ was organised by FICCI in New Delhi. The event witnessed good participation from government, industry, defence and security experts, intellectuals and students. Moderating the session on the ‘Role of ICT and GIS for Homeland Security’, Rajesh Mathur, vice-chairman, NIITGIS Ltd, explained the importance of ICT and GIS in planning and operations of security agencies.

Rajesh Mathur of NIIT-GIS Ltd. chairs the session on the ‘Role of ICT and GIS for Homeland Security’ at FICCI seminar

BSF has taken a lead role in incorporating geospatial technology for effective border management - K Srinivasan, DIG Intelligence, BSF

Elaborating further, Dr Aniruddha Roy, Vice President – Strategic Business Group (GIS), Navayuga Engineering Company Ltd, said, “Naxalism is one of the major security threats India is facing now. Geospatial technology can help us understand the history and geography of this problem and suggest ways to tackle the menace.” The government has already begun training the paramilitary forces in the use of GIS and related technologies. Recently, a five-day training course involving satellite data reading and interpretation of GIS for smooth areas and rocky terrains was held for officers of CRPF, ITBP and BSF. The training is likely to benefit the forces fighting Naxals in the thick jungles and other inhospitable terrains. geoIntelligence

Meanwhile, Forces are also being trained to use this technology in maintaining a vigil on the borders. K Srinivasan, Deputy Inspector General – Intelligence, BSF said, “BSF has taken a lead role in incorporating geospatial technology for effective border management.” He drove home the point by presenting slides of photographs of India-Pakistan and India-Bangladesh borders, explaining the problems BSF faces in manning these borders and how GIS is solving their problems. For example, he talked about how the changing course of rivers in eastern India makes it July – August 2010

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difficult to ascertain the exact border with Bangladesh. “We are now using geospatial technology to solve that problem,” said Srinivasan. He, however, accepted that data sharing is a problem for security forces as security concerns sometimes prevent them from sharing all information with solution providers. His views were substantiated by Anup Jindal, Executive Director, RMSI. “Effectiveness of GIS can improve effectiveness of security agencies.” He added, “Swarm of attacks will be the trend among terrorists in future. If we want to prevent 26/11-like attacks, we need to study them and that can only be done using geospatial technology. It is an enabler for such analysis. We need geospatial technology to help us plan beforehand for any such eventuality but the biggest hindrance for such mitigation activity is availability of data.” He further said, “Though data is available with the government, various government departments hold propriety over it and getting them to share data is a huge task.” Taking the discussion further, Dr Roy said, “We need spatial data infrastructure to facilitate data sharing. Though work is on in this direction, the pace is quite slow.” Stressing on the need for India to pick up pace in this sector, Jindal said, “While India is still struggling with data issues, world is gearing up for CBRNe (chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear explosives) threat. Sensors are now available that offer real-time monitoring of air quality.”

We need spatial data infrastructure to facilitate data sharing. Though work is on in this direction, the pace is quite slow. - Dr Aniruddha Roy

Well, that may be the reality somewhere else but the fact is that India has a long way to go before it can completely unleash the power of this technology in ensuring security of its citizens. For the time being, let’s hope someone in authority has taken a serious note of Jindal when he said, “Geospatial technology is important for studying evacuation, traffic management and planning in case of emergency.” Aditi Bhan Assistant Editor

The session in progress July – August 2010

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GEOINTELLIGENCE ASIA 2010

Connecting communities GeoIntelligence Asia 2010 brought together experts and visitors from around the world fter bringing the armed forces of India together for three consecutive years successfully, GIS Development expanded its footprint with GeoIntelligence Asia 2010. Inaugurated by India's Chief of Army Staff, General VK Singh PVSM, AVSM, YSM, ADC, GeoIntelligence Asia made a strong statement in connecting the defence and internal security forces from the region. Building upon the past events, GeoIntelligence Asia 2010 created an impressive agenda and brought in specialist speakers from across the world who shared their unique perspectives and insights on the geospatial intelligence community's role in making the world a safer place to live. The two-day event held at hotel Taj Palace in New Delhi, India, witnessed about 450 delegates and visitors from eight countries in the region.

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In his inaugural address, General Singh observed that India's boundary includes high altitude mountains, deserts and coastal zones and geospatial intelligence has a significant role to play in tackling security threats from the porous boundary. According to the General, geospatial technology provides situational awareness and helps armed

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forces in precision operation. In today’s network centric environment, geointelligence is an able tool that works as a force multiplier and enables efficient combat. He agreed that the ongoing research in imaging, modelling and other geospatial activities all over the world ultimately helps the armed forces. Earlier, Lt. Gen. Ajay Kumar Singh Chandele, PVSM, AVSM, ADC; Director General of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Indian Army, welcomed the gathering. He noted that emerging security threats can be addressed by developing geospatial capabilities. Sanjay Kumar, CEO, GIS Development, in his introductory remarks, highlighted the need to strengthen spatial infrastructure to better internal security. The inaugural session witnessed the release of bi-monthly magazine GeoIntelligence, a publication of GIS Development. The General also inaugurated the exhibition.

Plenary sessions The first plenary session was chaired by Dr MP

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for a safer world Narayanan, Chairman, GIS Development. Lt. Gen. A K Nanda explained the functionality and importance of Defence Spatial Data Infrastructure (DSDI). He highlighted how GIS prevents duplication of efforts and discussed the need for geointelligence in defence. In his presentation, GeoImagery and GIS Integration, Lawrie Jordan, Director – Imagery, Enterprise Solution, ESRI, demonstrated how one can maximise the value of imagery by intelligently integrating it with GIS. He also emphasised the need to share and collaborate. Lt. Gen. S P Singh, VSM, Director General of Information System, India, while observing that majority of military information has a spatial component, discussed how geospatial technologies can be exploited for operational information. He emphasised on the development of indigenous GIS software and issues related to data interoperability. The second plenary session was chaired by Rajesh C Mathur, Vice Chairman, ESRI India. During the session, Chhavi Gupta, Senior Solution Manager, Technology Solutions, Oracle India, explained how Oracle solutions are helpful in lawful interception project, battle space awareness and crime statistics analysis. She also acquainted everyone with location-enabled Oracle technologies. Kaushik Chakraborty, Vice President, Asia-Pacific, ERDAS, recalled Art of War by Sun Tzu and Clausewitz.

ªGeospatial technology provides situational awareness and helps armed forces in precision operation. In today's network centric environment, geointelligence is an able tool that works as a force multiplier and enables efficient combat.º - General V K Singh, Chief of Army Staff

“Art of war,” as defined by Sun Tzu, “is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be neglected.” Chakraborty said that while the Pearl Harbour incident is a perfect example of art of war, September 11 attacks explain Clausewitz’s theory of war. According to Clausewitz, “War is not merely a political act, but also a political instrument, a continuation of political relations, a carrying out of the same by other means.” In both cases, Chakraborty stressed about the need of geointelligence in warfare and maintained that without geointelligence, modern day wars cannot be won. The third plenary session was chaired by Maj. Gen. Manoj Tayal, Addl. Survey General, Survey of India. In this session, Maj. Gen. Girish Kumar, Project Director, Delhi State Spatial Data Infrastructure (DSSDI), elaborated how DSSDI is using geospatial tools in developing a digital July – August 2010

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map for the Delhi State. He informed that approximately 337 features (above and beneath the ground) have been mapped under this project. John Allan, Vice President, Global Sales and Marketing, ExactEarth, Canada, regretted that there are very few activities in marine field although oceans cover earth’s 70 per cent area. The Mumbai incident was a grim reminder that coastal areas require more attention. Mark Reichardt, President and CEO, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), USA, demonstrated how OGC standards are driven by community resources, integration of sensor web enabled operation concept with UAVs and so on. In addition, he explained compliance testing and certification by OGC.

Workshops and sessions During the session Geospatial for Defence and Border Security, Maj. Gen. P N Koul, Addl Survey General, Survey of India, discussed the necessity of formulation of optimum data standards for efficient data dissemination in defence environment. The paper ignited a debate on data standards especially on cartography data standards versus GIS standards. M Rajathural, Technical Director, Bentley Systems, India, informed that Bentley has developed a tool which can convert CAD data into GIS data and also gave a demonstration of the same. While discussing his paper, Managing Mission Critical Information in Geo-enabled Environment, Rajathural noted that even GIS data should be indexed in the same manner as Google indexed bundle of information and made it accessible to all. He presented various solutions offered by Bentley including intelligent property management, multi-user editing with versioning and intelligent distributed plotting and publishing.

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During the session Geospatial for Homeland Security, Maniesh Kulshrestha, Head – Business Development, SiRF Technology, India, introduced a micro electro mechanical sensor (MEMS) and compared it to GPS. He demonstrated how MEMS can track people in malls or other indoor places with better accuracy than GPS. He also emphasised on public privacy and the need of Building Management Mapping as most of the heritage centres are being targeted by terrorists and anti-social elements. Andrea Cook, Senior Sales Manager, GeoEye, USA, highlighted some of the features of GeoEye 1 and how it can play a pivotal role in homeland security. She presented a few latest images shot by GeoEye 1 and explained their key features. Talking about the satellite, Cook said that it is not only useful in capturing images, but also in providing image-based solutions like 3D modelling and digital maps.

GIS data should be indexed in the same manner as Google indexed bundle of information and made it accessible to all. - Rajathural, Bentley Systems, India

Col. G.S. Mehta (retd), Chief General Manager, Northern region, RSI Softech, India, demonstrated RSI’s latest product for disaster mitigation, Skyline. Col. Sunil Mishra, Director Battlefield Management, System Cell, Directorate General of Information System, India, said that GIS is yet to be optimally exploited. He presented the satellite map of Dantewada, India, which was just mute in the absence of attributed information like roads, villages, language and so on. Dantewada is a district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh and is one of the strongholds of Naxals. T.B.J.S. Rajappa, Deputy Director, Directorate of Coordination (Police Wireless), India, spoke about ‘Albedo of Geointelligence connected GIS’. He talked

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DSSDI is using geospatial tools in developing a digital map for Delhi. Already 337 features have been mapped

intelligence. Dr M.K. Munshi, GIS Development, India, spoke about standards and interoperability and Dr V. V. L. N. Sharma, Civil Hydrographic Office, India, explained electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) compliant, electronic navigational charts (ENC) and issues of interoperability. Col. Sunil Mishra, Director Battlefield Management, System Cell, Directorate General of Information System, India, discussed ways to exploit geointelligence to strengthen our internal security.

under this project. about the use of GIS methodology in earlier times as well and explained how over time, human approach has changed towards the subject even as the ultimate aim remains the same. He established his point with the help of a few examples from Ramayana and Mahabharta. During the session Image Intelligence and Maritime Coastal Security, Col. Kailash Tiwari, Corps of Engineers, Indian Army, explained target detection using optical and microwave remote sensing. Sowmya Gopal, Radar Scientist, Intermap technologies, Germany, explained the significance of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR) mapping for geospatial intelligence in India. During the series of workshops, Dr Christopher Tucker, Member, Board of Directors, US Geospatial Intelligence Foundation, talked about human geography and

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A workshop on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) was conducted by Mike McGill, President, Surveil, United States. He said that market demand for UAVs is almost same as that was for cars in 1920s and computers in 1980s. “UAVs were like a predator in 1990s and still, advancements in this field are consistently happening like UAVs with liquid hydrogen propulsion and hybrid UAVs with Gas/Electricity propulsion. In addition, UAV market is driving advancement in new and innovative ways to apply carbon fibre composite materials,” said McGill. In terms of business, he said that US Navy alone made an order of USD 2.2 billion to Northrop Grumman. The event witnessed several interactive sessions and was a huge hit among paricipants. The seminar will return soon.

Anand Kashyap Sub-Editor

July – August 2010